INTRODUCTION Caudal regression Syndrome (CRS) also known as Caudal Dysplasia and Sacral Agenesis Syndrome, is an uncommon malformation seen in 0.1-0.25:10 000 of normal pregnancies [1]. The syndrome occurs more frequently in the offspring of diabetic than non-diabetic mothers [2]. The incidence is about one in 350 infants of diabetic mothers which is about 200-fold increase incidence in diabetic patient than general population [3]. Sacral [or lumbosacral agenesis in severe cases where lumbar spine is also involved] characterized by absence of the variable portion of the caudal portion of the spine. It is a very rare deformity. Patients with this deformity lack motor function at the affected vertebral level and sensory functions below the affected level.

Systemic lupus erythematosus often abbreviated as SLE or lupus, is a systemic autoimmune disease, in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. Lupus is characterized by the presence of antibodies against a person's own proteins; these are most commonly anti-nuclear antibodies, which are found in nearly all cases. These antibodies lead to inflammation. We reported case of 36-year-old female Sudanese patient came to our center complaining of backache, generalized body ache and pain, easy fatiguability; joint pain and swelling; particularly knee joints; loin pain, oligouria, suprapubic pain and burning micturition.

65 years old female patient came to the hospital with back pain, hematourea, urine and blood analysis was requested. Then Computerized Tomography Urography (CTU) was requested.

A heterotopic pregnancy is a rare complication of pregnancy in which both extra-uterine (ectopic pregnancy) and intrauterine pregnancy occur simultaneously. It may also be referred to as a combined ectopic pregnancy, multiple sited pregnancy, or coincident pregnancy.39-years old female pregnant woman G III para II visits the emergency department complaining of acute pelvic pain and amenorrhea for two months, she was scanned by ultrasound machine by curved linear probe with frequency 3.5 MHz, (US) revealed that there is normal intrauterine viable embryo with normal cardiac activity is present.

Pleural effusion is excess fluid that accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs. Excessive amounts of such fluid can impair breathing by mass effect, limiting the expansion of the lungs during ventilation. A 36 -year-old presented with cough, shortness of breathing (SOB) and fever. A ultrasound had shown bilateral pleural effusion.

Astrocytomas are tumors that arise from astrocytes—star-shaped cells that make up the “glue-like” or supportive tissue of the brain. Astrocytomas can appear in various parts of the brain and nervous system, including the cerebellum, the cerebrum, the central areas of the brain, the brainstem and the spinal cord. The main objective of this study was to detect the sensitivity of the CT scan in diagnosis of the brain astrocytoma, in patients who were confirmed as brain gliomas using computerized tomography of the brain versus brain tissue biopsy after surgery. One hundred and one patients were included in this study. Bio-data collected for these patients (age, gender), radiographic appearance, contrast enhancement and the site of the tumor, were statistically analyzed. Out of the 101 patients with brain gliomas, 52 (51.5%) were male whose ages ranged between 1 and 80 years, and 64 (63.4%) cases were diagnosed as astrocytoma by CT. This study concluded that the CT brain was sensitive in the diagnosis of brain astrocytomas.