РЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ БРЮШНОЙ СТЕНКИ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ЗАДНЕЙ СЕПАРАЦИОННОЙ ПРОТЕЗИРУЮЩЕЙ ПЛАСТИКИ В ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТЕПаршиков В.В. 1,2, Зарубенко П

8590% of the elderly people are diagnosed with spondyloarthrosis There are various synonyms for this disease in the literature: facet syndrome, facet pain syndrome, arthrosis of the intervertebral joints, zygapophysial joint arthrosis and spondyloarthropathy. The article analyzes the pathogenesis, clinical picture and methods of diagnosis of this disease. Modern types of conservative and surgical treatment are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of the surgical methods for the facet syndrome treatment are analyzed: instrumental denervation (radio frequency, laser, etc.), chemical denervaion and intraarticular administration of drugs. The results of our own clinical work are presented. The facet joint denervation appears to be a productive minimally invasive method of treatment of the reflex forms of spondyloarthrosis. In the early and long-term postoperative period, it leads to a persistent decrease in the intensity of pain and improvement of the quality of life with a low risk of perioperative complications.

Pain in the lumbar spine is the most common among people of working age. All open surgery, including endoscopic, to eliminate a disc-radicle conflict, associated with a large number of complications. This increasingly encourages doctors to use conservative and minimally invasive techniques. This article presents modern methods of treatment of facet syndrome: chemical denervation, radiofrequency ablation, intraarticular injection of drugs into the cavity in the intervertebral joints. Further research work revealed modern methods of treatment of elimination of a disc-radicle conflict: chemical denervation of the disc, chemonucleolysis, mechanical decompression, intradiscal used electrothermal therapy, laser nucleotomy, hydrodiscectomy, nucleoplasty, laser disc reconstruction. The pathogenetic substantiation of the above methods is considered, the positive and negative sides of each of them are revealed. Presented their own clinical results the Results showed a 70-80% efficiency in the next observation period without serious complications.

Оver the past 70 years, the number of victims with spinal cord injury has increased by 200 times.Russia annually recorded about 8-9 thousand cases of spinal cord injury, in 80% of cases it is the prerogative of persons of 15-45 years.The problem of treatment of victims with spinal injury is an acute problem of domestic neurosurgery.The article presents a review of the literature on the errors of neurosurgical treatment of injuries of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.Of the main tactical errors, the authors identified inadequate instrumental fixation in extremely unstable fractures (type B and C).The paper deals with the causes of post-traumatic deformation of the spine.The following tactical errors are also identified: inadequate decompression, failure or failure in deformation correction, purposeful destruction of the rear support column.Technical errors: violations in the technique of metal implantation, fracture and malposition of rods; fracture, dislocation and malposition of transpedicular screw.Close attention is paid to the mistakes made by the patient and the shortcomings of metal structures.Particular interest is paid to infectious (pneumonia, uroinfection, bedsores, suppuration of postoperative wounds) and neurological (liquorrhea, durotomy, radiculopathy) complications.The causes of these complications were studied in detail and measures to reduce them were proposed.In conclusion, the authors proposed ways to reduce the complications of surgical treatment of spinal cord injury.

Из-за увеличения числа транспортных средств, модернизации и бурного развития травмоопасных отраслей промышленности количество травматических повреждений позвоночника прогрессивно увеличивается. Повреждения шейного отдела позвоночника составляют 55-80% в структуре всех травм позвоночного столба. В статье подробно изучена эпидемиология и социальная значимость хлыстовой травмы шейного отдела позвоночника. Рассмотрены основные причины и механизм развития травмы шейного отдела позвоночника. Выделены возможные этиологические факторы, приводящие к развитию болевого синдрома. Досконально описана клиническая картина хлыстовой травмы шейного отдела позвоночника. Проанализированы теории патогенеза развития многообразных и полиморфных клинических проявлений хлыстовых повреждений шеи, таких как координаторные нарушения движений и постурального контроля, вестибулярные и глазодвигательные расстройства, вегетативные, аффективные, поведенческие и когнитивные нарушения. В данной научной работе подробно описано лечение данного вида патологии, основанное на ряде исследований. Относительно обоснованными лечебными рекомендациями в остром периоде хлыстовой травмы можно считать лишь мероприятия по ранней активизации пациента и восстановлению физиологического объема движений в шейном отделе позвоночника. Отсутствие единых алгоритмов диагностики и лечения хлыстовой травмы шейного отдела позвоночника требует проведения дополнительных исследований.