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We report experimental results on three-dimensional momentum imaging measurements of anions generated via dissociative electron attachment to gaseous formamide. From the momentum images, we analyze the angular and kinetic energy distributions for NH$_2^{-}$, O$^{-}$, and H$^{-}$ fragments and discuss the possible electron attachment and dissociation mechanisms for multiple resonances for two ranges of incident electron energies, from 5.3~eV to 6.8~eV, and from 10.0~eV to 11.5~eV. {\it Ab initio} theoretical results for the angular distributions of the NH$_2^{-}$ anion for $\sim$6~eV incident electrons, when compared with the experimental results, strongly suggest that one of the two resonances producing this fragment is a $^2$A$''$ Feshbach resonance.

Objective: The research aims to identify key research factors, prepare research scenarios for universities and analyze the role of these scenarios on the services of academic libraries in the 2034 horizon.Research Method: The present study was conducted with a futures research approach using the GBN method. Semi-structured interviews were used to identify key factors in the research. Thematic analysis was used to identify the themes in the qualitative data of the interview. To evaluate the impact of research scenarios on the services of academic libraries, academic library manager viewpoints have been surveyed.Findings: A total of 24 key research factors were identified based on the experts' viewpoints through the thematic analysis of the interviews. The two factors identified with the greatest importance and uncertainty for formulating research scenarios are the status of international scientific and research cooperation, and the "government approach to research". Four scenarios for university research are presented: 1. The national and international research boom will create an open research mechanism in universities; 2. Failure to pay attention to national research will provide opportunities for an international research boom; 3. Support for national research; and 4. Stagnation of national and international research programs. A survey of university central library managers found that research scenarios and strategic plans had a direct impact on academic library services.Originality: According to the authors, the present study was conducted for the first time both in Iran and abroad and has the necessary innovation and knowledge.

We report recent results of mass-resolved anion fragment momentum imaging experiments to investigate dissociative electron attachment to formic acid, for incident energies between 5 eV and 9 eV. A remarkable site-selectivity is found for a resonance at 8.5 eV by comparing anion fragment yields for two deuterated isotopologues of formic acid. This results in an H- fragment from the O-H bond of the transient anion, with negligible contribution from C-H break. In contrast, a lower-energy resonance at 7.1 eV dissociates by C-H or O-H break to produce H and the neutral radicals HOCO or HCOO.

Purpose: The aim of present research is comparative study of the factors encouraging or inhibiting informal study among male and female graduate students in Tarbiat Moallem Azerbaijan University, as well as evaluation of the amount of their informal study. Methodology: This research used survey method. The population under study included 260 students among 2600 graduate university students (1500 male and 1100 female students) in Tarbiat Moallem Azerbaijan University. A questionnaire was used for data collection. This questionnaire was analyzed and confirmed by faculty members of Tarbiat Moallem Azerbaijan University. Also, its reliability was measured in SPSS software as Kronbach alpha which was 0.872, which indicates good reliability. Descriptive and analytical statistical methods were used to answer the study questions and test the hypotheses. Findings: a) There is a significant difference between the amount of informal study in female and male university students, and mean amount of informal study among all students was 30 minutes; b) No significant difference was observed in the factors encouraging informal study and the gender variable; c) There is significant difference in some factors inhibiting informal study and the gender variable. For instance, use of internet, computer games, not being optimistic to future, and not considering science as valuable; d) In general, the most significant factors which inhibit informal study from the viewpoint of mentioned students are high cost of books, no access to favorite books, high amount of university assignments, watching TV, no sufficient free time for study, no desirable advertisement concerning study, not being used to studying from childhood, few number of public libraries, people’s not considering knowledge as valuable, not being optimistic to future, amusement programs, economic problems, use of internet, low circulation of books, and computer games; e) The main factors encouraging informal study include being used to studying from childhood, possessing a personal library, development of book-reading centers, encouragement by university professors, teachers, parents, and friends, existence of a library in vicinity of education place, training the techniques for studying, increase in family’s income, level of education, studying and social position of family members, and holding book-reading competitions. Originality/Value: This comparative research has been carried out for the first time on the factors encouraging or inhibiting informal study from viewpoint of female and male university students. Previous studies have mostly been performed regarding the amount and subjects of informal study among the students.

The present paper has studied the patrons’ satisfaction with services offered by the central library in the city of Tabriz. Its objective was to uncover the weaknesses and the strengths. The findings showed that 66.3% of the patrons were satisfied with the library services. The highest satisfaction rate concerned library internet services and Namayeh Database (90.7%), Service Lead Time (86.7%), and the number of books lent (82.0%). Patrons were most dissatisfied with the state of the reading halls (52.8%), Librarians manners and wait time to receive services in the library.