Address for Correspondence: Ajit Kumar, Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Tribhuvan University, National Medical college, Birgunj, Parsa, Nepal. E-Mail: ajit.anatomy@gmail.com Access this Article online Quick Response code Web site: Department of Anatomy, Tribhuvan University, National Medical college, Birgunj, Parsa, Nepal. The Biceps brachii is a muscle of flexor compartment of the arm. The biceps brachii muscle shows variation in the number of heads, with an estimated 9–22% of all people having a supernumerary head. The most common variation is third head, but four, five, or even seven heads have been reported. Although supernumerary heads of the biceps brachii muscle have been frequently reported, bilateral asymmetric occurrence of supernumerary heads is relatively rare. During a routine cadaveric dissection at the Department of Anatomy, National Medical College, Birgunj, Nepal, we encountered bilateral supernumerary heads of the biceps brachii muscle; Three heads on the right arm and four heads on the left arm in a 68 year old male cadaver. These additional heads were supplied by branches from the musculocutaneous nerve. No additional anomalies were found on the remainder of both upper limbs of the same cadaver. It may cause compression of surrounding neurovascular structures or it may lead to variation of normal mechanical actions and also can cause erroneous interpretation during routine surgeries.
The muscles and tendons of the thumb are very strong but are not designed for the type of intense activity associated with many of today's handheld devices. Muscle fatigue and excessive muscle tension can cause pain and ache in the muscles and restrict the joint flexibility. Over the long term this kind of excessive use can irritate the tendons and lead to premature arthritis. The repetitive strain injury so called SMS syndrome and recently called as WhatsAppitis, is a rapidly growing condition as more people use thumb-operated gadgets WhatsAppitis is technically known as De Quervain's syndrome, BlackBerry thumb, gamer's thumb, washerwoman's sprain, radial styloid tenosynovitis, mother‟s wrist, mommy thumb or “teen texting tendonitis. The current study compared such 200 individuals who are over using the electronic gadgets like mobile phones and tablet for sending texts for a longer duration with the normal volunteers (control group). The analyzed report shows that the extremely statistical significant between the control and experimental group while we compare the range of motion and muscle strength of wrist , thumb and index finger between control and experimental group. No matter how fast or how slow you text, excessive texting is not good for our fingers including wrist. WhatsAppitis can be a form of tendinitis, tenosynovitis or a combination of both of those disorders. In either case it means something is irritated, inflamed and swollen.
Facial artery is usually the main artery supplying the face. It gives three named branches on the face, the inferior labial, the superior labial and the lateral nasal and continues as the angular artery. Face is also supplied by the transverse facial artery and the arteries accompanying the cutaneous nerves. In our present case report, we observed that the lingual and facial arteries were originating from the front of External Carotid artery (ECA) as a common linguofacial trunk on the left side and coursed upwards towards the mandible for about 1.2 cm and then divided into facial and lingual arteries. We observed that the facial artery terminated as Inferior labial artery as end artery (without anastomoses). The other branches for the face namely Superior labial, lateral nasal and angular arteries are arises from the Transverse facial artery. Conclusion: In this study, we noticed that a variation in the morphological aspect of arterial pattern of face, until then not documented. In this sense, the objective of this study was to report a variation of the facial artery and to analyze it relative to the literature state of the art. The present case may provide useful information in different fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery.