Методические рекомендации по судебно-медицинской экспертизе отравления алкоголем являются трудом рабочей группы Ассоциации судебно-медицинских экспертов, размещены в информационной системе Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации «Электронный рубрикатор клинических рекомендаций» в разделе «Методические рекомендации». Представленные методические рекомендации содержат структурированную информацию по вопросам судебно-медицинской экспертизы отравления алкоголем: приведены термины и определения, этапы биотрансформации этанола и варианты танатогенеза, факторы, влияющие на ускорение или замедление резорбции и элиминации этанола; изложены принципы диагностики и дифференциальной диагностики отравления алкоголем, приведены правила забора, хранения и транспортировки биообъектов на судебно-химическое исследование; освещены вопросы заполнения и кодирования медицинского свидетельства о смерти, оформления судебно-медицинского диагноза. Практическое применение подходов дифференциальной диагностики причин смерти, изложенных в методических рекомендациях, позволяет повысить всесторонность, полноту и обоснованность судебно-медицинской экспертизы трупа в случае смерти от отравления алкоголем.

The guidelines for carrying out a forensic medical examination in cases of alcohol poisoning are developed by the working group of the Association of Forensic Medical Experts and posted in the information system of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Electronic rubric of clinical recommendations, Guidelines section). The presented guidelines contain structured information on the issues of forensic medical examination in cases of alcohol poisoning: terms and definitions; stages of ethanol biotransformation and variants of thanatogenesis; factors affecting the acceleration or deceleration of ethanol resorption and elimination; principles underlying the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of alcohol poisoning; rules regarding sampling, storage and transportation of biological objects intended for forensic chemical analysis; issues pertaining to the filling-in of a medical certificate of death and assigning a code to it; as well as making a forensic diagnosis. Differential diagnosis of the cause of death using the procedures given in the guidelines can improve the comprehensiveness, completeness and validity of the forensic medical examination of a corpse in the event of death caused by alcohol poisoning.

The report focuses on the issue of long-term application of immune methods of the analysis for detection of drugs of abuse in urine in the practice of forensic chemistry department of Bureau of Forensic Medicine of Moscow Region. The possibility of application of these methods in the routine analysis is considered. Use of immunoassay in all regional divisions of the department gave a positive assessment of its inclusion in the scheme of forensic toxicology analysis as a preliminary step to mandatory confirmation of the results received thus by instrumental, selective chromatographic methods.

The report is focused on a case from practice in forensic chemistry department of Bureau of Forensic Medicine of Moscow region. Methods of liquid-liquid extraction of drugs from biological tissues and fluids; methods of detection -TLC, GC / MS; HPLC for quantifying the quetiapine in the blood and GC to determine the ethyl alcohol in the blood and urine were applied.

The report focuses on the identification, detection and quantification of drugs in biological fluids and tissues. Information about the toxic and lethal concentrations is given.