An electronic flat knitting machine is traditionally used for knitting pullovers and other outerwear garments. When a typical electronic flat knitting machine runs for a certain time, the needle bed is filled with dust and lubrication. In order to solve this problem, a new needle bed cleaning machine is designed and manufactured by R&D department of "NIT ORME" Co. located in Turkey. In this article, the introduction of the washing machine, of which the prototype is produced and patented, and some analyzes, such as; structural, fluid flow and vibration, performed during the design of the machine is presented. SoloidWorks, ANSYS-Structural and ANSYS-CFX are the commercial softwares used for the analyses. As a result of the prototype production, the needle bed of knitting machines is automatically washed and dried faster than similar products in a practical, easier and functional way. Additionally, the cleaning costs are reduced by 70% with the washing machine.

In this study, a numerical and experimental analysis of a solar collector with roughness elements in the form of stainless-steel scourers on the absorber surface is presented. According to the location type and number of the stainless steel scourers, the absorber surfaces are referred to as the complex surface (C1), less complex surface (C2), and flat surface (C3). A Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis was carried out using ANSYS-CFX-R18.2 commercial software. The results were verified with the experimental study. After the numerical study was confirmation with the experimental study, then the detailed investigation was performed by numerical simulations. The extracted results of the numerical and experimental analysis concerned the air temperature and velocity, and thermal efficiency, which varied with respect to the type of collector. As a result, the C1 type yielded the highest air velocity and air temperature, while the lowest values of air velocity and temperature were recorded for the C3 type, according to both the numerical analysis and experimental tests. This trend was similar for the efficiencies. The efficiency was nearly 80% for collectors with stainless-steel scourers, whilst it was 55% for the flat plate collector. The results showed that the experimental and numerical results agreed well.

In this study, the transient and steady-state heat transfer caused by an air jet impinging on a heated plate moving back and forth in the horizontal direction is investigated experimentally. The jet flow issuing form nozzle of various geometry (circular, triangle, square) is impinged on rough and smooth surfaces. In addition, Reynolds number (jet velocity), distance between the nozzle and the plate, plate velocity and stroke are considered as independent parameters that could affect the heat transfer.The optimum number of experiments is determined with the help of Taguchi design of experiment method. The transient and steady-state heat transfer are analyzed by means a high-technology thermal camera. Local and average Nusselt numbers representing the heat transfer characteristics are calculated in response to the variable parameters. Comparative graphs and ANOVA test results are presented and evaluated in order to determine the effects of parameters on heat transfer. As a result, it has been seen that Reynolds number (82

This study investigates the impact of wavy tubes and CaCl6H2O + Al2O3 nanoPCM on the thermal performance of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger during the charging process through numerical simulations. To validate the accuracy of the findings, the findings are compared with data from a previously published experimental study. The experimental setup involved circulating hot water at 65 °C through U-tube heat exchanger tubes, with a phase change material positioned between the tubes and the outer shell. Al2O3 was incorporated into the phase change material at concentrations of 1%, and 2%. Wavy tubes were employed exclusively for the nanoPCM with no additives. The results demonstrate that the utilization of wavy tubes, as opposed to straight tubes, resulted in a significant decrease in the time required for melting —specifically by 64%, 76%, and 80% for CaCl6H2O nanoPCM with 1% Al2O3 and 2% Al2O3, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of combining nanoPCM with wavy tubes to enhance thermal performance in comparison to conventional straight-tube heat exchangers, with the added benefit of potentially reducing pump-related costs.

Jet impingement is a widely utilized technique in engineering, particularly for cooling high-temperature systems like aircraft engines and electronic devices. This study employs numerical analysis to examine the flow dynamics of dual impinging pulsating nanofluid jets, utilizing the ANSYS software platform. This research examines the combined impact of key parameters, including jet geometry, pulsation frequency and amplitude, nanoparticle volume concentration, and Reynolds numbers, on the efficiency of heat transfer. The impact of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) nanofluids with varying concentrations (1%, 2%, 4%, and 5%) on thermal performance is assessed. The findings of the study demonstrate that the pulsating jets generate bidirectional swirling flows and reverse vortices upon impact with the surface, resulting in notable enhancements in local heat transfer rates. These vortices expand and form wall jets, which contribute to an increase in the heat transfer coefficients and Nusselt numbers. The simulations demonstrate that higher pulsation frequencies (30 Hz) result in a 10% increase in heat transfer efficiency compared to lower frequencies (10 Hz). This is attributed to enhanced flow dynamics and improved heat distribution. Moreover, the incorporation of nanoparticles markedly enhances heat transfer efficiency. The Nusselt numbers were observed to increase by 18% when the concentration of nanoparticles reached 5%, in comparison to plain water. Additionally, the study underscores the significance of jet spacing, wherein an optimal separation distance of 100 mm between the dual jets was identified as a means of maximizing heat transfer by fostering effective vortex interactions. Higher Reynolds numbers contribute to the formation of thinner thermal boundary layers, thereby facilitating increased heat transfer rates, particularly at the stagnation points where the flow impinges directly on the surface. Overall, the study demonstrates that substantial enhancements in heat transfer can be achieved by optimizing key parameters such as pulsating frequency, amplitude, nanoparticle volume concentration, and jet distances.

Expanded clay (exclay) aggregate and cherry tree resin are used in this study to produce a lightweight construction material. Based on the grain diameter, exclays are classified as d = 2–4 mm and d = 4–6 mm. Cement is added to each group as the binder material. The exclay ratios vary as 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of the total volume in the samples. The cherry tree resin is poured into the concrete mixture with a ratio of 1% and 1.5% of cement + exclay mixture in order to form artificial pores in each sample group. The produced samples are subjected to some tests, such as thermal conductivity, water absorption and compressive strength. It is determined that due to the increase in exclay ratios and particle diameter, there is an increase in porosity along with water absorption, but there is a decrease in density, thermal conductivity and compressive strength. Hence, these newly produced concretes are recommended for panel walls, brick, concrete briquettes, inner and outer plaster and concrete partition elements.

In this study submerged arc furnace (SAF) of an important ferrochrome production facility in Elazig-Turkey is discussed. The 1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics are applied to the SAF in which smelting processes of chrome ore are carried out. It has been concluded that, the energy efficiency of the SAF in the facility is 50.69% and the exergy efficiency is 46.49%. The energy losses are nearly 5.85% of the total energy entering into the control volume, and the exergy losses is 20.39% of the total exergy input. The results show that there are some areas to improve the energy and exergy efficiencies. The energy efficiency is 50.69%. The exergy efficiency is 46.49%. Lost energy is 182.85 GJ. Lost exergy is 831.16 GJ.