The article is devoted to the analysis of the problem of urolithiasis. Particular attention is paid to the issues of polyethiologic and multifactoriality of the pathogenesis of urolithiasis. The authors state their views on the current state of the problem of general prophylaxis and the specific metaphylactics of urolithiasis. It is pointed out that modern methods of metaphylaxis allow to significantly reduce the activity of stone formation and the number of relapses of the disease after surgical interventions. The authors believe that one of the new solutions to the problem of prophylaxis and metaphylaxis of urolithiasis is the development of a method of systemic metaphylaxis, which should be constructed within the framework of the theory of sanogenesis. The article theoretically substantiates the necessity of using pharmacological preparations having adaptogenic action. The authors believe that, in addition to the renal risk factors for urolithiasis, extrarenal risk factors should be identified. The possibility of applying 0.06% sodium hypochlorite solution to reduce the lithogenic potential of urine, improve the efficiency of the tubular apparatus of the kidney, and eliminate the extrarenal risk factors for urolithiasis is discussed.

The article is devoted to theoretical investigation of the role of adaptation and sanogenesis in the practice of medicine, namely to urology. The problem of adaptation is considered from the theoretical standpoint of physiology of functional systems developed by P. K. Anohina. Emphasizes the leading role of the Central nervous system in the formation of protective-adaptive mechanisms and adaptation. The article discusses the subject and objectives of adaptation medicine, the methodology to control system reactions, ways of influence on homeostasis and metabolism.The article is designed for practicing urologists, physiologists and pathophysiologists, administrative staff and doctors of other specialties.

The article is devoted to the study of functional and endocrine-metabolic correlation dependencies in response to parenteral administration of physiological solution and 0.06% sodium hypochlorite solution in the experiment in rats. The study was performed on 35 white mongrel rats weighing 249-450 grams. In the group of intact animals was 5 rats, they were not subjected to any effects. The control group consisted of 15 rats, they intraperitoneally injected 1.5 ml of a 0.9% solution of sodium chloride during 4 days. The experimental group consisted of 15 rats, they intraperitoneally injected 1.5 ml of 0.06% (2.2-2.5 mg / kg / day) solution of sodium hypochlorite during 4 days.Experimental studies showed that in the control and study groups there were two different metabolic processes: normal metabolism in the control group and hypocatabolic metabolism in the study group. The vector unidirectionality in the comparison groups was observed only in the analysis of the change in the concentration of parathyroid hormone. The decrease in the level of cortisol and aldosterone in the blood of the animals in the study group was accompanied by a strong direct correlation with the excreted fraction of uric acid, the excreted fraction of magnesium and the concentration of uric acid in the urine, a moderate direct dependence on the excreted calcium fraction and the concentration of calcium in the urine, weak direct dependence on the excreted fraction of phosphorus and the concentration of phosphorus in the urine. The study of the role of cortisol and aldosterone as an extrarenal risk factor for the formation of urinary stones can contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis and the development of new methods for the prevention and metaphylaxis of urolithiasis

Статья посвящена сравнительной оценке эффективности метода интракорпорального и экстракорпорального непрямого электрохимического окис- ления крови 0,06% раствором гипохлорита натрия в отношении снижения литогенных свойств мочи у урологических больных с мочекаменной болезнью. Экстракорпоральная обработка крови 0,06% раствором ГН оказалась более эффективной в отношении воздействия на кальциевый и пуриновый обмен по сравнению с интракорпоральным НЭХО крови. Снижение литогенных свойств мочи в настоящем исследовании проводилось в рамках концепции систем- ной профилактики и метафилактики мочекаменной болезни.

Study of the influence of sodium hypochlorite (SH) on the amount of the excreted fraction of filtered sodium in the experiment and in patients of the urological clinic with urolithiasis and chronic renal failure (CRF). The experimental part of the work was performed on 15 white mongrel rats weighing 160-260 grams. The clinical part of the study was carried out in three groups of patients with urolithiasis complicated by the development of CRF in the latent, compensated and terminal stages. All patients underwent indirect electrochemical blood oxidation (IEBO) sessions with 0.06% solution of SH at a dose of 2.0-3.0 mg / kg / day. The dynamics of the excreted fraction of filtered sodium was studied. As a result of the conducted experiment on animals it was possible to prove the presence of a dose-dependent effect of SH on the functional capacity of the renal tubules. The metabolic effect of the systemic action of SH with IEBO was most effective in the group of patients with compensated stage chronic renal insufficiency. During the 7th day of observation both glomerular, and tubular functions of renal nephrons improved. The partial functions of the kidneys regarding the excretion of sodium and potassium were reliably reduced to normal. The correlation between these functions was strong and reliable. Thus, IEBO with 0,06% solution of SH in patients with urolithiasis and CRF at a glomerular filtration rate of 30-49 ml / minute improves the function of the renal tubules and increases the reabsorption of sodium, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the lithogenic properties of the final urine.

Статья посвящена изучению влияния гипохлорита натрия (ГН) на регуляцию иммунного ответа у больных с острым пиелонефритом и синдромом системного воспалительного ответа. Клинические исследования показали, что ГН обладает кратковременным, управляемым, дозозависимым иммунодепрессивным эффектом в отношении моноцитов, лимфоцитов и нейтрофилов. ГН способен ограничивать клеточные и гуморальные факторы иммунной защиты в условиях чрезмерной микробной нагрузки у больных с острым пиелонефритом и клиническими проявлениями синдрома системного воспалительного ответа. ГН вызывает активацию иммунной системы после однократного воздействия на 3-4-е и 7-10-е сутки, которая выражается в увеличении количества всех субпопуляций лимфоцитов на 5-21%, усилением пролиферативной активности лимфоцитов на 28% и достоверным увеличением эффекторной функции активированных Т-лимфоцитов в 1,72 раза.