Background: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are more likely to suffer from anovulatory infertility. Studies showed the effectiveness of licorice on the regulation of sex hormones and quality of life, with inconsistent findings. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of licorice extract on sex hormones, sleep quality, depression, and appetite in women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: This randomized double-blind controlled trial included 66 overweight or obese women with PCOS. Participants were randomly divided into 2 groups: one receiving 1.5 gr/day of licorice extract alongside a low-calorie diet (n = 33) and the other receiving a placebo plus a low-calorie diet (n = 33) for 8 wk. Anthropometric measurements and general participant data were collected following standard protocols. Serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sex hormone-binding globulin, and total testosterone were analyzed using enzymatic kits. The LH/FSH ratio was also calculated as a marker for PCOS diagnosis. Results: Mean age and body mass index of participants were 40.76 yr and 32.26 kg/m2, respectively. When baseline values were accounted for, the licorice extract plus low-calorie diet group showed significantly greater improvements in terms of FSH (p < 0.001), LH/FSH ratio (p < 0.001), total testosterone (p = 0.03), depression score (p < 0.001), sleep quality (p < 0.001), and appetite (p < 0.001) compared to the control group. Conclusion: The findings showed that licorice extract supplementation led to improvements in sex hormones, sleep quality, depression, and appetite. Further studies are needed to confirm these results, considering the possible limitations of the current research.

OBJECTIVE:Aimed at developing and comparing wafer and nanofibers as biocompatible and prolong release ophthalmic delivery systems, we have prepared various formulations of sulfacetamide-a soluble drug- and evaluate them. METHODOLOGY:Wafers were prepared using the casting and freeze-drying method, while nanofibers were fabricated via an electrospinning system. Various formulations containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) were employed, with SA ratios ranging from 0 to 15%. Morphological characterization with SEM microscopy, thermal behavior, in vitro drug release, bio-adhesive strange, antibacterial activity and fibroblast cell cytotoxicity of various formulations of nanofiber and wafer were evaluated. Additionally, glutaraldehyde was used for cross-linking the formulations. RESULTS:Wafers exhibited a porous structure with nanosized walls. In addition, various formulations of nanofibers were prepared with nano-sized thicknesses ranging from 420.55 to 153.42 nm. Wafers showed a slow-release profile lasting more than six hours, similar to that of nanofibers in most cases with kinetic of Higuchi order. Cross-linking both systems further sustained drug release for more than 7 h, particularly in formulations with higher sodium alginate content. The nanofiber exhibited higher antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, particularly when formulated 10% of SA. Additionally, nanofibers showed higher cell viability upon contact with fibroblast cells and higher bioadhesive strength ranging from 2.3 to 3.6 N/cm2 in compare with wafers (ranging from 1.6 to 2.5 N/cm2). CONCLUSION:Formulations of pharmaceutical wafers and nanofibers are interchangeable, and are suitable for prolonged delivery of sulfacetamide, a water-soluble drug; however, nanofibers showed higher biocompatibility, antibacterial activity and bioadhessiveness.

Background: Burn injuries remain a major clinical challenge, particularly in resource-limited settings where safe, effective, and affordable topical therapies are essential. Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice root) has long been recognized for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, yet its efficacy in human burn wound management remains underexplored. The current study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects of a 5% G. glabra gel formulated in a guar gum base on wound healing and scar outcomes in patients with second-degree burns. Methods: 48 adult patients with superficial or deep second-degree burns (<10% TBSA) were randomly assigned to receive either a topical G.glabra gel (n = 24) or standard silver sulfadiazine (SSD) cream (n = 24). The primary outcome was time to complete wound healing. Secondary outcomes included changes in Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores and subcomponents (vascularity, height, pliability, pigmentation, pain, and pruritus) assessed on Days 1, 7, 14, and 21. The total phenolic content of the extract was measured spectrophotometrically. Results: The G.glabra group showed significantly faster wound closure (mean 11.75 ± 3.80 vs. 16.33 ± 3.76 days, p < 0.001) and greater reductions in total VSS score by Day 21 (p < 0.001). All VSS components showed full resolution in the treatment group, compared to partial recovery in controls. Total phenolic content of the extract was 55.96 mg GAE/g, supporting its bioactive potential. Conclusions: Topical application of G.glabra gel significantly accelerated burn wound healing and scar resolution compared to standard treatment. These findings support the integration of phytotherapeutic agents in modern burn care and warrant further large-scale trials.

Background: infantile colic observes 10 to 40% of infants during first few months of life. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Fumaria parviflora Lam. (will fumitory) aqueous extract on infantile colic. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 breastfed infants suffering from infantile colic were randomly assigned to two groups. Will fumitory group and simethicone group received will fumitory extract and simethicone for 10 days, respectively. During the period of study, changing in infants'colic symptoms including duration of crying, stooling frequency and consistency as well as probable side effects were inquired every day from the parents. Results: The reduction in daily crying duration (<50%) was significantly in will fumitory group (25 vs. 6; p<0.001) as well as cure rate of 100% in this group. There were no significant differences in weight gain, stooling frequency, incidence of constipation, diarrhea and regurgitation between two groups (p>0.05). No adverse effects related to will fumitory and simethicone group were observed. Conclusion: Will fumitory make a considerable improvement in colic related crying in comparison with simethicone. It was also well tolerable by infants suggesting as a new therapeutic approach in infantile colic.

Abstract Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common ovarian dysfunction. Recent studies showed the effectiveness of licorice on metabolic profiles with inconsistent findings. So, we investigated the effect of licorice on obesity indices, glycemic indices, and lipid profiles in women with PCOS. Methods This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 66 overweight/obese women with PCOS. The participants were randomly assigned to receive either 1.5 gr/day licorice extract plus a low-calorie diet (n = 33) or placebo plus a low-calorie diet (n = 33) for 8 weeks. Participants’ anthropometric indices and body composition were assessed using standard protocols. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin levels, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured using enzymatic kits. The homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and HOMA of β-cell function (HOMA-B) were calculated using valid formulas. Results Between-group comparisons demonstrated significant differences between the groups in terms of obesity indices (body weight, BMI, and body fat), lipid profiles (TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C), FBS and insulin levels, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B at the end of the study (P < 0.05). Supplementation with licorice plus a low-calorie diet was also more effective in improving all parameters than a low-calorie diet alone after adjusting for confounders (baseline values, age, weight changes, and physical activity changes) (P < 0.05). Conclusion The findings showed that licorice consumption leads to improvements in obesity indices, glucose homeostasis, and lipid profiles compared to placebo. Due to possible limitations of the study, further research is needed to confirm these findings.

The interest on distributed generation has been increasing in recent years, especially due to technical development on generation systems that meet environmental and energy policy concerns.One of the most important distributed energy technologies is Combined Cooling, Heat and Power (CCHP) systems.CCHP is a small and self-contained electric, heating and cooling generation plant that can provide power for household applications, commercial or industrial facilities.It can reduce power loss and enhance service reliability in distribution systems.Since the input of a CCHP system is natural gas then natural gas price is so important in CCHP penetration level in DG's market.In this paper authors by considering gas price, capital cost and also sales revenue, find the effects of these parameters in financial parameters for a multi-carrier energy system with optimal size and operation by applying COMFAR III software.

Today pricing policy in the electricity network is an effective way to oblige users to change their consumption during peak hours.At the same time by increasing distributed energy resources like Combined Heat and Power (CHP) and also gas network penetration level in huge areas it will be more attractive to use gas price as another motivated factor to alter electricity consumption curve.In this article, based on energy hub concept, an optimization approach related to the power dispatch through an energy hub is simulated and consequently an effective pricing policy of natural gas, to have a maximally electricity load shaving, is determined.

Cost of annual energy loss occurs in distribution networks is an important issue in distribution systems planning, design and operation & discos are pleased to be informed about financial worth of loss extract from their profit to evaluate economic feasibility of improvement projects.there are several dominating factors involved in distribution loss cost evaluation, but most of the times price of loss occurs in distribution systems is calculated regardless of location, consumption pattern and etc, but recent changes in Iran distribution power system including removing energy subsidies, deregulation, increase in distributed generation units and trend toward loss reduction had been resulted in much more importance to have actual price of distribution network losses.In this paper, Distributed generation units penetration level influence on distribution networks worth of loss is investigated, power delivered to distribution systems from these resources is directly connected to loads and no transmission cost is involved, in the proposed formulation this difference between centralized and decentralized generation is covered.It is shown that distribution worth of loss follow a U-shape trajectory by increase in distributed generation units' penetration level.

Background: Developing drugs with higher efficacy and fewer side effects for psychological disorders has always been of interest. The rhizome of Polypodium vulgare L. (common polypody) has been used as a mood stabilizer in Persian Medicine (PM). Objectives: The present study evaluates the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of the hydroethanolic extract of common polypody rhizome (PEE) and the possible underlying mechanisms in mice subjected to chronic restraint stress (CRS). Methods: Sixty NMRI male mice were exposed to CRS and received either a vehicle, fluoxetine, or PEE (at doses of 250, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg.kg-1). The forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), open-field test (OFT), and elevated-plus maze (EPM) were conducted to evaluate depressive-like and anxiety-like behavior. Oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers, as well as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), were measured in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP). Corticosterone levels were also assessed in serum samples. Results: Polypody rhizome increased the time spent in the central zone of the OFT, as well as the time spent and the number of entries into the open arms of the EPM, while it decreased the immobility time in the FST and TST. Administration of PEE caused a significant decline in serum levels of corticosterone, as well as tissue levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Additionally, it increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the PFC and HIP. Polypody rhizome also significantly restored total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and BDNF expression in the HIP. Moreover, Bcl-2 levels increased in the PFC, and Bax and caspase-3 expressions were downregulated in both regions with PEE administration. Conclusions: Polypody rhizome exerted anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in behavioral tests and reversed CRS-induced oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic alterations.

With the development of distributed generation (DG) technologies and the implementation of policies to encourage their applications, The Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power (CCHP) systems is expected to play a greater role in the commercial buildings in the future.CCHP is a promising efficiency improvement and carbon mitigation strategy, but careful operation mode is required to achieve a reasonable system performance according to energy consumption characteristics of buildings and technical features of equipments [1].This paper presents an energy dispatch method which minimizes the cost of energy (e.g., cost of electricity from the grid and cost of natural gas into the gas turbine and boiler) base on the energy hub concept and by regarding carbon market rules.The system includes combined heating power (CHP) module, auxiliary boiler, absorption chiller, utility grid and electrical, thermal, and cooling loads.In fact, by solving this model, optimal energy flow will be determined regarding both the amounts of electric, thermal, and cooling loads in each time interval and prices of electricity and natural gas at the same time, by considering environmental constrains.In the cost function of this model, the total economic benefit of this system is maximized during total daily operation time.The results of an optimal operation model have been discussed economically and a case study has been investigated.

Background:Obesity is an important factor in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Patients with NAFLD are at increased risk for hypertension. Some investigations have hypothesized that Cornus mas L. fruit can improve blood pressure and obesity. We investigated the effect of Cornus mas L. fruit extract on blood pressure variables, anthropometric and body composition indices in patients with NAFLD.Methods:This double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted on fifty patients with NAFLD. Patients received 20 cc/d Cornus mas L. fruit extract or placebo for 12 weeks. We measured diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat mass (BFM), body fat percent (BFP) and fat free mass (FFM) at the baseline and after intervention.Results:The treatment group compared to the control group showed a significant reduction in DBP (-8.62 ± 11.86 vs. 0.53 ± 8.53; P = 0.009), SBP (-8.63 ± 14.37 vs. 0.0 ± 12.67; P = 0.04), BFM (-0.2 ± 3.9 vs. 0.7 ± 2.4; P = 0.02) and BFP (-0.2 ± 4.9 vs. 0.8 ± 2.8; P = 0.05) after adjusting for confounding factors. However, we found no significant difference between groups in weight, WC, HC, WHR and FFM (P > 0.05). Conclusions:Cornus mas L. can improve blood pressure. Further studies with higher dosages of extract are needed to clarify its effects on obesity. Trial registration: Registered on 30 September 2018 at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20180419039359N1 (https://www.irct.ir/trial/30707).

Background: Burns are one of the most common injuries; however, there are few medications to repair burned skin. Although antibacterial drugs such as topical silver sulfadiazine may prevent wound infections, they usually cannot accelerate skin healing. Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis L.) has long been used in Iranian traditional medicine to deal with skin burns. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic and aqueous extract of A. officinalis on the histopatho-logic parameters of second-degree burns in mice. Methods: The mice were randomly divided into nine groups (n = 6), including control and treatment groups. Experimental second-degree burns were induced on the dorsal skin of the mice by a metal plate (2 cm in diameter) under general anesthesia. Control and treatment groups were treated twice a day for 21 days topically. Normal saline was used for the control group, and hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of A. officinalis in three concentrations (1%, 2%, and 4%) were used for the treatment groups. All preparations were made in a hydrogel base. Finally, the histopathological parameters of the burned skin, including polymorphonuclear (PMN) migration, epithelialization, angiogenesis, and collagenization, were scored, and the total score of wound healing was calculated. Results: The findings showed that topical application of hydroalcoholic or aqueous extracts of A. officinalis accelerated the wound healing process. They reduced PMN migration, collagenization, epithelialization, and angiogenesis scores compared to the control group. There was a significant difference between the 4% hydroalcoholic extract group and the normal saline group. Conclusions: Althaea officinalis may have been used as an adjunct medication to accelerate wound healing in skin burns.

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Due to the known side effects of many synthetic drugs, the use of herbal and natural substances in treating diseases such as burns has been considered. licorice is a herbal medicine whose stem and underground roots are used in traditional medicine in many countries, including Iran, for anti-inflammatory, stomach ulcer healing, and antimicrobial purposes. Aim of the study: This study investigated the healing effect of hydroalcoholic extract of licorice root on the wound healing process caused by second-degree burns. Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract of licorice was prepared in ethanol solvent, and then the licorice hydrogel product was designed using gelling compounds. Then, in a double-blinded randomized clinical trial, 50 patients with second-degree burns were selected based on inclusion criteria from the patients referred to Yazd Hospital and Isfahan Hospital. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the control group receiving hydrogel without extract and the intervention group receiving hydrogel containing licorice root hydroalcoholic extract. The intervention lasted for 15 days, and during this period, the wound-healing process was evaluated on days 1, 3, 6, 10, and 15. Data were analyzed using SPSS software with independent T-test and Mann-Whitney U tests with a maximum error of 5 %. Results: The rate of inflammation (From the 3rd day to the 10th day), redness (From the 6th day to the 15th day), pain (on the 3rd day), and burning (From the 3rd day to the 15th day) of the wound in the group that used the hydrogel-containing hydroalcoholic extract of licorice root was significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.05), and the healing process was significantly faster than the control group. Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of licorice root can accelerate the healing process of second-degree burns.

Enriched-asafoetida diet attenuates hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic rats

Background and objectives: This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial properties of Salvia limbata, Centella asiatica, and Bacopa Monnieri extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We also examined the synergistic effect of these extracts with ceftazidime and neomycin. The antimicrobial effects of these plants had been reported before but synergistic effect with broad spectrum antibiotics such as ceftazidime and neomycin was an important issue that we tried to determine. Methods: Methanol extracts were prepared by percolation method and phenolics content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the extracts were determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution method. Checkerboard assay was used to evaluate the synergistic effect of the extracts with ceftazidime and neomycin. Results: Salvia limbata methanolic extract with MIC of 25, 100, and 150 mg/mL could inhibit the growth of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and MRSA, respectively. Bacopa monnieri with MIC of 50 mg/mL and 100 mg/mL inhibited the growth of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Centella asiatica did not affect the studied strains. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) results showed partial synergistic activity between S. limbata with ceftazidime and neomycin against P. aeruginosa and MRSA. The MIC of ceftazidime and neomycin in combination with S. limbata was reduced fourfold for each antibiotic. Conclusion: Salvia limbata is a potentially rich source of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties that can be used with ceftazidime and neomycin to provide a synergistic effect.

Background & aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with high risk of cardiovascular diseases. The experimental studies have suggested that Cornus mas L. (cornelian cherry) fruit can improve cardiovascular risk factors. We designed a study to investigate the effect of cornelian cherry fruit extract on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with NAFLD. Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Fifty patients with NAFLD were randomly assigned into the treatment and the control groups. The treatment group received 20 cc/d cornelian cherry fruit extract as liquid form and the control group received 20 cc/d placebo for 12 weeks. The primary outcomes included lipid accumulation product (LAP), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Castelli risk index I (CRI-I), CRI-II and atherogenic coefficient (AC). Results: At the baseline, there was no significant difference between two groups in values of LAP, AIP, CRI-I, CRI-II and AC. After the intervention, no significant change was found in the treatment group compared to the control group in LAP (-0.64 (-6.25 to 8.29) vs. 0.0 (-8.66 to 19.01); P = 0.91), AIP (0.0 +/- 0.08 vs. 0.0 +/- 0.1; P = 0.84), CRI-I (-0.18 +/- 0.63 vs. -0.31 +/- 0.49; P = 0.42), CRI-II (-0.23 +/- 0.56 vs. -0.15 +/- 0.32; P = 0.52) and AC (-0.18 +/- 0.63 vs. -0.31 +/- 0.49; P = 0.42). Conclusion: Cornelian cherry fruit extract has no effect on cardiovascular outcomes. Further studies with longer intervention durations are needed. (C) 2021 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Aims: In Iranian culture, due to some narratives from the prophet Mohammad about the use of frankincense during pregnancy for increasing IQ in children, some women consume frankincense during expectancy. This study's goal is to evaluate the relationship between frankincense used during pregnancy and the incidence of ADHD. Methods: In this study, the case group comprised children 4-17 years old referring to Shahid Chamran Pharmacy in Yazd from summer to winter 2018 for receiving Methylphenidate, those with whom a psychologist had identified ADHD based on DSM-V factors. The control group included children of the same age group but without ADHD. For data gathering, a checklist was used with some questions on smoking, family history of ADHD, presence/absence of a specific disease during pregnancy, frankincense used during pregnancy, and a chemical medication consumed during pregnancy. Results: The main result demonstrated that the children whose mothers used frankincense during pregnancy were 0.67 times less likely to be affected by ADHD than those whose mothers did not use this substance. However, the difference failed to be statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Some studies report that frankincense can bear a positive effect on the development of the brain and possibly adequate formation of dendrites trees, axons and induce proper communication between them, so the impact of frankincense on the brain may be justified by its protective effect against the hyperactive child.

This double‐blind randomized clinical trial aimed to investigate impact of Cornus mas L. fruit extract (CMFE) on liver function in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fifty patients were randomly assigned into the CMFE and placebo groups to receive 20 ml of the extract or placebo for 12 weeks, respectively. Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, cytokeratin 18 (CK‐18) levels, and steatosis and fibrosis scores were examined before and after the intervention. Although, a significant decrease was observed in CK‐18 levels among the CMFE group (288.80 ± 85.40 vs. 235.66 ± 60.38; p = .001) after 12 weeks, no significant difference was found between the two groups. Moreover, a significant increase in fibrosis score in the placebo group (8.20 (6.35–9.40) vs. 8.40 (7.70–13.00); p = .03) as well as a significant difference in this marker (CMEF: 7.64 (6.30–8.25); placebo: 8.40 (7.70–13.00); p = .02) and its changes (CMEF: 0.60 (−1.00–1.07); placebo: 0.80 (−0.25–3.95); p = .02) were found between the groups after 12 weeks. No significant effect was noted on other variables. Therefore, consuming CMFE might have some beneficial effects on liver function markers in NAFLD. However, more studies are required in this area.

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide. Experimental evidence has proposed the beneficial effects of Cornus mas L. (cornelian cherry) extract, as a rich source of anthocyanins, on steatosis and central obesity. However, very few clinical trials were conducted in this regard. We investigated the effect of total anthocyanin-base standardized cornelian cherry fruit extract on hepatic steatosis index (HSI) and NAFLD liver fat score (NAFLD-LFS), and visceral adiposity index (VAI) in patients with NAFLD.Methods:The present study was conducted as a double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial among 50 subjects suffering from NAFLD. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive cornelian cherry extract (20 cc/d, which provides 320 mg/d total anthocyanin) or placebo for 12 weeks.Results:There was no difference between the two groups in HSI, NAFLD-LFS and VAI at the baseline. After 12-week intervention, cornelian cherry extract compared to the placebo demonstrated no significant effect on HSI (change: -0.9 ± 3.5 vs. -1.2 ± 3.2; P = 0.72), NAFLD-LFS (change: 0.2 ± 1.3 vs. 0.1 ± 0.7; P = 0.62), and VAI (change: 0.05 ± 0.7 vs. 0.07 ± 1.0; P = 0.94).Conclusion:Cornelian cherry extract (20 cc/d) for 12 weeks has no effect on steatosis and visceral obesity. To better conclude, further trials with longer intervention durations are required. Trial registration: The study protocol was registered on 30 September 2018 at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials under code IRCT20180419039359N1 (https://www.irct.ir/trial/30707).

Wound healing is a complex process and is influenced by different factors. Aimed to enhance the wound healing procedure, the Moxifloxacin bilayer wafer was designed, optimized and evaluated as an advanced wound healing dressing. The wafers were prepared by the lyophilization and casting method. Optimization was done according to the results of bioadhesion force, swelling index, release rate, T40 and T90 (the time to reach 40% and 90% of release). The optimized wafer was evaluated against in-vitro and in-vivo efficacy using the disc diffusion method and histologic evaluation after application on the wound. The optimized formulation contained HPMC, MC, gelatin and PVP with mounts of 50 mg, 25 mg, 2 mg and 10 mg respectively. The hydrophilic bilayer wafer is adhered to the wound up to the end of wound healing. Application of optimized formulation led to the healing of wound 6 days faster without any sign of infection. The application of this wafer promoted wound healing and epithelium regeneration without any inflammation.