About interferometric methods of the doppler shift determination

On the base of advantages in gene geography and anthropophenetics the phenogeographical method for anthropological research is initiated and experienced using dental data. Statistical and cartographical analyses are provided for 498 living Eurasian populations. Mapping principal components supplied evidence for the phene pool structure in Eurasian populations and for reconstructions of our species history on the continent. The longitudinal variability seems to be the most important regularity revealed by principal components analysis (PCA) and mapping proving the division of the whole area into western and eastern main provinces. So, the most ancient scenario in the history of Eurasian populations was developing from two perspective different groups: western group related to ancient populations of West Asia and the eastern one rooted by ancestry in South and/or East Asia. In spite of the enormous territory and the revealed divergence the populations of the continent have undergone wide scale and intensive time-space interaction. Many details in the revealed landscapes could be backgrounded to different historical events. The most amazing results are obtained for proving migrations and assimilation as two essential phenomena in Eurasian history: the wide spread of the western combination through the whole continent till the Pacific coastline and the envision of the movement of the paradox combinations of eastern and western markers from South or Central Asia to the east and to the west. Taking into account that no additional eastern combinations in the total variation in Asian groups have been found but mixed or western markers' sets and that eastern dental characteristics are traced in Asia since Homo erectus, the assumption is made in favour of the hetero-level assimilation in the Eastern province and of net-like evolution of our species.

Aiming to explore weak spectral features of stellar and interstellar origin we used the NES echelle spectrograph of the 6-m telescope to obtain high-resolution spectra for 13 hot O3 - B4 stars in the Cyg OB2 association, including a high luminous star No. 12. Velocity fields in the atmospheres and interstellar medium, characteristics of optical spectra and line profiles are investigated. The cascade star formation scheme for the association is confirmed. Evidence is presented suggesting that the hypergiant Cyg OB2 No.12 is an LBV object and that its anomalous reddening has a circumstellar nature.

The NES echelle spectrograph of the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory has been used to obtain high-resolution spectra for 13 hot O3-B4 stars in the Cyg OB2 association, making it possible to study weak spectral features of stellar and interstellar origin. Velocity fields in the atmospheres and interstellar medium, characteristics of optical spectra and line profiles are investigated. The cascade star-formation scheme for the association is confirmed. Evidence is presented suggesting that the hypergiant Cyg OB2 No. 12 is an LBV object and that its anomalous reddening has a circumstellar nature.

The potential of an algorithm of semiempirical modeling of stellar spectra recorded via an iodine absorption cell is analyzed. This algorithm, when used with the NES quartz echelle spectrograph of the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is shown to be able to achieve a Doppler shift measurement accuracy of 20 m/s with an internal accuracy of 2 m/s.

Solutions are considered that allow the accuracy of stellar radial velocity measurements with the spectroscopic instruments of the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences to be improved. The factors that limit the accuracy of spectroscopic V r measurements are analyzed both in general and for the particular design of the telescope and its housing.