It has been shown on the examples of paracetamol, ibuprofen, and salbutamol that the use of mixed water-organic solvents, which are capable of clathrate formation, enables one to obtain high-disperse drug powders that are weakly soluble in water via sublimation drying of frozen solutions. The prepared powders are applicable for direct compression to pellets, have a higher rate of passing into solution for drug compared to initial substances, and can be used to prepare the suspensions for children’s preparations and dosage forms as freon-free aerosols for pulmonary administration.

Detailed study and understanding of the processes that occur during the cooling and subsequent annealing of frozen solutions of drugs in two-component systems of low boiling point liquids and water with clathrate formation requires the active involvement of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to select the optimum conditions for freeze drying and comparative analysis of samples, forms of dosage, and initial substances. A new way of creating ultrafine forms of drugs and pharmaceutical compositions by freeze drying that can easily be extended to almost all modern low-dosage drugs to improve their pharmacokinetic profile and technological properties is developed.

The use of in situ powder diffraction for investigating processes that occur upon the annealing of frozen solutions in binary clathrate-forming low-boiling liquid-water systems allows us to propose a new method for preparing ultrafine medicinal substances by freeze-drying. This approach is of a universal nature and can easily be applied to virtually all of today’s low-dosage medicinal substances to improve their pharmacokinetic profiles and processibility.

A detailed study of processes occurring on annealing of frozen solutions of selected APIs in mixed organic-aqueous solvents allowed us to optimize the ratio of components and the experimental conditions for preparing novel forms of the APIs with improved properties.

The work presents the results of studying the mechanism of oxygen transport for a new promising class of oxygen-containing electrolytes based on lanthanum silicate with an apatite structure using impedance spectroscopy and isotopic oxygen heteroexchange. At 1000 K, in the case of samples with an optimum composition including codoped Fe and Al, σ ∼ 3 × 10−3 to 10−2 S/cm and D* reaches ∼10−8 cm2/s, which is close to the values of YSZ and Ce0.9Gd0.1O2 − δ (GDC). Lower energies of conductivity activation and oxygen diffusion for doped apatites (∼0.5–0.8 eV instead of ∼1 eV for GDC) and also equivalence as regards exchange of all oxygen atoms within apatite agree with the model, in which oxygen mobility is determined by a nonlinear cooperative migration process of oxygen atoms with fast exchange between interstitial and regular sites.

This paper presents the results of research aimed at design of multilayer asymmetric oxygen separation membranes comprised of functionally graded by composition and porosity nanocomposite layers with mixed ionic–electronic conductivity (MIEC) and a high oxygen mobility supported on the compressed Ni–Al alloy foam substrate. Complex oxides with fluorite-like structure (Ce0.9Gd0.1O2−δ), perovskite-like structure La0.8Sr0.2Fe1−xNixO3−δ (x = 0.3–0.4) and spinel structure MnFe2O4 synthesized via polymerized precursors (Pechini) route were used for the preparation of these nanocomposites by ultrasonic dispersion of their mixtures in isopropanol with addition of polyvinyl butyral. Parameters characterizing their oxygen mobility and reactivity were estimated by oxygen isotope heteroexchange, weight loss transients, temperature-programmed reduction by CH4 and reoxidation by CO2. Membranes were prepared by successively supporting on one side of substrate macroporous–mesoporous–microporous-dense layers of MIEC nanocomposites finally covered by a porous layer of La–Ni–Pt/Pr0.3Ce0.35Zr0.35O2−x catalyst. Preliminary tests of this membrane in the lab-scale reactor in the process of methane selective oxidation/oxi-dry reforming into syngas demonstrated their oxygen permeability and performance promising for the practical application.