Изучены многослойные структуры металл/кремний/металл на основе наночастиц кремния. Изучена способность генерировать электроэнергию за счет взаимодействия нанокремния и воды, находящейся в атмосфере. Показана перспектива использования таких наноструктур как элементарной ячейки микромощных батарей.
The technological process of the production of silicon nanoparticles from silicon monoxide and methods of the deposition of nanosilicon coatings onto solar cells are developed. The process makes it possible to control the particle dimensions in the range from 2 to 10 nm. The effect of such nanosilicon coatings on the efficiency of solar cells is studied. It is shown that nanosilicon films possess good antireflection and passivation properties and can be successfully used in the technology of the production of solar cells.
Changes in the structure and phase composition of silicon monoxide in the disproportionation reaction at high temperatures with the formation of a nanocrystalline silicon phase are studied. On itsseparation from the silicon oxides, the nanosilicon powder is subjected to X-ray diffraction analysis and examined by the small-angle X-ray scattering technique. It is found that, under the optimal heat-treatment conditions of silicon monoxide, the powder obtained contains nanosilicon particles with sizes of 17–20 nm and a volume fraction of 40%.
New methods for the synthesis of silicon monoxide are considered. The structure and phase composition of the compounds synthesized are studied by mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction analysis, and IR spectroscopy. New opportunities for analysis of silicon monoxide in view of its use in nanotechnology and the electronics industry are demonstrated.
Problems of production of polycrystalline silicon for solar cells at present and in the near future are considered. New promising technologies (implemented already for small-scale production) and some unique recent developments are presented. In particular, the process of reduction of silicon oxides in the gaseous phase is very promising for production of high-purity silicon.
