This study presents a comprehensive techno-economic and environmental assessment of wind energy potential across representative regions of Morocco to support renewable energy planning and decarbonization strategies. Five locations were selected to represent major Moroccan wind regimes including Mediterranean coastal, Atlantic trade-wind corridors, inland plateau climates, and Saharan transition zones. Wind resource characterization was conducted using probabilistic modelling based on Weibull distributions derived from long-term wind datasets. Nine commercial wind turbines operating at hub heights of 50 m and 80 m were evaluated to estimate key performance indicators including annual energy production, capacity factor, levelized cost of electricity, and net present value. The results reveal strong spatial variability in wind potential. Coastal sites demonstrate the highest performance, with capacity factors exceeding 40

This study assesses the thermodynamic, economic, and environmental performance of an Organic Rankine Cycle system for geothermal energy recovery at the Moulay Yacoub geothermal field in Morocco. The aim is to optimize medium-enthalpy geothermal resources and provide a sustainable, efficient energy solution aligned with Moroccan energy transition goals. Key findings demonstrate that the proposed system achieves an optimal exergy efficiency of 35.58

In general, agriculture plays a crucial role in human survival as a primary source of food, alongside other sources such as fishing. Unfortunately, global warming and other environmental issues, particularly in less privileged nations, hamper the Agricultural sector. It is estimated that a range of 720 to 811 million individuals experienced food insecurity. Today's agriculture faced significant difficulties and obstacles, as do the surveillance and monitoring systems (climate, energy, water, fields, works, cost, fertilizers, diseases, etc.). The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the susceptibilities and insufficiencies inherent in worldwide food systems. Current agricultural practices tend to prioritize productivity and profitability over environmental conservation and long-term sustainability. To establish sustainable agriculture capable of meeting the needs of a projected ten billion people in the next 30 years, substantial structural and automation changes are required. However, these obstacles can be overcome by employing smart technologies and advancing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in agricultural operations. AI is believed to contribute to global sustainability goals in multiple sectors, particularly in the incorporation of renewable energy. It is anticipated that AI will revitalize both existing and new agricultural fields by retrofitting, installing and integrating automatic devices and instruments. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the most promising and novel applications of AI in the agriculture industry. Furthermore, the role of AI in the transition to sustainability and precision agriculture is investigated.

This study investigates the 4E performance of small-scale (<100 kW), low-temperature (<179 C) Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technology, comparing two distinct configurations using different working fluids and heat sources. The work utilizes experimental methods to analyse the efficiency of the ORC systems, focusing on variables such as evaporation temperature and pressure drop across the heat exchanger. Various working fluids and heat sources are tested to evaluate their impact on performance using CoolProp libraries.The results reveal that the ideal evaporation temperature for maximizing overall performance and efficiency is between 140 and 150 C. Higher pressure drop across the heat exchanger improves heat transfer, thermal ef-ficiency, and power output, but increases pumping requirements and reduces overall effectiveness. Among the tested heat sources, the Dynalene SF exhibits the best performance, followed by therminol T72, T66, geothermal water, and Paratherm HE. The most suitable working fluids for commercial ORC units are R245fa and hexam-ethyldisiloxane (MM), providing excellent thermodynamic properties and low environmental impact. Compar-atively, the superheated ORC system using R245fa outperforms the MM, achieving higher net efficiency (7.29%), greater network generation (20.29%), and improved exergy efficiency (20.54%). The economic viability of the recuperative system is evident from the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) range of 12.4-14.5 (cents/kWh), with an average Total Installed Cost (TIC) of 354.5 k$. These results showcase the system's competitiveness in providing cost-effective electricity generation, reaffirming its potential as a financially viable option for sus-tainable energy solutions.The objective is to explore the use of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technology as an alternative to steam Rankine cycle for low-power and lower-temperature applications. Specifically, the study focuses on ORC systems with external heat sources, including geothermal, solid fuels and waste heat recovery (WHR).The novelty of this article lies in its updated analysis of the techno-economic-environmental feasibility of ORC systems for different applications, which goes beyond previous studies. It provides a systematic evaluation and comparison specifically tailored to small-scale and low-temperature operating conditions. The aim is to promote the integration of these two systems in various sectors, particularly for countries undergoing an energy transi-tion. This emphasis on the technical aspects and the specific focus on small-scale and low-temperature conditions make this study unique and valuable in advancing the understanding and application of ORC technology.

All over the world, agriculture is both the food provider and an energy-intensive consumer, basically in developing countries. Thus, energy inputs into agriculture are often from fossil origin. Nevertheless, rural development cannot be done without food security and energy independence. In line with this target, it is proposed that energy from biomass could achieve sustainability, especially in rural areas where poverty and scarcity of energy raised continually. To this end, a techno-economic analysis is progressively developed to examine the opportunity of biomass power generation to furnish clean electricity for rural areas in Morocco. The purpose of this effective work is to valorize the untapped potential of agricultural biomass waste, aiming to achieve rural sustainability and reach a stable electricity supply. For this aim, a case study was drawn at the strategic geographical region Fes-Meknes, which possesses a particular agricultural potential of 4.22 million tons, equivalent to over 0.5 Mtep/year. Performance results showed that only with olive residues, the selected power systems has the po-tential, of about 2828.11 GWh/year with an annual capacity factor of 82.5%. The system power generated in 8761 h per year can supply electricity to 254,252 households. Indeed, to compensate monthly varia-tions of electricity load and demand, the energy produced is assumed to be supplied to the national grid, and from there, recovered by the local villages. The main results of the financial model can be perceived as a total installed cost of 3755.70 $/kW. The average real and nominal LCOE of 17.23 and 15.03 cents/kWh respectively, which is exceptionally competitive to solar concentrated technology and fossil resources. Moreover, this work carried both sensitivity and parametric studies to evidence key operating and financial parameters with the most influential effect on the performance indexes. Besides, the results properly show that performance variables depend strongly on flue gas temperature and the LCOE is exceedingly sensitive to feedstock price and finance rates. (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

This paper involves a multi-level perspective to capture potential drivers and barriers of the solar water pumping in Moroccan agriculture. The effective design of such systems should consider many parameters, including the local climatic conditions, crops water requirements, and the suitable system configuration. Orderly, to gain an in-depth understanding of the conditions influencing the sector's transition toward the best energy management, three investigations are carried out: (i) a case study analysis, (ii) a comparative cost analysis, and (iii) a Strength-weakness-opportunities-treats analysis (SWOT). A general procedure for designing solar photovoltaic water pumping systems (SPVWP) is presented. To operationalize the followed theoretical approach, technical requirements, pump flow, produced energy losses, and monthly performances are estimated. Then, the simulation and non-linearity between water flow and radiation were tested to find the well-adapted system on a small scale. Illustratively, this work is strengthened through a case study to properly establish the relevance of photovoltaic systems and their performance under different utilization scenarios. The results show that an increase of 30% in annual performance and a decrease of 10% of system losses are observed when using MPPT DC converter for medium-sized crops. In terms of water use efficiency, the use of drip irrigation coupled with the direct coupling; the selected configuration is the best method to save energy and manage water, especially for small crops like tomatoes. Besides, cost comparative analysis revealed that levelized cost of water (LCOW) of SPVWP is significant, approximately in the range of 0.08US/ m3, which is very competitive comparing to other sources.