The article deals with a retrospective study devoted to the combined methods of myocardial support in cardiosurgi-cal patients with chronic heart failure (III-IY FC according to NYHA) and low myocardial reserves capacity (LVEF 28.3±9.4%). This methods include pharmacologic (Levosimendan) and mechanical support (IABP). During the work we have analyzed data of 116 patients and measured pressure in the pulmonary artery (mmHg), end-systolic volume (ESV, ml), end-diastolic volume (EDV, ml), stroke volume output (SVO, ml), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, %). We evaluated the level of valvular insufficiency and pulmonary hypertension (PH) and BNP concentration (pg/ml). The following indications for the usage of pharmacological and/or mechanical myocardial support were identified: 1) Preventive usage of pharmacological and/or mechanical myocardial support is recommended for patients with CHF III-IY FC (NYHA) and low left ventricular EF( <35%), significant valvular insufficiency, PH, PICS (postinfarction cardiosclerosis); 2) The certain method of the support can be chosen with the help of Levosimendan infusion testing; 3) In case one of the above mentioned indications (point 1) or in case of mild reaction to levosimendan infusion in patients with the lesions of more than 2 coronary arteries (including the trunk of the left coronary artery) the usage of combined support is recommended; 4) In case of < 6 scores according to EUROSCORE scale, lesions of 2 or more coronary arteries, tricuspid insufficiency (TriI), PH, and high pressure in pulmonary artery (higher than the 2nd degree), high end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume of LV the isolated usage of levosimendan is recommended; 5) In case of significant ischemic heart disease, PICS, lesions of more than 2 coronary arteries, (including the trunk of the left coronary artery) but without significant decrease of pressure in the pulmonary artery, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume and TriI the isolated usage of IABP is recommended.

Thе article deals with fundamental stages of resuscitation and intensive therapy development in reconstructive surgery during 50 years of Petrovsky National Research Centre of RAMS functioning. Appreciation was given to academician of RAMS R.N.Lebedeva for outstanding services in local public health, as organizer of the one of the first specialized resuscitation and intensive care departments in our country. Researches in the department are traditionally oriented to the diagnostic methods development, prevention and intensive care of vital functions violations in patients after reconstructive operations. It helped to limit contraindications for surgery and to implement radical surgery in patients with severe concomitant diseases, as well as to reduce the number of postoperative complications and mortality.

A comparative analysis of preoperative risk factors and postoperative period flow in patients older than 70 years (58 people) in comparison with control group aged 40-63 years (62 patients), undergoing myocardial revasculization was conducted.. Significantly higher rates of rhythm disturbances, arterial hypertension, lung diseases, chronic renal insufficiency, atherosclerotic carotid artery disease, lower limb atherosclerotic disease were found in patients older than 70 years preoperatively. It leads to postoperative complications and requires special preoperative correction. Complications incidence after CABG was higher by 1.7 times in patients older than 70 versus control group. The most frequent complications were: rhythm disturbances (in 5 times more often, than control group), respiratory failure (which in 70% of cases was caused by COPD), cerebral complications (in 2,5 times more often, than in control group). Myocardial revasculization surgery in elderly patients is effective treatment method and can be performed with good immediate results.