Materials were applied to 15-yr-old ‘Montmorency’ cherry trees in a commercial orchard near Hart, Mich. Ten treatments were replicated 4 times in a completely randomized block design. Each replicate consisted of a single tree. Treatments were applied on 15 Aug by a 32 TGM Meyer airblast sprayer traveling 2.5 mph and delivering 100 gal/acre. 50 leaf samples from each tree were taken randomly from the outer and inner canopy on 15 Aug as a precount before application and on 24 Aug, and 2 and 8 Sep. Mite counts were made from these leaves by brushing them in a mite-brushing machine and examining the resulting plates with a stereomicroscope and recording the number of mite eggs and active stages.

Materials were applied to 5-yr-old ‘Montmorency’ tart cherry trees in a commercial orchard near Sutton’s Bay, Mich. Treatments consisted of trees replicated 5 times in a completely randomized design. Materials were applied dilute to runoff to the lower trunk and to the soil in a 1-ft radius around the trunk until each area was soaked. Dates of application were 25 May (petal fall)–peak first-generation American plum borer emergence, 17 Jun–peak lesser peachtree borer emergence, and 25 Jul–peak peachtree borer emergence. Trees were evaluated by digging up the soil around the trunks with garden trowels to a depth of 10 inches and carefully examining the soil for larvae. Then the crown and upper roots were carefully examined for old and new damage and larvae. New damage was distinguished from old by the presence of fresh reddish frass and gummosis. Old damage had either no frass or dark brown frass and no gummosis. Extensive surface damage and tunneling meant that the larvae often had to be excavated with hammers and wood chisels from the roots. A damage rating of 0-3 was assigned for no, slight, moderate, and heavy damage and averaged as an index of values 1-3. This index does not distinguish between old and new damage.

Materials were applied to 30-yr-old ‘Montmorency’ tart cherry trees in an abandoned orchard near Mears, Mich. Treatment consisted of single unreplicated blocks of approximately 0.5 acre each. Treatments were applied with a 32 TGM Meyer airblast sprayer traveling 2.5 mph and delivering 100 gal/acre. All treatments were applied first at petal fall on 19 May for GFW and CU control and then again on 23 Jun and 5 and 19 Jul, beginning 1 wk after the first ammonia acetate yellow sticky board trap catch and continuing through to harvest. Early season GFW and CU evaluations were made on 2 Jun before the damaged cherries could fall to the ground. One hundred cherries per tree were examined for injury from 5 central trees of the block for a total of 500 cherries/treatment. Defoliation ratings for GFW damage were based on a 0-5 scale with a 5 denoting consistent and noticeable defoliation. Late season evaluations of the mature fruit for larvae consisted of blending 8 pints/treatment of cherries in a blender and seiving the resulting slurry to remove the pulp. The remaining material was then examined for larvae. Two control blocks, each at opposite’ends of the field, were used to better estimate differences in the population due to location or soil.

Materials were applied to 8-yr-old ‘Concord’ grapevines at the research station. Seven treatments were replicated 4 times in a completely randomized block design. Each replicate consisted of a single 40-ft row of 12 vines. Treatments were applied with a 32 TGM Meyer airblast sprayer traveling at 2.5 mph and delivering 50 gal/acre. Applications were made on the following dates: 27 Jun (petal fall), 8 Jul, 21 Jul, 2 Aug, 16 Aug, 30 Aug, and 12 Sep. For evaluation, 25 bunches/replicate were picked and evaluated in the field for the presence of GBM damage or webbing.

A randomized complete block design with 4 replications per treatment vas used. Each block consisted of a 50-ft section of row with approximately 12 bushes and each replicate had at least 1 buffer row between it and the next reatment. Insecticides were applied dilute with handgun at 400 gal/acre with the timing based on adult catch with a new experimental pheromone. Application lates were 2, 12, and 25 Jun. Evaluations on 7 Jul consisted of examining 100 randomly sampled berries/block for a total of 400 berries/treatment.

Insecticides were applied to 40-yr-old ‘Concord’ grapes in a semiabandoned vineyard. Rows were 9 ft apart and vines were 6 ft apart within the row. Each treatment was replicated 4 times in a completely randomized block with each block consisting of 10 vines in a row with at least 1 buffer row between each replicate. Treatments were applied with a 32 TMG Meyer airblast sprayer traveling 4.83 km/hr and delivering 50 gal/acre. Applications were timed according to pheromone trap catch for both generations. The dates of insecticide application were 2, 14, and 25 Jun; 7 and 21 Jul; 3, 17, and 28 Aug; and 9 Sept. The fungicide program consisted of Bayleton 50WP at 86 g/acre which was included in the last 6 insecticide application dates listed above, starting with 7 Jul. The treatments were evaluated by examining 25 randomly picked clusters from each replicate for a total of 100 clusters/treatment.