The aim of the study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of single and repeated nitric oxide (NO) exposure on the major pathogens of nosocomial pneumonia isolated from the sputum of cardiac surgery patients.Materials and Methods. A 24-hour culture of microorganisms from pan-resistant isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae from the sputum of inpatient cardiac surgery patients with nosocomial pneumonia, as well as strains of P. aeruginosa and E. coli from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), were exposed to 200 ppm NO (experimental sample) or medical air (control sample) in a sealed chamber for 30 minutes. After a single or 4 repeated gas exposure at 4 h intervals, Petri dishes were placed in a thermostat at 37°C and the results were evaluated at 24 and 48 h or at 12, 24, 36 and 48 h, respectively. Grown colonies were counted using an automated colony counter and recorded as CFU/mL.Results. No growth of clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa and E. coli was observed 24 and 48 h after a single exposure to NO. Growth of A. baumannii was lower compared to controls at 24 h but continued at 48 h. No effect of a single exposure to 200 ppm NO on other microorganisms was observed. After 4 exposures to NO, the growth of ATCC E. coli was not detected, the growth of other experimental strains was significantly lower compared to the control (P<0.05).Conclusion. Our results provide a rationale for the use of multiple intermittent inhalation of 220 ppm NO for the treatment of patients with hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia.

The objective of the study is to consider the possibility of applying the nanosecond electron beam for disinfecting wastewater. The advantages of this method have been illustrated. The mechanism of influence of ionizing radiation on cells has been described. The microbial suspension has been irradiated with the electron accelerator, and then the effectiveness of the electron beam as a disinfecting agent has been assessed. In most cases there has been a bactericidal effect, while in some cases a bacteriostatic effect has been observed. On the example of E. coli culture, it has been shown that the nanosecond electron beam is an effective disinfecting agent for the of wastewater treatment.

Normal microflora of oral cavity mucosa reflecting the state of the body colonizated resistance has been investigated in lung cancer patients under conditions of anti-tumor chemotherapy. Local anti-infectious factors of oral cavity have been also studied. Bio-correction in treatment and prevention of infectious complications under conditions of cyclic anti-tumor chemotherapy has been proved to be necessary for lung cancer patients.

Feasibility of using hyperbaric oxygenation and ozontherapy with the aim to correct parameters of skin anti-inflammatory protection and microecology for breast cancer patients after chemotherapy has been studied. Oxygentherapy performed after specific treatment has been shown to contribute to the increase in skin acidity and bactericidal action, reduction in the extent of microbial dissemination and replacement of pathogenic microorganisms by those of indigenous microflora.

We have examined one of the main components of the mechanism of purulent-inflammation complications in surgical patients. It is normal microflora which reflects the condition of colonization resistance of the organism which is a leading mechanism of opposition to hospital infections. We have established changes of microflora of different biotopes of the organism in dependence on pathologic focus localization and of the period after the surgery. Complex approach to the investigation of colonization resistance allowed to discover not only dysbiotic changes but disturbances of some immunological mechanisms of total and local antiinfectious protection in surgical patients. It is desirable to combine selective decontamination with taking drugs which normalize indigenous micro-flora of the host (special diets, growth stimulators of normal microflora representatives, eubiotics) and immune-stimulating therapy.

Feasibility of administering cropanol, agent of biological origin, for the correction of normal microflora in breast cancer patients under conditions of anti-tumor chemotherapy has been studied. Administration of cropanol has been found to result in decrease in amount of microorganisms carrying signs of pathogenicity. Moreover, parameters of skin bactericidal action and acidity become normal.