Comparative analysis of infrared (IR) spectra of blood serum of healthy donors and patients with multiple myeloma (MM) was performed. MM is characterized by hyperproduction of the paraprotein, which manifests itself in a change in the spectral pattern of mid-IR absorption spectra. It has been shown that the most significant deviations in the spectra were observed for samples of MM near the Amide I and Amide II´ bands. As a result of a comparative analysis of the IR spectra of blood serum in the region of 1700-1350 cm-1, nine parameters were established, the average values of which in the samples obtained from patients with a secretory form of MM differ significantly from similar indicators for the serum of healthy donors.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a serious disease that is difficult to diagnose especially at early stage. Infrared spectroscopy is a promising approach for diagnosing MM. The principal component analysis (PCA) allows us to reduce the dimension of the data and keep only the important variables. In this study, we apply principal components analysis to infrared (IR) spectra of blood serum from healthy donors and multiple myeloma patients. As a result of the analysis by PCA, it was possible to visualize the separation of patient’s and donor’s samples into two clusters. The result indicates that this method is potentially applicable for diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

One of the promising approaches for diagnosing oncohematological diseases is infrared spectroscopy of blood serum. In this work secondary structure of blood serum proteins of patients with multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and healthy donors was studied using IR spectroscopy. As a result of the study, it was found that the secondary structure of blood serum proteins in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia does not change in comparison with healthy donors. In contrast, patients with multiple myeloma have significant differences in the secondary structure composition of serum proteins compared to healthy donors. We conclude, that IR spectroscopy makes it possible to distinguish serum of healthy donors and patients with multiple myeloma, leading to the potential applicability of this approach to the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.