This study systematically investigates the individual and combined effects of hydroxyapatite (HA) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanopowders as dielectric additives during PMEDM processing of Ti6Al4V alloys, providing comparative insights into their influence on surface integrity, mechanical performance, and antibacterial properties. In this context, X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), surface roughness (SR), contact angle measurements were used to characterize the structural and morphological properties of the samples on the surface and subsurface. Powder additives were deposited onto the surfaces of the samples using different processing parameters during the EDM process, and XRD and EDS results revealed the presence of HA and hBN phases. In this regard, the surface roughness values varied between 2.03 μm and 3.97 μm on average, depending on the discharge current, pulse duration and the different powder ratios added to the dielectric liquid. In addition, while the cratered structures formed on the surfaces of the samples processed after EDM reduce the surface wettability, the best wettability was observed on the surface processed with a discharge current of 9 A, a pulse duration of 200 μs, and the addition of 15 g/l hydroxyapatite (HA) powder. In order to correlate processing performance with the effect of added dust concentrations on biofilm, cellular adhesion and proliferation were examined with Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strain at 2, 4, and 6 h. This showed that a 5 g powder additive promoted cellular activity growth, while a 10 g concentration inhibited it, except for HA/hBN particles. Extending exposure to 15 g further confirmed biofilm formation, highlighting the complexity of bacteria adhesion.

Honey bee deaths are considered a major global concern. Therefore, epidemiological investigation and continuous monitoring of pathogens or parasites in honey bee colonies are essential for the prevention and control of these diseases. This study investigated the prevalence of honey bee pathogens and parasites across Kosovo between 2019 and 2024. Using molecular techniques, primarily PCR-based methods, adult honey bee samples collected from 36 apiaries were analyzed for the presence of nine viruses (ABPV, BQCV, CBPV, DWV, IAPV, KBV, SBV, VDV-1 and AmFV), two Vairimorpha species (V. apis and V. ceranae), and Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of American foulbrood (AFB). Six viruses were determined in 35 apiaries (97.2%), whereas CBPV, KBV and IAPV were not detected in any apiary. BQVC (83.3%) and AmFV (83.3%) were the most prevalent viruses, followed by VDV-1 (80.5%), DWV (41.6%), SBV (33.3%) and ABPV (30.5%). While V. apis was not detected in any apiary, V. ceranae was detected in 16 apiaries (44.4%). Paenibacillus larvae was detected in 13 apiaries (36.1%); genotyping revealed that ten isolates belonged to the ERIC I genotype, while three isolates were classified as ERIC II. Multiple infection with two or more pathogens was observed in 35 apiaries (97.2%). The most complex multiple infection profile was identified in apiary 3 from Gjilan, which was positive for ABPV, BQCV, DWV, AmFV, SBV, VDV-1, P. larvae and V. ceranae. These findings could contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology and dynamics of honey bee pathogens in Kosovo and may support the development of effective strategies to reduce disease transmission among colonies and apiaries.

Biomedical implants are artificial components placed in the jawbone to replace lost teeth functionally and aesthetically due to accidents, caries, and various diseases. In the treatment method of biomedical implants, the healing period for patients can sometimes be prolonged. After the biomedical implant is applied to the jawbone, the lack of sufficient hydrophilic and biological properties of the implant surface can negatively impact the treatment. Particularly, it poses risks in biomedical fields as interactions between bacteria and the surface encourage implant loss. For this reason, the surface properties of biocompatible materials must be enhanced for the well-being of individuals. This study aims to enhance the surface wettability (hydrophilicity) and biofilm (cellular change) properties by controlling the surface characteristics of Ti6Al4V alloys through the application of plasma nitriding (460 degrees C and 535 degrees C for 9h). XRD, SEM, EDS, AFM microscope, surface tension meter, and microhardness testing were employed to analyze the surface topology, metallurgical alterations, and wettability properties of plasma nitrided samples. Subsequently, Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strain was applied to the plasma nitrided samples to evaluate their biofilm behavior. It was observed that both untreated and plasma nitrided samples exhibited a hydrophilic surface. The augmentation of plasma nitriding temperature resulted in relative changes in surface wettability and surface energy while maintaining the hydrophilic character of the surfaces. Furthermore, during the 6h incubation period, sample TR1 demonstrated a higher biofilm coverage rate compared to the untreated control, but it was similar to TR2 (F = 2.481, df = 2, p>0.05). Sample TR2 exhibited a biofilm coverage rate comparable to that of TR1 and the untreated control. The comprehensive findings indicate that plasma nitriding influences surface wettability and early-stage biofilm behavior, especially with increasing process temperature.

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) are important factors in the biological control of many insect pests, and these microorganisms often cause widespread epizootics in pest populations. In addition to the use of EPFs as microbial control agents, recent studies show that these fungi can live endophytically with plants. These endophytes are also known to play a role in plants to protect them against insects, pathogens, and nematodes. In this study, it was aimed to isolate and molecularly characterize endophytic entomopathogenic fungi from yellow pine forests in Kırşehir province, Türkiye, and test them against Diprion pini L. (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae). Endophytic entomopathogenic fungus isolation was carried out using a selective medium from a total of 234 healthy needle samples (three from each branch) from 117 branches (two from each tree) from 39 yellow pine trees. After the isolation studies, a total of 24 fungi (10.25

The genus Enterococcus consists of Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, catalase-negative, facultative anaerobic bacteria that can occur both as single or diplococci and in chains. Commensal microorganisms of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, including this genus, acquire high antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes and can turn into opportunistic pathogens. In this study, 42 Enterococcus spp. were isolated and identified by conventional and molecular (ddl gene sequence) methods from honey bee specimens in T & uuml;rkiye. Of the isolates, 37 (88%) were identified as E. faecalis and five (12%) as E. faecium. Antimicrobial resistance profiles against nine antibiotics were determined by the disk diffusion method. Antibiotic resistance genes and eight different virulence genes were characterized by molecular methods. Of the 42 isolates, 24 (57%) were resistant to erythromycin, six (14%) were resistant to streptomycin, three (7%) were resistant to tetracycline, and two (2%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin. ermB resistance gene was detected in 16 (80%) of 24 erythromycin-resistant E. faecalis isolates and in 100% of four E. faecium isolates. The tetM gene was identified in three tetracycline-resistant strains. "ant(6)-Ia", "aac(6')-le-aph(2'')-Ia" and "acc(6)-Ii" gene co-existence were determined in 6 strains, one of which was E. faecium. Only two of 8 virulence genes (esp and hyl genes) were not detected in any strain, while the gene encoding the sex pheromones determinant and gelatinase protein was detected in 95% of the strains. Antibiotic resistance, resistance, and virulence genes in Enterococcus species isolated from honey bees could pose potential risks to bee health.

The Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a serious pest of potatoes and other solanaceous plants such as eggplant, tobacco and tomato. Chemical insecticides are the main management tool for CPB, but it has been reported that resistance to the insecticides can develop rapidly. Therefore, it is important to seek indigenous biocontrol agents and develop environmentally friendly control methods against this pest. In this study, 13 entomopathogenic fungi (11 from adults and 2 from larvae) were isolated from the field collected CPB in Kırşehir, Türkiye and they were identified as Beauveria bassiana based on bloc gene sequence data. These B. bassiana isolates were also tested against CPB larvae and adults under laboratory conditions. The highest mortality and mycoses values against both larvae and adults were obtained from B. bassiana LD-3 and LD-9 with 90, 93.33

Şimdiye kadar 100’den fazla bakteri türünün eklem bacaklılarda hastalık oluşturduğu bilinmektedir. Entomopatojenik bakteriler ucuz olmaları, kitle üretimindeki kolaylık, konak spesifikliği, güvenlik ve çevrede kalıcılık gibi nedenlerden ötürü zararlı böceklerle mikrobiyal mücadelede uzun yıllardan beri kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada çeşitli böcek örneklerinden ($Malacosoma$ sp. (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae), $Ogcodocera$ sp. (Diptera: Bombyliidae) ve $Orgyia$ sp. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)) izole edilen altı (6) adet bakteri suşu ilk etapta morfolojik olarak $Micrococcus$ sp. olarak tanımlanmıştır. Daha sonra bu bakteri suşlarının 16S rRNA sekans analizi ile moleküler seviyede tanımlanmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ayrıca bu bakteri suşlarının $Galleria$ $mellonella$ (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvalarına karşı öldürücülük etkileri belirlenmiştir. Altı adet bakteri suşu da (MK-5, AS-2, AS-3, AS-4, BB-1 ve BB-5) $Micrococcus$ sp. olarak cins düzeyinde tanımlanmıştır. $G.$ $mellonella$ larvalarına karşı patojenite testleri sonucunda ise sadece MK-5 suşu %70 ölüm oranına neden olmuş diğer suşlar önemli derecede ölüm oranına neden olmamıştır. Elde edilen sonuçların böceklerle ilişkili simbiyotik bakterilerin tanımlanmasında ve patojenik özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

The common pine sawfly, Diprion pini (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae), is a well-known defoliating pest of various pine forests almost all over the world, including Europe. It can cause damage to many pine species but usually opts for Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus and P. nigra subsp. laricio (Poiret) Maire. The prohibition of the use of chemical insecticides in forests (at least for T & uuml;rkiye) has led to the fact that other control methods have come to the fore in the control of this pest. In this respect, biological control agents, which are eco-friendly and can persist in the field over time, providing long-term control for plant protection, have an important potential in the control of D. pini. Therefore, in this study, entomopathogenic fungi were isolated from pine forest soils and identified by gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Ten isolates (DP-37, DP-38, DP-45, DP-46, DP-49, DP-53, DP-54, DP-57, DP-58 and DP-63) were identified as Beauveria pseudobassiana, four isolates (DP-35, DP-41, DP-52, and DP-61) were identified as B. bassiana, and only one isolate was identified as Metarhizium robertsii (DP-15). All isolates were tested against the larvae of the pest under laboratory conditions, and the highest mortality and mycosis values (96.6% and 63.3%, respectively) were obtained from B. pseudobassiana DP-57. This isolate was also tested against the pest under outdoor conditions using different conidial concentrations. Based on probit analysis, the LC50 and LC90 values were estimated to be 1.309 x 107 and 1.21 x 1010 conidia/ml, respectively. The results showed that B. pseudobassiana DP-57 could be a good candidate in the biological control of D. pini.

Potato downy mildew is a disease caused by a fungus called Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, which is mainly seen in potatoes and tomatoes, but also in other culture and wild plants belonging to the Solanaceae family. This fungus is quite important both from an economic and historical point of view. In case of an epidemic, it can cause full crop deterioration or serious losses in potatoes. Although cultural and chemical control methods are generally used in the control of the disease, there is no specific biological control method in this regard. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPFs) are generally used as biological control agents in the control of insect pests. Recently, there are many studies showed that these fungi can live endophytically on various cultivated plants and provide beneficial properties to the plants they live with. In this study, it was aimed to determine the in vitro antagonistic activities of different entomopathogenic fungi previously isolated from potato fields and identified by molecular methods against P. infestans. Earlier work determined that these fungi had a lethal effect on Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say, 1824). Antagonistic activity tests were performed according to the "direct opposition method" and percentage (%) activity values were calculated. As a result of the tests, the most effective isolates were found to be Beauveria sp. SK-14 (75.23%) and Metarhizium sp. SK-24 (76.23%). It is thought that the results obtained will contribute to the biocontrol of diseases and pests in potatoes.

Acarapis woodi (Rennie, 1921) (Acari: Tarsonemidae) is one of the mites that settles in the respiratory system of honeybees ( Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae)) and distributed throughout the world. It causes significant economic losses on honey production. In Türkiye, studies on the existence of A. woodi are very limited and so far, no studies on the molecular diagnosis and phylogenetic of it have been reported in Türkiye. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of A. woodi in Türkiye, especially in areas where beekeeping is intense. Diagnosis of A. woodi was performed using both microscopic and molecular methods using specific PCR primers. Adult honeybee samples were collected from 1.193 hives in 40 provinces of Türkiye between 2018 and 2019. Based on identification studies, the presence of A. woodi was detected in a total of 3 hives (0.5%) in 2018 and 4 hives (0.7%) in 2019. This is the first report for determination of A. woodi in Türkiye.

PURPOSE:Bumblebees are an important group of insects in the pollination of various vegetables, fruits, oilseeds, legumes, and the fodder crops. Compared to honeybees, they have a wider choice of hosts and a longer flight period. These bees are used especially for the pollination of plants in greenhouses and are commercially produced for this purpose. Recently, serious decreases have been occurring in bumblebee populations due to various reasons such as pathogens, and some of species are even threatened with extinction. Due to the worldwide decline in pollinator insects, determining the distribution and prevalence of bumblebee pathogens is of great importance. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the incidence and prevalence of pathogens in Turkish bumblebee populations and how much of each pathogen was in bumblebee samples. METHODS:A total of 172 Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus,1758) samples (21 samples from commercial enterprises, 79 samples from greenhouses and 72 samples from nature) were randomly collected from 3 provinces (Antalya, Mersin and İzmir) where greenhouse cultivation is intensively carried out in Turkey. Eighty-nine of these samples were collected in the spring and eighty-three in the autumn. The presence of four pathogens (Nosema bombi, Crithidia bombi, Apicystis bombi, and Locustacarus buchneri) was investigated by PCR using universal primers. RESULTS:The overall prevalence of Nosema bombi, Crithidia bombi, Apicystis bombi, and Locustacarus buchneri was determined as 7.55%, 9.3%, 11.62%, and 4.65%, respectively. Co-infections (5.81%) were only detected in wild-caught (nature) samples. C. bombi and A. bombi infections were detected at higher rates in the spring samples than in the autumn samples (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the spring and autumn samples with respect to the presence of N. bombi and L. buchneri (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION:The results obtained could be important in determining the prevalence and spread rates of the bumblebee diseases in Turkey and to determine appropriate protection measures. The information gathered should increase our knowledge about the presence of these pathogens in Turkey and could contribute to improve apiarist's practice. More studies are needed to determine the transmission pathways of these pathogens between the populations. Also, complex pathogen interactions in bumblebee populations should be considered in the future to improve bumblebee health.

Background Entomopathogenic fungi have long been used as a biopeptide in the biological control of insect pests in agriculture, forestry and veterinary. At the same time, it is known that these fungi have positive effects on plant growth, health, and the antagonist effect against various plant pathogens. Entomopathogenic fungal isolation was performed from soil samples collected from apple orchards and Tropinota (= Epicometis ) hirta (Poda) (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) adults which is an important pest of fruit trees. The isolated fungi were identified at the species level by phylogenetic analysis based on multi-locus sequence approach using various gene sequences ( ITS , rpb1 , bloc , EF1-α and β-tubulin ). The fungi obtained were tested against T. hirta and the apple scab disease, Ventura inaequalis under laboratory conditions. Results Three (Bz isolates) and 15 (AK isolates) entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) were isolated from T. hirta adults and 48 soil samples, respectively. The isolated fungi were identified as Beauveria bassiana (Bz-1, Bz-2, AK-10, AK-14, AK-17, and AK-18), Metarhizium robertsii (Bz-3, AK-4, AK-5, AK-6, AK-7, AK-8, AK-9, AK-11, AK-13, AK-15, and AK-16) and Metarhizium sp. (AK-12). All isolated fungi were tested against T. hirta adults, causing the same mortality but different mycosis values. In addition, the antagonistic effects of fungal isolates against V. inaequalis , the important apple pathogen, were determined and the highest effect was obtained from B. bassiana AK-10 with 69.3%. Conclusion This is the first study to determine the effectiveness of EPF against T. hirta and V. inaequalis , and the results obtained are thought to be useful for the biological control of both pests.

Pek çok hayvan ve bitki vücutlarının içerisinde simbiyotik mikroorganizmalara sahiptir ve bu ortaklar arasında yakın etkileşimler meydana gelmektedir. Böcekler ise en büyük hayvan grubu oluşturmaktadırlar ve zorunlu mutualizm’den fakültatif parazitizm’e kadar değişen çeşitli endosimbiyotik ilişkileri içermektedirler. Böceklerdeki endosimbiyotik bakterilerin beslenme, üreme, savunma, iletişim, davranış ve gelişim gibi pek çok farklı rolleri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada böceklerdeki simbiyotik bakterileri tanımlamak için model organizma olarak Malacosoma castrensis seçilmiştir. Bu böceğin larvalarında yer alan bakteriler izole edilmiş ve 16S rRNA sekans analizi ile tanımlanmıştır. Toplam olarak 6 adet bakteri izole edilmiş ve bunlar Staphylococcus sp. MM-1, Micrococcus sp. MM-2, Rhodococcus sp. MM-3, Arthrobacter citreus MM-4, Bacillus sp. MM-5 ve Pseudomonas sp. MM-6 olarak tanımlanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçların böcek-bakteri ilişkilerinin belirlenmesinde ve böceklerdeki endosimbiyotik bakterilerinin rollerinin aydınlatılmasında faydalı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Microbial insecticides have become increasingly important in recent years for the control of insect pests. Among microbial insecticides, insect pathogenic bacteria and their toxins have been the most commercially successful and hold potential for further development. In this study, we investigated the isolation and identification of some potential pathogenic bacteria from Diprion pini L. (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) which is a serious pest of pine forests worldwide. A total of eighteen bacteria were isolated, ten bacteria from dead D. pini larvae and eight bacteria from healthy larvae. The bacterial strains were characterized by their morphological features, 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. In addition, these bacteria and four Bacillus thuringiensis strains (isolated from pine forest soil) were tested against D. pini larvae under laboratory conditions. The bacterial isolates were identified as Kluyvera intermedia O-1, O-8, O-10 and S-3, Proteus mirabilis O-2, Klebsiella oxytoca O-3, Bacillus sp. O-4, Pantoea agglomerans O-5 and S-5, Serratia marcescens O-6, Pseudomonas sp. O-7, Acinetobacter sp. O-9, Enterobacter sp. S-1 and S-9, Bacillus pumilus S-2, Enterobacter cancerogenus S-4, Pseudoclavibacter sp. S-6 and Arthrobacter sp. S-8. All isolates showed different insecticidal activity against the pest and the highest mortality was obtained from P. mirabilis O-2 with 100

Many bacterial species are frequently associated with insects in symbiotic, mutualistic, or parasitic rela-tionships. Symbiotic bacteria living in mostly insect gut have many roles in insect’s biology such as nutrition, devel-opment, sex determination and evolution. Therefore, studying of symbiotic bacteria in insects is very important to elucidate their roles in their hosts biology. In this study, we purposed to isolate and identify the culturable bacterial species in internal organs (mostly gut parts) of Sanys irrosea (Guenee, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) which was selected as model organism. The bacterial flora of different development stages of S. irrosea was studied by culture dependent techniques and the isolated bacteria was identified by 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. A total of 22 bacterial isolates were obtained from different instar larvae of the insect and were identified. Among the identified bacterial species, Staphylococcus, Micrococcus and Bacillus species were dominant. In addition, some potential slug, human and plant pathogenic bacteria (Moraxella osloensis, Kocuria rosea and Clavibacter michi-ganensis) were isolated. The results were discussed with respect to the bacterial composition of S. irrosea regarding effects of bacterial diversity on the larval development of the insect. Results obtained from this study should be beneficial for future studies to understand roles of bacteria in the larval development of Lepidopteran insects.

The nitriding process is a surface treatment that improves the surface properties of titanium alloys and increases wear/corrosion resistance. This study investigates the structural and mechanical property changes in titanium alloy after nitriding. Micro-hardness differences between the nitrided and non-nitrided surface and morphological changes on the surface were determined. In addition to evaluating the effect of vanadium and aluminum ions on the nonnitrided surface, the impact of nitrided and non-nitrided surfaces on biofilm layer formation was investigated. It was determined that the TiN layer formed on the nitrided surface showed superior properties to its non-nitrided surface in the biofilm tests performed for 6 h. As a result of the tensile tests, it can be said that the nitriding process increases the elasticity module of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy and provides the material to have a more rigid structure. It was also analyzed using finite element analysis (FEA) of mechanical behaviors of the test sample under the tension loads.

The soil is a very rich environment in terms of microorganism diversity and the microorganisms in the soil are the source for many secondary metabolites. Bacteria in the family Bacillaceae are commonly found in the soil and can maintain their vitality for many years because of their spore production. At the same time, the species in this family can produce secondary metabolites which have different functions. In this study, Bacillus or Bacillus-like bacteria were isolated from soil samples in wheat fields and they were identified based on their morphological and molecular features using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. In addition, the antimicrobial activities of the isolates were investigated against various important human pathogens. A total of twenty bacteria were isolated and all of them were identified as Bacillus sp., except for ES-18 which is Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus. Six isolates showed antibacterial activity at different levels and the most effective isolate, ES-18, showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus, B. megaterium, B. subtilis, Stapyhlococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Listeria monocytogenes. MIC values of the isolate ES-18 were also determined against the related bacteria and the highest dilution factor was determined to be 2-1. It was also determined that all effective dilutions were bacteriostatic. This is the first study showing antimicrobial properties of L. xylanilyticus and the results obtained from this study might be important for the discovery of new antimicrobial compounds.

The common (or English) walnut (Juglans regia L.) is an economically important hardwood tree species cultivated worldwide for its edible nuts and high-quality wood. However, walnut trees are attacked by many pathogens causing economic damage. Among these pathogens, the most important fungal disease agent of walnut is Ophiognomonia leptostyla (Fr.) Sogonov (formerly Gnomonia leptostyla (Fr.) Ces. et de Not), which causes walnut anthracnose. In this study, endophytic fungi from various walnuts tissues (leaves, roots, twigs, shoots, fruits, and petioles) were isolated and molecularly identified by ITS gene sequencing. Additionally, the isolated fungi were tested for their in vitro antagonistic potential against O. leptostyla. A total of 35 endophytic fungi were isolated and species richness of endophytic fungi in roots was found to be higher than in aboveground organs. The most frequently isolated species was Fusarium sp. Seven isolates (Alternaria sp. CC-3, A. chlamydosporigena CC-8 and CC-9, Fusarium acuminatum CC-11, unidentified CC-16, Neonectria sp. CC-22 and unidentified CC-44) showed the antagonistic effects on O. leptostyla at different rates and the highest inhibition rate was obtained from Alternaria sp. CC-3 with 52.5%. Also, the presence of polyketide synthase I-II and non-ribosomal peptide synthase genes (possible antifungal-related genes) was investigated by PCR. From seven isolates showing antagonistic activity, PKS-I gene was detected in 3 isolates (Alternaria sp. CC-3, A. chlamydosporigena CC-8 and CC-9), PKS-II in one isolate (F. acuminatum CC-11), NRPS in two isolates (unidentified CC-16 and Neonectria sp. CC-22). None of three genes was detected in one isolate (unidentified CC-44). This is the first study to determine the antagonistic activity of the endophytic fungi isolated from walnuts against O. leptostyla. It is thought that the results will be beneficial in the future biological control programs for walnut anthracnose disease.

The Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is one of the most important pests of potatoes and causes great losses in potato production worldwide. Chemical insecticides are primarily used to control this pest, but this has rapidly caused insecticide resistance. In this study, 24 entomopathogenic fungi were obtained from 43 soil samples in potato fields and identified by ITS gene sequencing. Nine of the isolates were identified as Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill and 15 as Metarhizium sp. All fungal isolates were first tested against the adults and larvae of CPB under laboratory conditions. The most effective isolate was determined as B. bassiana SK-8 with 86