Relevance. Contemporary realities dictate the need to search for and create new medicines, including extracts obtained from plant raw materials. The use of medicinal plants often turns out to be more favorable in terms of economic and therapeutic effectiveness, sometimes very profitable. This is especially true with regard to drugs against infectious pathogens, since many of them have developed resistance to antibiotics. Lichens are known to contain substances with antibacterial properties. Among the extracted components from lichens, usnic acid is considered one of the most promising. Work is underway to include it in the composition of dosage forms for treatment. The development of drugs for external use that contain usnic acid is considered the most studied and preferred. The aim Design of a soft medicinal form (gel) based on vegetable raw materials of Deer moss (Cladonia rangiferina), which has an antiseptic effect. Materials and methods. The materials for the creation of an antiseptic gel were: usnic acid extract isolated from Deer moss (Cladonia rangiferina); substances that form the basis of gel dosage forms (carbopol, polyethylene glycol). 3 experimental series of gel containing usnic acid have been produced. Their organoleptic and physico-chemical properties have been studied. The results of the study. Based on the results of a series of experiments, the best composition for the preparation and production of a gel containing usnic acid was determined. It includes the following component ratios: extract of usninic acid from alcohol berry 1:10 (20 ml); carbopol (0.8 g); polyethylene glycol-6000 (0.1 g). The conclusion the optimal composition of an antiseptic gel containing usnic acid has been determined. A recipe has been compiled for the manufacture of gel based on vegetable raw materials of Deer moss.

Relevance. Contemporary pharmaceutical industry requires constant search and development of new technologies for the production of pharmacological products. At the same time, the processing of plants, which contain substances with a therapeutic effect, is a promising direction. Their use in terms of economic and therapeutic effectiveness is sometimes very beneficial. It has been proven that lichen plants contain substances that have a therapeutic effect. Organisms of the genus Cladonia, which synthesize usnic acid, among them have a special significance and application. The extraction of usnic acid from lichen biomass is carried out using various organic solvents. At the same time, it is preferable to use techniques with the lowest cost with a high quantitative yield of extractives. In addition, extracts containing bioactive substances should exhibit significant biological activity. The aim is improving the technology of extraction of usnic acid from the vegetable raw materials of Cladonia rangiferina Hoff by determining the optimal components for its extraction. Materials and methods. The material for the study is raw material of Yagel (Deer Moss)/Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. The extractive properties of the most commonly used solvents (purified water, ethyl alcohol 40, 70 and 95%) were studied, among which the most effective was identified. The content of extractive substances was determined by the gravimetric analysis method. The results of the study. According to the results of a series of experiments to study extractive capabilities, of all solvents, the maximum extractive ability of extractive substances from Cladonia rangiferina Hoff was noted for 95% ethyl alcohol (7.38%). Ethyl alcohol 70% was produced with a high extraction capacity, however, it turned out to be less effective. The conclusion was made about these methods can be used to detect biologically active substances obtained from the raw materials of Cladonia rangiferina Hoff. The obtained developments create prerequisites for the development of regulatory documentation on the procedure and position of the relevant standard or a temporary pharmacopoeia article.

Introduction. Results of original research carried out by means of high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) of various plant samples (air-dry raw material) of Dioscoreaceae, Ranunculaceae, Fabaceae, Melanthiaceae, Scrophulariaceae families are presented in this article.Aim. To carry out preliminary qualitative analysis by HPTLC method of steroidal sapogenins composition in hydrolyzed extracts, obtained from vegetative samples of above-ground and underground organs of some Dioscoreaceae, Ranunculaceae, Fabaceae, Melanthiaceae, Scrophulariaceae families.Materials and methods. Extraction from pre-dehydrated raw materials was carried out with 50 % aqueous isopropanol (c.p.) in an ultrasonic bath, followed by acidic hydrolysis of O-glycoside bonds, evaporation and redissolution of dry residue in 99 % methanol (c.p.); purification from suspended solids by filtering through filters with 20 µm perforation diameter. HPTLC was performed on apparatus complex CAMAG (Switzerland) using HPTLC Aluminium sheets Silica gel 60 F254 plates 20 × 20 cm, which were cut to the size 20 × 10 cm.Results and discussion. After scanning densitometry at 254 nm, we found that the separation of isopropanol extracts, followed by redissolution in strong methanol in this solvent system allows a fairly acceptable separation and identification of the compounds studied. Comparison of the tracks of plant extracts was performed with standard samples of steroid sapogenins, whose methanol solutions were applied to one stain-strobe of track 1, provided that they had different Rf indices and coloration after derivatization.Conclusion. Diosgenin was identified in plant extracts of rhizomes and roots of Dioscorea nipponica and Dioscorea caucasica and in seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum preliminarily. Sarsasapogenin was verified in extracts of fruits of Sophora japonica, tigogenin in extracts of seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum, herb of Pulsatilla patens and herb of Veronica officinalis. Yamogenin was detected in extracts of seeds of Trigonella foenum-graecum and herb of Veronica officinalis. This work is exploratory in nature, assessing the presence of certain saponins by their sapogenins in selected extracts. We will optimize the HPLC separation procedure and choose other detection methods to unambiguously assess the co-presence of the studied sapogenins with approximately the same staining shades after derivatization and matching retention indices: there are pairs of steroidal sapogenins that have the same retention, we decided to group them in mixtures so that there would be separation within the group and subsequent comparison with the original extracts would make it possible to identify those or other sapogenins in such extracts.

Актуальность: биологически активные субстанции, определяемые в лекарственном растении Любисток лекарственный (Levisticum officinale W.D.J. Koch), разнообразны. Среди них значительную заинтересованность для фармации имеют кумарины и их производные, поскольку имеют разносторонний лекарственный эффект. Цель исследования – обнаружение и количественное определение кумаринов в Любистоке лекарственном, произрастающем в Архангельской области, для возможного определения сырья этого растения в качестве лекарственного. Материалы и методы: определено наличие и количественное содержание кумаринов в сырье Любистока лекарственного, произрастающего на территории Архангельской области с помощью спектрофотометрического метода химического анализа. Результаты исследования: качественными пробами (лактонная, реакция с диазореактивом в щелочной среде) подтверждено наличие в корнях изучаемого растения кумаринов; количественно определено содержание кумаринов относительно общей сухой массы сырья, оно составило 0,213±0,009% (95% доверительный интервал = 0,188-0,238). Полученные результаты согласуются с данными других исследователей, средняя относительная доля кумаринов по отношению к общей массе сухого растения соотносится к среднестатистическим научным результатам (входит в интервал 0,19 до 0,52%).

Актуальность: Любисток лекарственный (Levisticum officinale) содержит многочисленные биологически активные субстанции (экстрактивные вещества), которые можно выделить с помощью гидрофильных растворителей. Они обладают широким спектром фармакологического действия. Химический состав Levisticum officinale зависит от территории произрастания. Цель исследования – индикация и количественное определение экстрактивных веществ в любистоке лекарственном, произрастающем в Архангельской области, для возможного определения сырья этого растения в качестве источника лекарственного. Материалы и методы: с помощью различных методов химического анализа (титриметрический, спектрофотометрический) определено наличие и количественное содержание экстрактивных веществ в сырье Любистока лекарственного, произраставшего на территории Архангельской области. Результаты исследования: определены экстрактивные вещества в экстрагентах различными методами экстракции; при использовании метода однократной экстракции максимальное извлечение экстрактивных веществ в сырье любистока лекарственного определено при экстрагировании водой очищенной (24,46%) и 40% этиловым спиртом (21,45%); при использовании метода многократной экстракции произошло увеличение количества извлекаемых биологически активных веществ более, чем в 2 раза, по сравнению с методом однократной экстракции (52,47 и 48,24%, соответственно). Выводы: 1. Оптимальным растворителем для извлечения биологически активных веществ с максимальным их выходом являются вода очищенная и спирт этиловый 40% в то время, как минимальное количество экстрагируемых веществ возможно при использовании этанола высоких концентраций. Для наиболее полного извлечения биологически активных веществ следует проводить многократное экстрагирование; 2. максимальное количество выделенных экстрактивных веществ, а, следовательно, и действующих веществ из сырья любистока лекарственного оказалось возможным с помощью метода многократной экстракции.

Introduction. Modern pharmacognostic research is aimed at searching for plant biologically active individual compounds (hereinafter referred to as RBAIS) isolated from plant extracts.Aim. Validation of HPLC-UV quantitative determination of sapogenin diosgenin in plant extracts from fenugreek seeds.Materials and methods. The object of study was raw materials-fenugreek seeds produced as medicinal plant raw materials by LLC «Sage» (Irkutsk). Validation of the method was carried out according to the parameters: specificity, linearity, correctness, precision in accordance with the requirements of SP XIV. One series of medicinal plant raw materials was used for the analysis, such as serial number – 010117, release date – 15 february 2017.Results and discussion. Validation characteristics were determined and their compliance with the necessary acceptance criteria was experimentally confirmed.Conclusion. It is established that the developed method of identification and quantitative determination of diosgenin in fenugreek seed extracts by HPLC-UV is correct, precise, specific and linear in the analytical field.

Steroid compounds of phytogenic origin are important in clinical medicine rendering anti-inflammatory, anti-prolifer-ative and antithrombotic actions. However, steroid compounds of phytogenic origin, in particular, steroid saponins are insufficiently studied from an identification position in tissues of vegetable organisms and methods of their physical and chemical analysis. The scientometric analysis of research data (abstract documents) containing an analytical array of scientific publications concerning isolation, selection, cleaning, identification and the quantitative definition of steroid saponins in tissues of the higher vascular plants in the abstract bibliographic database SciVerse Scopus (Elsevier publishing house) with use of criteria "key word" and "the key phrase" is provided in the article.

53 patients were under observation with acute purulent jaw odontogenic periostitis. In 27 out of them after operation as drainage material strips of napkin were used, containing as the active components metronidazol, dimexide and sodium alginate. Curative process efficacy evaluation was done according to the data of hemodynamic study (determination of the artery's diameter, maximal systolic speed and index of circulatory resistance) of the magistral face arteries. It was established that in the group of patients with rational treatment blood circulation in face arterial vessels was restored most actively than in the control group with the use of traditional treatment scheme.

150 patients with acute festering odontogenic periostitis were under observation. In 75 of them Koletex-M absorbent paper was used as draining material containing as active components metronidazole, dimexide and sodium alginate. In the control group of patients traditional schemes of treatment were used. Treatment process efficacy was estimated by microbiological and cytological studies. It was found that Koletex-M absorbent paper use reduced postoperative wound microbe semination. In 3 days the cells of regenerative series were found that led to speedy wound healing and reduction of temporary disability terms.