The quality of the photogelatin is of importance for the sensitometrical parameters of photographic emulsions. In this case, the photogelatins were investigated by means of radiochemical, calorimetric, spectroscopical, cycloviscosimetrical measurements and photographical methods and the results were compared. Here, alkaline and acid processed bone and hide gelatins were used, which were obtained from the International Working Group for Photographic Gelatin (IAG). The velocity of the mass transfer and on the kinetics of the folding of gelatin could be investigated through the addition of different concentrations on foreign salts, surface active substances, polymeric substances, restrainers, spectral sensitisers, amino acids to the solution of gelatin.

We have made radiochemical investigations to the ion exchange in the systems (AgCl(s)-Ag-110m) - Ag-(1)(+) and (AgBr(s)-Ag-110m) - Ag-(1)(+) for the calculation of the activation energy for the self diffusion of the Ag-110m(+) ions inside the crystal. The mass transfer of the Ag-110m(+) ions from the crystal to the solution in the systems (AgCl(s)-Ag-110m) - Ag-(1)(+) and (AgBr(s)-Ag-110m) - Ag-(1)(+) is a very complex problem. A report is given of the diffusion of Ag+ ions in AgCl and AgBr crystals. The kinetics of re-exchanges of the Ag-110m(+) ions from the crystals to the solution was measured. In the aqueous solution an excess of the inactive Ag+ ions was present in the experiments. The evaluation of the kinetic curves showed three steps, which are in correlation to the dissolution of AgX, the self diffusion of the Ag-110m(+) ions in the AgX crystal and the recrystallization process. The activation energies were measured for all these three steps. The activation energy for the self diffusion of the Ag-110m(+) ions in AgCl and AgBr crystal lattice is of interest for the quantum theoretical calculation of the activation energy. The activation energies of the transport of the Ag+ ions in AgCl and AgBr crystals are calculated in an earlier investigation with the help of a quantum theoretical equation involving the frequency of the optical phonons of the lattice, a mean coordination number for the diffusing ions and the vibrational quantum number. The comparison of the calculated activation energies with values available from the radiochemical measurements in the systems AgCl(s) - Ag-110m((1))(+), (AgCl(s)-Ag-110m) - Ag-(1)(+), AgBr(s) - Ag-110m((1))(+) and (AgBr(s)-Ag-110m)(+) - Ag-(1)(+) shows a good agreement. The influence of photographically active substances (antifoggants) is discussed on the mass transfer rate during the Ostwald ripening of AgCl and AgBr.

In the present paper a report is given about the influence of PdCl2 on the kinetics of the phase interface processes in the course of the Ostwald ripening of the AgBr and AgI crystals. The radiochemical measurements showed, that the velocity of the Br-82(-) and I-131(-) mass transfer respectively in the systems AgBr - PdCl2 - Br-82(-) and AgI - PdCl2 - I-131(-) respectively is decreased with increasing concentration of the PdCl2. It were obtained characteristic points, which are an indication on the change of the mechanism of the phase interface processes. In the presence of higher PdCl2-concentrations it comes to a blocking of the velocity of the mass transfer. The concentration of the PdCl2, which is necessary to the blocking is explained with the blocking of the active centres of the grow on the AgBr- and AgI-crystal surface and the binding of the interstitial lattice silver ions about this centres. From the radiochemical measurements to the kinetics of the Br-82(-)-mass transfer the concentrations of the photographically active substances are obtained which are necessary to the doting of the AgBr crystals. It is interesting to find out that the concentration of the photographically active substance which is present on the characteristic points has the same quantity how was found through other physically and photometrically methods.