This study examined the glucose and insulin response of ingesting whey protein bars using a plant fiber (isomalto‐oligosaccharides, IMO) as the carbohydrate source. In a randomized and crossover manner, 10 healthy men and women (4 female, 6 male; BMI <24.9 kg/m2) donated fasting blood samples prior to ingesting two food bars (FB) each containing 20 g of a whey protein blend, 25 g of carbohydrate (13 g IMO, 4 g sugar, 8 g fiber), and 7 g of fat (1.5g saturated) or 50 g of dextrose (PLA). The experiment was repeated 7 to 10 days later while ingesting the alternative treatment. Blood samples were taken at 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min post‐ingestion while subjective ratings related to appetite and hypoglycemia were obtained at 0, 60 and 120 min. Data were analyzed by general linear model statistics and are presented as mean [95% CI] changes from baseline. Results revealed that the glycemic response to ingestion of the FB was significantly lower during the first 60 min following ingestion in comparison to the dextrose PLA. Glucose and insulin levels peaked 30 minutes after ingestion; interestingly FB ingestion only marginally increased glucose from baseline for ten minutes. The overall AUC for glucose was significantly lower in FB treatment (530 ± 48, PLA 697 ± 67 mmol‐h/L, p<0.001). No significant differences were observed between treatments in the overall insulin AUC (FB 4,185 ± 1,934, PLA 3,888 ± 707 μIU/mL‐h/L, p=0.65). The glucose integrated AUC (iAUC) change from baseline was significantly lower with FB ingestion (FB 65 [49, 82], PLA 209 [170, 244] mmol‐h/L, p<0.001) while no differences were observed between treatments in insulin iAUC responses. In comparison to the dextrose standard, the FB had an iAUC derived glycemic index (GI) of 34 [CI 23, 46] and a glycemic load (GL) of 8.5 [CI 5.6, 11.6]. Participants also reported significantly less subjective ratings of appetite and hunger and greater satisfaction from food and feeling of fullness in both studies. No significant differences over time or between treatments were observed in ratings of symptoms of hypoglycemia. Results indicate that ingestion of a whey protein bar using IMO as the source of carbohydrate elicited a low glycemic response in comparison to a reference carbohydrate in healthy individuals. Thus, this FB may serve as a low glycemic food option for individuals on a low glycemic diet and/or athletes interested in optimizing nutrient availability around exercise.Support or Funding InformationExercise and Sport Nutrition Lab, Human Clinical Research Facility, Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USAThis abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

PURPOSE: To examine the short-term safety effects (7-d) of ingesting a pre-workout supplement (PWS), blood lipids and hepatorenal and muscle enzyme function before and 30-minutes following supplement ingestion. METHODS: We recruited 19 apparently healthy and recreationally active men and women (21.84±2.11 yr, 21.61±8.68 %fat, 26.94±3.84 kg/m2) with at least 6-months of resistance training, to participate in a double-blind, crossover, randomized and placebo-controlled manner. We instructed subjects to maintain their current diet and training regimens throughout the study. Supplements were (1) a dextrose placebo (PLA, 12 g/d); (2) a PWS supplement containing 5mg tetramethyluric acid, 4.7g B-alanine, 1.6g creatine nitrate, 1.0g arginine AKG, 250mg ascorbic acid, 150mg N-acetyl tyrosine, 150mg caffeine; or (3) PWS at ~150% dosage (PWS150) of the base formula for seven days, interspersed with 7-d of washout. On Day 1 (acute) and Day 7 (chronic), subjects were measured fasted (12 h), before ingesting their respective supplements. Testing also included a series of bench press, (BP), leg press (LP), and Wingate tests initiated 30-min after supplement ingestion. Data were analyzed using a repeated measure MANOVA. RESULTS: Overall, we observed no significant within or between group alterations for any biomarkers associated with glucose; bloods lipids including total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, triglycerides; kidney enzymes including creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN); muscle enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK); and liver enzymes such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) function throughout the study (all makers, p≥0.05). CONCLUSION: The ingestion of the supplement examined in this study showed no adverse effects on blood lipids or hepatorenal and muscle enzyme function, with respective responses being similar to treatment with a PLA treatment condition. These findings are in agreement with other studies testing similar ingredients and longer studies appear to be safe to perform on performance related outcomes.

P1 Impact of antioxidant-enriched nutrient bar supplementation on the serum antioxidant markers and physical fitness components of track and field athletes Lalitha Ramaswamy, Supriya Velraja Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, India Correspondence: Lalitha Ramaswamy (lalitharam58@gmail.com) – Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2016, 13(Suppl 1):P1

PURPOSE: As part of a 7-d safety study, we examined the short-term of a dietary pre-workout supplement (PWS) at difference doses on strength and Wingate anaerobic capacity as a secondary outcome. METHODS: We recruited 19 apparently healthy and recreationally active men and women (21.8±2.1 yr, 21.6±8.7 %fat, 26.9±3.8 kg/m2) with at least 6-months of resistance training, to participate in a double-blind, crossover, randomized and placebo-controlled manner. We instructed subjects to maintain their current diet and training regimens throughout the study. Supplements were (1) a dextrose placebo (PLA, 12 g/d); (2) a PWS supplement containing 4.7g B-alanine, 1.6g creatine nitrate, 1.0g arginine AKG, 250mg ascorbic acid, 150mg N-acetyl tyrosine, 150mg caffeine and 5mg tetramethyluric acid; or (3) PWS at ~150% dosage (PWS150) of the base formula for seven days, interspersed with 7-d of washout. On Day 1 (acute) and Day 7 (chronic), subjects were measured fasted (12h), before ingesting their respective supplements. Testing was initiated 30-min after supplement ingestion and strength was assessed as bench and leg press volume, defined as repetitions to fatigue during set three following two sets of 10 reps at 70% of 1RM for each lifting movement. Data were analyzed using a repeated measure MANOVA and are presented as mean change from baseline and 95% CI. RESULTS: No significant effects were noted for strength or Wingate performance including: (1) Bench Press Lifting Volume (kg): PLA (4.9; 95% CI -99.1, 108.9), PWS (-82.0; 95% CI -186.0, 21.9) and PWS150 (85.7; 95% CI -18.2, 189.7); (2) Leg Press Lifting Volume (kg): PLA (174.7; 95% CI -921.9, 1271.2), PWS (670.1; 95% CI -426.5, 1766.6) and PWS150 (789.7; 95% CI -306.9, 1886.2), (3) Wingate Average Power (W): PLA (15.2; 95% CI -9.9, 40.4), PWS (10.7; 95% CI -14.5, 35.9) and PWS150 (17.6; 95% CI -7.6, 42.7) or (4) Wingate Peak Power (W): PLA (-11.0; 95% CI -134.5, 112, 4), PWS (-30.0; 95% CI -153.6, 93.2), and PWS150 (34.9; 95% CI -88.5, 158.3). CONCLUSIONS: The PWS formulae used in this study do not appear to increase various indices of physical performance over a seven day period; it is suggested that a longer period of study is necessary to determine the potential ergogenic benefits of such a supplement regimen. Supported by Nutrabolt Int.

This study examined whether genetic profile influences response to a diet and exercise intervention. 53 sedentary women (38±12 yrs, 80.8±13.9 kg) were randomized to a control group (C) or exercise + diet groups. Those in exercise groups performed circuit resistance‐exercise (4 d/wk) and walked (10,000 steps, 3 d/wk). Diets were 1,500 kcal/d with 20:35:45 (CI), 30:25:45 (CII) or 55:30:15 (AHA) percentages of CHO:FAT: PRO. Buccal cheek swabs were obtained at baseline and analyzed for FABP2, PPARG, ADRB‐79, ADRB3, and ADRB‐46 genes to determine true (T) or false (F) genetic matches to higher CHO or CHO restricted diets. Body weight and DEXA body composition measurements were obtained at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 wks. Data were analyzed by MANOVA and are presented as changes from baseline. An overall Wilk's Lambda time x diet (p=0.085) and time x diet x genotype (p=0.102) trend was observed. Univariate analysis revealed significant interaction trends in fat mass (C: 0.39±1.26; CI: T ‐6.16±5.04, F ‐1.58±2.22; CII: T ‐5.03±2.8, F ‐4.2±3.3; AHA: T ‐3.60±2.5, F ‐5.24±4.0 kg, p=0.06) and percent body fat (C: 0.15±1.61; CI: T ‐4.95±4.26, F ‐1.44±2.68; CII: T ‐3.50±3.17, F ‐4.87±3.08; AHA: T ‐3.23±2.81, F ‐4.32±3.43 kg, p=0.10) while weight was not significantly affected (C: 0.92±2.19; CI: T ‐6.75±6.38, F ‐2.22±2.37; CII: T ‐5.64±3.40, F ‐2.74±4.37; AHA: T ‐4.36±2.68, F ‐5.65±4.94 kg, p=0.33). Preliminary findings suggest that women participating in a 6 month diet and exercise program may experience greater changes in body composition when diet type is matched to genetic metabolic profile.

Methods Fifty sedentary, obese women (41.6 ± 12 yrs, 35.4 ± 8 kg/ m) were assigned to diet groups based on five obesityrelated genetic variants from four genes prominently associated with obesity (FABP2, PPARG, ADRB2, ADRB3). Participants were either truly matched (T) to their diet group based on genotype (n = 28) or falsely matched (F) based on genotype (n = 22). Prescribed diets consisted of 1,500 kcal/d and included carbohydrate:fat: protein percentages of 30:25:45 (H) or 20:35:45 (L). Participants performed a supervised circuit-style resistanceexercise program four days/week and a walking program consisting of 10,000 steps/day, three days/week. Body weight and duel energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) body composition measures were obtained at baseline, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 weeks. Data were analyzed by MANOVA, with baseline body weight and body composition values used as covariates to normalize baseline differences between groups. Data are presented as changes from baseline at each time point, respectively. Results MANOVA revealed an overall Wilks’ Lamda time effect (p < 0.001) with no significant time by diet (p = 0.51), time × gene type (0.84), or time × diet × gene type (0.81) effects observed. Univariate analysis revealed that the exercise and diet interventions promoted significant reductions in weight (-5.36 ± 5.0 kg, p < 0.001), fat mass (-4.53 ± 3.6 kg, p < 0.001), and body fat (-2.88 ± 2.7 %, p < 0.001) with a trend toward a reduction in fat free mass (-0.65 ± 2.3 kg, p < 0.071). When baseline body weight and DXA body composition variables were used as covariates, Wilks’ Lambda time × diet (p = 0.098) tended to differ, a time × gene type interaction was observed (p = 0.011), while no differences were seen in time × diet × gene type (p = 0.18). Univariate analyses revealed some trends in time × diet changes in weight (H -2.03 ± 1.7, -3.13 ± 2.6, -4.17 ± 3.3, -4.62 ± 4.0, -4.75 ± 4.6, -4.41 ± 5.1; L -2.47 ± 1.8, -3.66 ± 2.4, -4.56 ± 3.1, -5.49 ± 3.9, -5.89 ± 4.5, -6.17 ± 4.8 kg, pq = 0.02), fat mass (H -1.53 ± 1.4, -2.67 ± 2.3, -3.63 ± 2.5, -3.73 ± 2.8, -4.14 ± 3.6, -3.95 ± 3.6; L -1.31 ± 1.6, -2.66 ± 2.2, -3.22 ± 2.5, -4.32 ± 2.9, -4.60 ± 3.0, -5.03 ± 3.7 kg, pq = 0.10), FFM (H -0.49 ± 1.2, -0.58 ± 1.5, -0.52 ± 1.8, -0.68 ± 2.4, -0.51 ± 2.2, -0.31 ± 2.3; L -0.95 ± 1.5, -0.73 ± 1.9, -1.20 ± 1.9, -0.86 ± 2.0, -1.03 ± 2.6, -0.94 ± 2.4 kg, p = 0.14), or body fat (H -0.50 ± 1.9, -1.51 ± 1.8, -2.32 ± 2.2, -2.22 ± 2.0, -2.68 ± 2.5, -2.65 ± 2.3; L -0.46 ± 1.5, -1.55 ± 2.1, -1.67 ± 2.4, -2.56 ± 2.5, -2.78 ± 2.7, -3.08 ± 3.0 %, pq = 0.13) generally in favor of the more carbohydrate restricted diet. Some trends were also seen in time × gene type changes in weight (T -2.06 ± 1.8, -2.91 ± 2.6, -3.99 ± 3.3, -4.83 ± 4.0, -5.07 ± 4.6, -5.15 ± 5.1; F -2.54 ± 1.7, -4.05 ± 2.2, -4.88 ± 2.9, -5.43 ± 3.8, -5.73 ± 4.6, -5.62 ± 5.0 kg, p = 0.20), Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Coletta et al. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2015, 12(Suppl 1):P16 http://www.jissn.com/content/12/S1/P16

This study examined whether genotype of some obesity‐related genes (FABP2, PPARG, ADRB2‐79, ADRB2‐46, ADRB3) influences success to different diets while participating in an exercise program. 40 sedentary women (41±13 yrs, 35.8±7.9 kg/m2) were matched according to genotypes favoring carbohydrate restricted and less restricted diets. Diets were 1,500 kcal/d with 20:35:45 and 30:25:45 percentages of C:F:P. Participants performed a circuit style resistance‐exercise program (4 d/wk) and a walking program (10,000 steps/d, 3 d/wk). Body weight and DEXA body composition measures were obtained at 0, 4, 8, & 12 wks, analyzed by MANOVA, and are presented as changes from baseline after 12 wks. An overall Wilks' Lambda time x genotype trend was observed (p=0.08) with no time x diet effects (p=0.57). Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between true (T) and false (F) matched genotype groups in fat mass (T: ‐3.81±2.5, F: ‐1.92±3.2 kg; p=0.013), FFM fat free mass (T:‐0.76±1.8, F: ‐2.16±2.3; p = 0.042) and body fat (T: ‐2.15±2.3, F: 0.01±2.1 %; p=0.002) with no differences in changes in body weight (T: ‐4.33±3.6, F: ‐3.91±3.9 kg, p=0.36). These preliminary findings suggest that women participating in a diet and exercise program may experience greater improvements in body composition when diet type is aligned with their genetic profile.

Background A number of nutritional strategies have been developed to optimize nutrient delivery prior to exercise. As a result, a number of pre-workout supplements have been developed to increase energy availability, promote vasodilation, and/ or positively affect exercise capacity. The purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of ingesting a preworkout dietary supplement with and without synephrine on cognitive function, perceptions of readiness to perform, and exercise performance.

Keywords: CaffeineRespiratory Exchange RatioRest Energy ExpenditureRepeated Measure MANOVABeta Alanine