The observational study on the permanent sample plots establishes the features of spruce seed productionin 15 and 29 years after a clear cutting of birch stands with the preservation of spruce undergrowth and in 29 years with the preservation of spruce in the second tier. For comparison (as a control) we use data of spruce seed production under the canopy of birch forests at the age of 70...75 and 90...105 years. The studies are carried out in the south taiga birch forests of the sorrel and myrtillus forest type group. The analysis of spruce seed production is given for a year, which is ranked by the highest grade of seeding. In felling with the preservation of undergrowth in 15 years after the removal of a birch tier the number of seed productive spruces increases almost 3-fold compared with the control, the total number of cones increases 5-fold, the mean number of cones on a tree - by 2.3 times, that indicates a significant increase of spruce seed production. 29 years after cutting as compared to the control the number of seed productive spruces increases by 7.4 times, the number of cones - by 27 times, the average number of cones on a tree - by 4 times. In the 29 year felling with the preserved second tier of spruce (forest thinners) after birch cutting we observe a significant mortality. The number of seed productive spruces is 2.6 times less than in the clearings of the same age with the preservation of undergrowth, but 1.4 times more than the spruce seed production in the second tier of birch forests at the control. Seed productive spruces exceed an average height by 1.4-1.7 times, the average volume of crowns- by 2.8-5.7 times. These differences increase in proportion to the spruce growth in the clearings with the preservation of undergrowth and are especially noticeable in the spruce forests with the preservation of the second tier.

The original Co(001)/Pt(111) film structures are obtained by consequent thermal deposition layer with a cubic crystal lattice and Pt(111) from the target, sprayed using a magnetron sputtering technique on a single crystal substrate of MgO(001) in a vacuum of 10 -6 Torr. In the experiments,samples1Сo:3Pt and1Сo:1Pt atomicratio of the totalthickness of about 300 nm are used.Initial samples were annealed inthe temperature range fromto250 oCto850 oCinincrements of 50 for 40 minutes. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that in two-layer structures with the atomic ratio of reagents 1/3, at temperatures of annealing at T = 500 and 850 oС in the interlayer chemical interaction to form phase epitaxial cubic compounds CoPt 3 (L1 2 ) c FCC-lattice (a = 3.856 A). Annealingof thesesamestructures with 1/1lead to the formation of the second phaseCoPt(L1 0 )withtetragonal distortion, which helps to ensure ahigh value ofthe uniaxialmagnetocrystallineanisotropyconstantK 1 anddetermineseasymagnetization direction(axisc).Synthesizedsample consisting oftwomagnetic phases isthe saturation magnetization, comparable with the value ofM S for the filmL1 2 -CoPt 3 ,planaranisotropywithK 1 = 5.6 ·10 5 erg / sm3andH c ~10 3 E.Newly formedL1 0 -CoPtphasegrowsepitaxiallyon the basis ofpre-synthesized L1 2 -CoPt 3 phasewith the sameorientation relationship. The newly formedL1 0 -CoPtphasegrowsepitaxiallyon the basis ofpre-synthesized L1 2 -CoPt 3 phasewith the sameorientation relationship. Featuresfilms withatomic ratio of Co / Pt = 1/1 at T = 850 oCis the presence of“rotational” anisotropy due to the exchange interactionof twoordered phases formedCoPt (111) and CoPt 3 (111) with a ferromagneticorder andan easy axis, which can beapplied a magneticfieldto refocus. By changing the ratio of the reactantsin the system, it is possible tochange the sequence ofphase formation.

The evolution of the structural and magnetic properties in epitaxial film systems Co/Pt(111) of equiatomic composition during vacuum annealing has been presented. Annealing to the temperature of 400°C does not lead to the variation of the structural and magnetic properties of the films, which indicates the absence of considerable mixing of the Co/Pt interface. With the increase in the annealing temperature from 400 to 750°C, nanoclusters containing the main magnetically hard L10CoPt(111) phase epitaxially intergrown with the CoPt3 phase are formed. High rotatable magnetic anisotropy has been found in the prepared films. In magnetic fields above the coercive force (H > H C = 8 kOe), the easy anisotropy axis with the angle of lag taken into account can be oriented in any spatial direction. Possible mechanisms of the formation of the rotatable magnetic anisotropy have been discussed. It has been assumed that the high rotatable magnetic anisotropy makes the main contribution to the magnetic perpendicular anisotropy in Co x Pt1–x films.

The results of the investigation of the structural and magnetic properties of CoPd films with equiatomic composition have been presented. The films have been synthesized by vacuum annealing of polycrystalline Pd/Co and epitaxial Pd/α-Co(110) and Pd/β-Co(001) bilayer samples. It has been shown that, for all samples, the annealing to 400°C does not lead to the mixing of layers and the formation of compounds. A further increase in the annealing temperature results in the formation of a disordered CoPd phase at the Pd/Co interface, which is fully completed after annealing at 650°C. The epitaxial relationships between the disordered CoPd phase and the MgO(001) substrate are determined as follows: CoPd(110)〈\(\bar 111\)