An analytical review of literary sources shows that the data provided by equipment manufacturers is insufficient for effective design. This forces us to use experimental and calculated parameter values. A WLAN design methodology has been developed that ta

The two-phase emission detector RED-100 with 130 kg of liquid xenon as a working medium has been exhibited at a distance of 19 m from the core of the VVER-1000/320 nuclear power reactor at the fourth power unit of the Kalinin Nuclear Plant Power in 2021–2022. Due to the high sensitivity of the detector for weak ionization signals (down to single electrons), the detector has been used to search for the elastic coherent scattering of reactor electron antineutrinos off xenon nuclei. However, the observation of ~30 kHz single-electron noise did not quite allow for an effective selection of the useful events. The next experiment with the RED-100 detector is considered to be arranged with 62 kg of liquid argon as a working medium. The advantages of this approach are discussed in this paper.

A magnetostatic problem arises in searching for the distribution of the magnetic field generated by magnet systems of many physics research facilities, e.g., accelerators. The domain in which the boundaryvalue problem is solved often has a piecewise smooth boundary. In this case, numerical calculations of the problem require the consideration of the solution behavior in the corner domain. In this work we obtained the upper estimation of the magnetic field growth and propose a method of condensing the differential grid near the corner domain of vacuum in case of 3-dimensional space based on this estimation. An example of calculating a real model problem for SDP NICA in the domain containing a corner point is given.

System Design and Ionization Beam Loss The world wide unique operation with high intensity, intermediate charge state heavy ions (e.g. U) is one of the most demanding features of the FAIR project [1]. Due to the high cross sections for ionisation in combination with ion induced gas desorption, significant beam loss may result from pressure bumps during the acceleration cycle. As described in [2], the SIS100 lattice has been optimised for the control of ionisation beam loss with the goal to restrict the dynamics of the residual gas pressure. For the simulation of vacuum dynamics and beam loss due to charge changing processes, the program STRAHLSIM has been developed [3]. In 2008, the beam scrubbing effect and the dependence of the pumping speed of NEG-coated and cryogenic surfaces as a function of the number of mono-layers of adsorbed gases have been accounted. Thereby, long term simulations and predictions on the ionization beam loss, the number of extracted ions, the pumping power, the number of monolayer and the mean residual gas pressure have been enabled.

The SIS100 synchrotron is designed for acceleration of high intensity beams with a pulse repetition rate of 1 Hz. The use of superferric Nuclotron-type dipoles, quadrupoles and corrector magnets is planned in the accelerator magnetic system. The magnet coils are made of hollow NbTi composite cable cooled with twophase helium flow at 4.5 K. The lattice comprises 108 dipoles, 168 quadrupoles and necessary set of steerer and multipole corrector magnets. We present recent results from the design and optimization of the SIS100 magnetic elements parameters. The manufacturing status of the full size magnets is presented. The essential features of the magnets production are discussed.

SIS100 and SIS300 are the main accelerators of the FAIR project. The two stage synchrotron concept provides maximum intensities of heavy ion and proton beams in average and per cycle. To accommodate optimal technical solutions, the structure of the magnet lattices of both machines were recently reviewed and in case of SIS300 modified. Consequently, more appropriate technical solutions for the main magnets and quench protection systems could be adapted. The general machine layout and design, e.g. of the demanding extraction schemes, have been detailed and open design issues were completed. The development and design of all major technical systems is in progress and prototyping has started or is in preparation.

The ion-optical layout of the two main synchrotrons and the high energy beam transport system of the FAIR project [1] is summarized. SIS 100 will be used to generate high intensity beams of all ion species from protons to uranium with a maximum rigidity of 100 Tm. However the ion optical layout is optimized for the operation with heavy ions of medium charge states. For this purpose we developed a new ion optical design which provides a separation of the ionized beam particles from the circulating beam in each lattice cell. The chosen lattice structure provides a peaked loss distribution and enables the suppression of beam loss induced pressure bumps. Furthermore a compact layout of the extraction systems for slow, fast and emergency extraction at 100 Tm and 300 Tm has been developed. Since both synchrotrons are situated in the same tunnel, the SIS300 ion optical layout has to match the geometrical shape of the SIS 100 precisely - although both rings use different lattice structures. The design of the beam transport system (HEBT) allows a highly efficient parallel operation of the synchrotrons, storage rings and experiments of the FAIR complex.

The first experiments with the Nuclotron Beam Slow Extraction System (BES)[1] were carried out in December 1999. After the BES commissioning, the improvement of the system was continued together with experiments on relativistic nuclear physics. At the same time, extracted beam diagnostics was intensively developed. Substantial progress in quality of the beam spill parameters was achieved.

Inclusive transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons within 0.2<p(T)<6.0 GeV/c have been measured over a broad range of centrality for Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=130 GeV. Hadron yields are suppressed at high p(T) in central collisions relative to peripheral collisions and to a nucleon-nucleon reference scaled for collision geometry. Peripheral collisions are not suppressed relative to the nucleon-nucleon reference. The suppression varies continuously at intermediate centralities. The results indicate significant nuclear medium effects on high-p(T) hadron production in heavy-ion collisions at high energy.

The data on the momentum spectra of energetically distinguished particles of a various nature for pN, pA interactions at 21 GeV/c and πN, πA interactions at 50 GeV/c are presented. Emulsions were first exposed in a pulsed magnetic field of 18 T. From comparison of the pN, πN and pA, πA data it follows that the behaviour of incident and newly generated particles in their passage through nuclear matter is different. The possibilities to study nucleus-nucleus interactions by means of emulsion exposures in pulsed magnetic fields of 30–50 T at the Nuclotron in Dubna are considered.