The increasing intensity of the sanctions pressure of Western countries on the Russian Federation as a locomotive ensuring the economic growth of the EAEU, as well as on the Republic of Belarus, the prospects of falling under secondary sanctions of other member countries of the Union, are inevitably reflected in the physical and economic availability of food both in each of the EAEU member countries and in the Union as a whole. The new situation requires an objective analysis of the potential for ensuring food security.Aim and tasks. To characterize the state and dynamics of agricultural production in the context of achieving food security of the EAEU member states for the period from 2014 to 2023.Methods. Based on official statistics from the Department of Statistics of the Eurasian Economic Commission, the Interstate Statistical Committee of the CIS and the national statistical committees of the EAEU member states, comparative analytics and descriptive statistics were used to assess the current state and analyze trends in agricultural production in the EAEU.Results. It has been revealed that the risks of food security in each of the EAEU member states are significantly reduced in the integration space, which is primarily facilitated by mutual provision of certain food products. At the same time, the determinant of food security of the EAEU is undoubtedly the sustainable development of agriculture, which has ensured the growth of physical availability of food products in the Union countries. Self-sufficiency in basic agricultural products at the Union level is assessed as high. However, a number of Union member countries have recorded risks for self-sufficiency in certain products of their own production, associated with possible interruptions in imports in the event of unforeseen situations.Conclusions. The risks associated with global food security are growing significantly in the world. The value of food resources, which some experts recognize as the “new oil”, is increasing [2]. Productive and stable growing agriculture in the EAEU is not only the basis for ensuring food security, but also the driver of sustainable macroeconomic development of both the Union as a whole and the EAEU member states.

One of the reasons for the heavy hindering of the socio-economic development of modern Russia – is a new protracted wave of depopulation. In this regard, it is relevant and practically significant to analyze basic problems in the strategic management of demographic development and impartially assess the effectiveness of the tasks solved in this area, primarily in the field of birth rate growth. The article focuses on reviewing the core regulatory document in the field of demography – the Concept of the Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025. A number of its imperfections admitted at the development stage are identified, and directions for improving the document are proposed. The article assesses the dynamics of several core target demographic indicators and attempts to identify problems and factors affecting the birth rate in the country. The correlations assessment confirmed the importance of social support measures and regional maternity capital for achieving the increase in the birth rate, which is essential for overcoming depopulation processes in society. A serious barrier to demographic development has been identified, caused by the widespread practice of postponing childbearing, which has demonstrated stability in the younger generation, regardless of the self-assessment of their standard of living. Against this background, the transformation of the fertility age model was determined – the modal age of mothers for fifteen years has shifted by more than five years. There is a positive confirmation of the connection between the intention of young people to marry and their desire to have a child, which seems essential for family well-being and forms the prerequisites for further demographic development, based on the calculated Pearson and Chuprov's mutual contingency coefficients.

For the HED@FAIR project, NRC “Kurchatov Institute” — IHEP creates four quadrupole magnets with a unique combination of a large internal diameter of the superconducting winding and a high magnetic field gradient in the magnet aperture. To evaluate these superconducting magnets in different operation modes (cooling, maintaining operating parameters, heating, and transitioning magnet to the normal state), a cryogenic facility equipped with a diagnostic system was created. The main measured parameters of the unit were temperature, pressure, and vacuum in the equipment and pipelines, levels of liquid helium and liquid nitrogen, level of the gas holder, and helium flow rate. The control devices were represented by valves with electric and valves. For processing incoming signals from sensors and generation of control actions, the equipment of the domestic company OVEN was used, particularly analog input modules MV110, discrete output modules MU110, and interface converters alternating current four and direct current power supplies. The critical part of the diagnostics system, namely, the control of cryogenic valves, was provided through analog output modules NI 9219 and input modules NI 9212 (feedback) of the CompactRIO chassis. The program part of the installation for the study of superconducting quadruples is a mnemonic diagram with interactive graphic elements, physically located on the computer (operator console), and available in the read mode via the remote desktop protocol to users outside the installation. The mnemonic scheme allows the manual control of the plant’s valves and the automatic regulation of some indicators, depending on the settings assigned by the operator. The dynamics of the processes can be monitored with graphs on the right side of the interface. These graphs are displayed on a separate display at the operator’s console, whereas they are displayed on a unified screen for remote users.

Superconducting wide aperture high gradient quadrupoles for final focusing system of the HED@FAIR beamline are developed as a part of the collaboration contract between FAIR and NRC ”Kurchatov Institute”–IHEP. Before the shipment to FAIR all manufactured quadrupoles are need to pass Factory Acceptance Tests (FAT) including cold tests to ensure that they are complied with contract specifications. Test facility for cold test of these quadrupoles is created at NRC ”Kurchatov Institute”–IHEP. General description of test facility and information about its design and main characteristics are presented in the article.

It is shown that for discrete liquid-helium level-meter sensors, based on TVO resistors with a rated power of 0.125 W and rated resistance value of 1 kΩ, one can attain a helium-level measurement error of ±0.5 mm for the horizontal TVO resistor disposition and ±2 mm for the vertical one.

The studies are carried out, which made it possible to find the necessary schematic of cooling the superconducting fast cycling magnets of the SIS300 accelerator and to optimize the parameters of this scheme. The heat loads at the temperature level of liquid helium and the methods of the adjustment of the cooling capacity of the system are determined in accordance with the design of superconducting magnets and their operating mode. Studies showed that 4 additional helium heat exchangers in the SIS300 cooling system ensure the required magnets temperature margin of about 1 K. The dependence of the maximum temperature of the helium single-phase flow at the exit from the dipole magnets on the helium flow rates ratio in the channels of the magnet is determined.

The Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR) being under construction in Germany as an international project is a cascade of accelerators; two last accelerators from this cascade will be made with the use of superconducting magnets. The large volume of the executed work on the SIS300 superconductive equipment allowed to start the estimation of the basic parameters of SIS300 cooling system. On the base of many research notes and calculations the item-by-item heat load budget at the helium level is composed. Cooling system flow diagram is proposed, the calculated single phase helium profiles along the string of magnets are presented and discussed. Helium flow pressure drop along the string of magnets during cooling down is calculated on the basis of temperature wave model and cooling down time of the accelerator is estimated. GENERAL COOLING SCHEME OF SC MAGNETS According to [1], all SIS300 magnets will be divided into two equal cryogenic strings, each one to be supplied with separate flow of single-phase helium. Based on this, following flow scheme is proposed for cryostating the string of superconducting (SC) magnets (Fig.1). In this scheme single-phase (supercritical) helium from the helium refrigerator is cooled in the subcooler and enters the string of the magnets, where it is heated due to the heat leaks and heat release, and simultaneously it is cooled in the heat exchangers located in the dipoles. Figure 1: Flow scheme proposed for cryostating the string of SIS300 superconducting magnets. At the end of the magnet string the single-phase helium is throttled in the J-T valve CV1, and it is converted into two-phase helium, which flows through the dipole heat exchangers of the magnet string into the subcooler. In the subcooler two-phase helium is separated to the vapor and liquid. Liquid helium is used for cooling single-phase helium in the heat exchanger of subcooler and helium vapor returns to the refrigerator. The flow scheme is considered functional if one of the main conditions for the cryostating is satisfied: the quality _________________________________________________________________________________________ *Work supported by ROSATOM, contract Н.4е.45.03.10.1027 factor x of the two-phase flow of helium at the exit from the magnet string is less than or equal to 0.95 (for Fig. 1 x4≤0.95). This is necessary for the stable heat exchange between the two-phase and single-phase flows of helium in the heat exchangers of dipole magnets. Heat balance equations for the flow scheme in Fig. 1 at the conditions of maintaining the fixed level of liquid helium L by the control valve CV1 (CV2 is closed) and of zero flow rate through the current leads at point 5: G1* i1+QD+QS = G1* i2 (1), G1* i3+QD+QS = G1* i4 (2), where i enthalpy of helium flow; G1 – helium mass flow rate; QD and QS – AC losses and static heat leaks. From equations (1) and (2): i4 = i3+i2-i1 (3). Equation (3) clearly shows that parameters of helium flow in point 4 at the exit from the magnet string, including its quality factor, do not depend on the heat leaks and heat release values, but depend only on the input/output parameters of the subcooler (points 1 and 2, Fig. 1). For the values given in table 10, using the thermodynamic properties of helium tables [2], one could obtain quality factor at the string exit x4=0.951, which practically corresponds to the requirement of x4≤0.95. In fact, due to the presence of certain helium flow for cooling of current leads (point 5, Fig. 1), quality factor at the string exit will be below 0.95. This quality factor can be decreased by powering the electric heater W (Fig. 1). The main part of SIS300 dipoles are about 8m length so for cooling the magnets it was decided to use singlephase (supercritical) helium, which directly washes the single-layer superconducting coil. In the upper part of the cold mass this dipole magnet the heat exchanger is located, in which single-phase helium is cooled by two-phase helium. Thus, in each dipole magnet the heat released in the superconducting coil is removed by single-phase helium and the heat from the single-phase helium is removed by two-phase helium [3], [4]. Heat load on the cryogenic system from the cryomodules and the multipoles is considerably less in comparison with the load from the dipoles; therefore cooling of the single-phase flow by two-phase flow is not arranged in their designs. This means that in the cryomodules and in the multipoles both the heat release and the heat leak are removed only by single-phase flow. HEAT LOAD OF SIS300 CRYOGENIC SYSTEM. PARAMETERS OF THE MAIN HELIUM FLOWS Below we will consider the cryogenic system heat load at the helium level (~4.5 K) only, as the thermal shields heat load at 50-80 K in the allowable range does not effect the functionality of SC magnets. Proceedings of RuPAC-2010, Protvino, Russia THCHC03 07 Accelerator Technology Main Systems

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The superconducting dipoles developed as part of the UNK project have reached a magnetic field 6 T at a rate of up to 0.8 T/sec. Experimental data are presented on the conditioning, rate dependences, and dynamic losses for magnets with two types of superconducting cable (zebra and oxide). Possible ways to decrease the heat release in a dipole operating in rapid-cycling magnetic fields are examined. The results of an analysis of heat release and temperature conditions are presented for a dipole with a winding made of improved current-carrying components.

Test of HTS dipole with coil wound by Bi-2223 tape was carried out. Volt-current characteristics of the dipole at various temperatures as well as results of magnetic field measurements are presented. A process of transition to normal state for the HTS coil was calculated.