Researchers used visual methods rigorously to improve brain tumor detection in MRI or CT scans, yet there remains a challenge to improve the detection accuracy. Further, the rise of deep learning methods improved tumor detection accuracy up to the mark. But again, many times, we face the challenges of having a bigger dataset and better computing power to achieve an improved and accurate trained model for every object classification problem. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework single shot multi-box detector (SSD)-based model to detect tumors in the MRI scans. The proposed SSD model is the faster algorithm to detect the tumor even with the ability to detect the smallest spot in the low-resolution MRI scans. We additionally used a lightweight neural network architecture MobileNet v2 with SSD for faster and accurate object classification. The experimental results showed 98% accuracy with the proposed method after training with the smallest dataset of 250 MRI scans. We used the Kaggle database for training and testing the proposed model.

Dengue is a threatening ailment and it is caused by the bite of a female mosquito. Pakistan has been a victim of this disease from a couple of years. Life of many people is endangered from it. People were facing a problem for the detection of this disease because of the limited resources of time and money. Lives of the people can be saved if the dengue is predicted in early stages. The present research will present a dengue prediction methodology by using the data mining technique. Association rule mining is used in this paper for the prediction of this disease. First, the data was collected which includes patients having dengue or not, then it was used in Weka data mining tool by applying Apriori algorithm. The rules derived from this algorithm were further used for generating a proposed rule which is used for the prediction of dengue in patients. Generated rule was able to identify 75% of records correctly.

BACKGROUND:Anaemia is a common feature of lympho-proliferative disorders and is an important cause of poor quality of life in these patients. When indicated, packed red blood cells (PRBC) units are transfused to treat anaemia. Objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with PRBC transfusions in lymphoma patients.METHODS:This was a retrospective study done on Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients who had PRBC transfusions during chemotherapy. Information regarding gender, type of lymphoma, stage, baseline haemoglobin, marrow involvement and total number of PRBC units transfused was collected.RESULTS:A total of 481 patients with diagnosis of HL and NHL were registered during one year period. Out of these, 108 (22.4%) had PRBC transfusions during treatment. HL and NHL patients were 30 (27.8%) and 78 (72.2%) respectively. NHL patients were older than HL (37 vs. 32 years), (p=0.03). HL patients had lower mean haemoglobin 9.3 +/- 2.56 g/dl as compared to NHL 11.33 +/- 2.42 g/dl, (p<0.05). There was significant difference in number of PRBC units transfused based on lymphoma type (NHL 6.74 +/- 5.69 vs. HL 3.97 +/- 3.0 units, p<0.05). Bone marrow involvement resulted in increased transfusion requirements (7.84 +/- 4.36 vs. 5.26 +/- 5.49 units, p<0.05) while stage of disease didn't affected significantly (I/II--4.88 +/- 4.85 and III/IV 6.30 +/- 5.33 units p=0.2).CONCLUSION:A significant number of lymphoma patients need PRBC transfusions during chemotherapy. NHL patients and bone marrow involvement makes patients at higher risk for transfusions. In places, where blood bank support is not adequate, patients should be informed right from beginning to arrange donors for possible transfusions during chemotherapy.

Patent blue dye is used for sentinel lymph node localisation in order to stage the axilla in patients with breast cancer. Patent blue is one of the most common dyes used across the UK, however, the incidence of adverse effects seems to be increasing. This case highlights our experience of a biphasic anaphylactic reaction to patent blue dye, and we conduct a brief literature review of alternative and more novel methods to adequately visualise the lymphatics for sentinel lymph node biopsy.