Background and Aims : It is well-known, that under diabetes mellitus (DM) and related disorders pathological changes of eating behavior are observed. Aim of our work was to study the potential influence of NMDA-receptors antagonist memantine on feeding behavior under experimental DM in Syrian golden hamsters.Methods: Experimental studies were carried out in Syrian golden hamsters (n=40). Animals were divided in 4 groups (intact control – IC; animals with DM – DM induced by high calorie diet and streptozotocin injections; animals with DM which memantine (DM+memantine) or metformine (DM+metformine) or combination of drugs (DM+memantine+metformine) were administrated during 2 weeks intragastrically. The number of food acceptance acts and mean time of eating (in seconds) were assessed for feeding behavior evaluation. Blood glucose level and insulin content were measured.Results: It was found that DM modelling provoke a significant increasing in number of food acceptance acts (in 65.4%) and mean time of eating (in 41.7%) compare to IC group. Metformine and memantine administration correct these pathological changes, but combination of the medicines demonstrated the most effective influence on marker’s normalization comparison with the DM and DM+metformine groups. All behavioral markers changes correlated with a proportional basal glycemia and insulin resistance levels decreasing. These findings indicate that memantine can regulate the feeding behavior in animals under the pathological changes of carbohydrate metabolism.Conclusions: NMDA-antagonist memantine has a potential correct influence on feeding behavior pathological changes under the experimental diabetes mellitus in hamsters. Background and Aims : It is well-known, that under diabetes mellitus (DM) and related disorders pathological changes of eating behavior are observed. Aim of our work was to study the potential influence of NMDA-receptors antagonist memantine on feeding behavior under experimental DM in Syrian golden hamsters. Methods: Experimental studies were carried out in Syrian golden hamsters (n=40). Animals were divided in 4 groups (intact control – IC; animals with DM – DM induced by high calorie diet and streptozotocin injections; animals with DM which memantine (DM+memantine) or metformine (DM+metformine) or combination of drugs (DM+memantine+metformine) were administrated during 2 weeks intragastrically. The number of food acceptance acts and mean time of eating (in seconds) were assessed for feeding behavior evaluation. Blood glucose level and insulin content were measured. Results: It was found that DM modelling provoke a significant increasing in number of food acceptance acts (in 65.4%) and mean time of eating (in 41.7%) compare to IC group. Metformine and memantine administration correct these pathological changes, but combination of the medicines demonstrated the most effective influence on marker’s normalization comparison with the DM and DM+metformine groups. All behavioral markers changes correlated with a proportional basal glycemia and insulin resistance levels decreasing. These findings indicate that memantine can regulate the feeding behavior in animals under the pathological changes of carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusions: NMDA-antagonist memantine has a potential correct influence on feeding behavior pathological changes under the experimental diabetes mellitus in hamsters.

Growing blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Highbush blueberry) as a berry crop is developing dynamically, especially in warm temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions of the world. When blueberry is cultivated on plantations, the bushes are pruned annually, and tons of leaves become waste. Thus, the aim of the present study was to create a preparation from blueberry leaves, study their chemical composition and determine their potential as a dietary supplement for the prophylactic and correction of the metabolic syndrome. Several schemes for obtaining extracts from blueberry leaves have been developed, including one with addition of arginine. A total of 18 phenolic substances were identified and quantified in the extracts by TLC and HPLC methods. Chlorogenic acid, hyperoside, and rutin were shown to be dominating constituents. Quantitative determination of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, flavonoids and other phenolics in the extracts was performed by spectrophotometric method. The extracts administration led to a significant decrease in the level of glucose, insulin and triacylglycerols in blood serum of adult mature inbred rats with insulin resistance induced by the fructose-enriched diet. The most promising one was the extract modified with arginine. The determined hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of chemically standardized extracts from highbush blueberry leaves indicate the potential of this crop residue in utilization as a dietary supplement recommended in prevention of ailments associated with metabolic syndrome.

Topicality. According to WHO experts estimation, the worldwide prevalence of diabetes mellitus is pandemic, with more than 80 % of patients dying from the fatal effects of diabetic angiopathy. One of the most common complications of diabetes of both types is the formation of chronic wound defects, and eventually gangrene of the lower limbs with the transformation into sepsis, which cases to 3.2 % of deaths against the background of diabetes.Aim. To study the effect of combined medicine magnesium and pyridoxine on the course of the reparative skin process in rats with experimental insulin resistance.Materials and methods. The study has been carried out in 60 rats males weighing 180-220 g. Experimental insulin resistance in rats was induced under conditions of the hypercaloric diet and intraperitoneal administration of dexamethasone. Studies of the process of skin repair have been performed on models of full-layer stencil and linear cut wounds, as well as determination of carbohydrate metabolism markers and glycosylation products in serum and hemolysate.Results and discussion. The use of pyridoxine in combination with a reparant (retinol acetate) resulted in a significant reduction in wound area as early as 5 day of treatment and effectively reduced the total time of complete epithelialization; and also increased the load under tensiometry, which corresponded to 72.8 % of the reparative activity of this therapeutic scheme. Against the background of the pyridoxine the content of fructosamine and glycosylated hemoglobin also has been significantly reduced, which confirms the antiglycosylative properties of vitamin.Conclusions. Pyridoxine is able to potentiate the wound healing effect of reparants under the insulin resistance due to its antiglycosylation properties. The results of this study allow us to recommend further research of pyridoxine in combination with standard skin repairs in the treatment of wounds in patients with hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus.

Background and Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) stay the most common endocrine pathology and predictor of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the search for new potential antidiabetic agents is continuing. It is well known that apoptosis activated under DM. In this study, we investigated the effect of non-selective NMDA-receptor antagonist memantine on apoptosis markers in normoglycemic rats.

group did not show a significant increase in latent and total time. This may indicate a decrease in the excitatory effect of caffeine (10 mg/kg) by peptide. The latent and total time in the light compartment of gidazepam is significant more than the control group, and given the smaller number of sighting and significant inhibition of locomotor activity, we can assume significant anxiolytic properties of gidazepam, but with a pronounced sedative effect at a dose of 15 mg/kg. The group «gidazepam+peptide» showed a residence time of 3.3 times less in the illuminated compartment, and the number of sighting was 33% more than gidazepam. Locomotor activity in the group «gidazepam+peptide» did not differ from the control group. All this indicates the reduction of anxiolytic and sedative properties of gidazepam. According to the results of the experiment, the studied peptide in the light/dark test shows the ability to reduce the stimulating effect of caffeine and the inhibitory effect of gidazepam. Conclusions. In the light/dark test, a solution of the modified NPY fragment at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg after intranasal administration showed the ability to reduce the effect of compounds capable of activating and inhibiting the CNS. The peptide under study restores the latent time of entry to the dark compartment and the total time in the light compartment to the level of control animals. This suggests that the test compound has regulatory, normotimic properties on the CNS.

Pandemic of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is still one of the most acute medical and social problem in the world It's well known that development of severe complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, is most often associated with comorbid condition and patients age (category over 50 years) Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease, clinical and epidemiological trials confirm it's a high risk factor for progression and mortality in patients with COVID-19 The aim of the work was to analyze the data of the scientific literature on the suspected pathophysiological mechanisms between diabetes mellitus and coronavirus disease association The article highlights role of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 expression changes, which is defined as a functional target on the cell surface for SARS-CoV-2 penetration The review analyzes the results of experimental studies about effects of medicines included in diabetes clinical protocols (insulin, glucagon like peptide-1 analogues, thiazolidinediones derivates, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-2 receptor blockers, statins) on ACE-2 activity Immunological disorders in diabetes mellitus patients, may significantly affect the COVID-19 state, in particular, due late hyperinflammatory condition and cytokine storm syndrome formation, which are predictors of serious complications, including acute respiratory distress syndrome The results of the retrospective clinical study that involves people with COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus who don't have other comorbidities were analyzed Conclusions The data presented in current review necessitate further clinical trials for objective assessment of the potential benefits and risks of medicines used in patients with diabetes under COVID-19 and for treatment regimens revision in case of adverse effect on disease progression and state The review data indicate a high risk of unfavorable prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with diabetes mellitus

Topicality. Phenylketonuria is a congenital pathology of amino acid metabolism, which is a rare (orphan) disease. Depending on the regions of the world and the ethnic origin of the inhabitants, its prevalence can vary from 1/2600 to 1/200000. Phenylketonuria is caused by a deficiency of liver enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase, which catalyzes the hydroxylation of phenylalanine, resulting in the formation of tyrosine. Enzyme deficiency leads to hyperphenylalaninemia, and in the absence of adequate therapeutic measures will lead to profound and irreversible disability of the patient.Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of amino acid mixtures “Nutri-2”, “Nutri-3”, “PAM-2” and “PAM-3”, as well as to determine the biochemical parameters of the blood of four groups of patients on these diets according to their age needs.Materials and methods. On the basis of Kharkiv interregional specialized medical-genetic center of rare (orphan) diseases, treatment of phenylketonuria with the use of amino acid mixtures was introduced and further biochemical analysis of patients’ blood was performed. The results of biochemical parameters of blood of four groups of heterosexual and different-aged patients on different amino acid mixtures were taken for the study. The study involved 16 patients of different sexes aged 4 to 29 years.Results and discussion. The determined values of most biochemical markers in patients with PKU were within the reference values. In some patients taking PAM-2, minor changes were observed, which were reflected in increased urea content and activity of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase outside the upper limit of normal.Conclusions. New therapeutic foods have more balanced nutritional composition, developed according to modern dietary recommendations, which is confirmed by stable biochemical parameters of the blood of patients with phenylketonuria.

Treatment of periodontal disease is one of the most important and complex problems of dentistry. Among periodontal diseases, gingivitis is the most common form of damage to the periodontal tissues; without proper treatment it tends to develop into a progressive form of periodontitis. Despite many years of experience in the use of stable combinations of antibacterial agents in dental gels, the creation of new combined drugs with the improved biopharmaceutical properties remains an urgent task for pharmaceutical industry.Aim. To study the wound-healing effect of the gel and determine the effect of the presence of hyaluronic acid in the composition on the intensity of the reparative process.Materials and methods. The wound-healing activity of new objects was studied on the model of a full-layer stencil wound. The test drugs were applied daily once a day in the dose of 20 mg/cm2 until complete healing. The main indicators of verification of the wound-healing effect of drugs were the area of stencil wounds, the rate of the healing rate and the percentage of animals with healed wounds.Results. The results of the dynamics of planimetric parameters showed that from the 4th and 7th days of the treatment the reduction of the wound area under the effect of the gel with hyaluronic acid was probably more effective than in the groups where the gel without hyaluronate and the reference drug were used. Complete epithelialization of wounds in all animals in the group where the combined gel was used was observed on day 14 compared to day 21 in the control group.Conclusions. By its reparative action the dental gel with hyaluronic acid is not inferior to the reference drug with methyluracil and miramistin and significantly exceeds the effectiveness of the gel without hyaluronate, which makes it a promising object for the in-depth pharmacological study and further clinical application.

develop into a progressive form of periodontitis. Despite many years of experience in the use of stable combinations of antibacterial agents in dental gels, the creation of new combined drugs with the improved biopharmaceutical proper- ties remains an urgent task for pharmaceutical industry. To study the wound-healing effect of the gel and determine the effect of the presence of hyaluronic acid in the composition on the intensity of the reparative process. The wound-healing activity of new objects was studied on the model of a full-layer stencil wound. The test drugs were applied daily once a day in the dose of 20 mg/cm 2 until complete healing. The main indica-tors of verification of the wound-healing effect of drugs were the area of stencil wounds, the rate of the healing rate and the percentage of animals with healed wounds. The results of the dynamics of planimetric parameters showed that from the 4th and 7th days of the treatment the reduction of the wound area under the effect of the gel with hyaluronic acid was probably more effective than in the groups where the gel without hyaluronate and the reference drug were used. Complete epithelialization of wounds in all animals in the group where the combined gel was used was observed on day 14 compared to day 21 in the control group. By its reparative action the dental gel with hyaluronic acid is not inferior to the reference drug with methyluracil and miramistin and significantly exceeds the effectiveness of the gel without hyaluronate, which makes it a promising object for the in-depth pharmacological study and further clinical application.

Вступ. У статті представлено огляди сучасних літературних даних про біологічно активний пептид – нейропептид Y(NPY), систему його рецепторів, їх роль в організмі людини і досліджень з вивчення їх терапевтичної та профілактичної ефективності. Вивчення ендогенних сполук, що мають біологічну активність, відкриває шлях до створення нових відносно безпечних лікарських засобів для терапії і профілактики різних патологічних станів. Нейропептид Y – біологічно активний пептид, який поширений в організмі людини і виконує різноманітні функції, зокрема регулює стрес, тривогу, когнітивні процеси, харчову поведінку та ін. Він активує 4 власних рецептори в людини, розташовані в головному мозку та різних внутрішніх органах, що зумовлює широкий спектр його біологічної активності. Наведено дослідження, які показують терапевтичний потенціал нейропептиду Y і сполук, що активують його рецептори для корекції ожиріння, лікування алкогольної залежності, терапії депресії, стресу, посттравматичного стресового розладу, показано здатність NPY впливати на перебіг нейродегенеративних захворювань. Розробляють лікарські засоби – агоністи й антагоністи до рецепторів NPY, а також сполуки-онкомаркери. У ході розробок досліджують сполуки як пептидної, так і непептидної природи, які могли б активувати рецептори NPY. Один із напрямків розробок є модифікація молекули NPY, при якій скорочують ланцюг, з використанням функціонально важливих ділянок і заміщення амінокислотних залишків. Мета дослідження – вивчити сучасні джерела літератури щодо властивостей та застосування нейропептиду Y для розгляду потенційної користі розробки його лікарських засобів. Висновки. Вивчивши літературні джерела, можна зробити припущення, що дослідження системи нейропептиду відкриває перспективний напрямок цілеспрямованої розробки лікарських засобів для корекції ряду метаболічних розладів. З огляду на широке розташування точок прикладання нейропептиду в організмі, можливий терапевтичний вплив на різноманітні органи і системи.

It is known that along with the main stress-adaptive systems, one of the decisive places is occupied by the biologically active peptide – neuropeptide Y (NPY). NPY is a biologically active compound of peptide nature, which is capable to activate 4 different subtypes of NPY receptors in mammals. The prevalence of NPY receptors determines that the system of NPY and NPY receptors is involved in the regulation of many physiological functions, including the feeling of satiety and hunger, circadian rhythms, response to stress, learning, regulation of the vascular tone, sleep, sexual behavior, etc.Аim. To study the effect of the low molecular analog of neuropeptide Y on the behavioral response of rats in the tests “open field” and “elevated plus-maze”.Materials and methods. The study object was a modified terminal NPY fragment containing 9 amino acid residues. The experimental animals received intranasally a solution of the peptide studied in the dose of 0.02 mg/kg, 0.05 mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg. The pharmacological study of the effect of the compound on the behavioral reactions of rats was performed using the tests “open field” and “elevated plus-maze”.Results. Experiments in rats showed the presence of anxiolytic properties of the compound without the associated sedative effect. In the tests “open field” and “elevated plus-maze”, the activating effect of the compound on the locomotor activity and a decrease in vegetative manifestations were observed.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that the neuropeptide Y modified fragment is able to affect the anxiety level and research activity of rats; it substantiates the feasibility of further studies of this experimental compound.

Obesity is strongly associated with the insulin resistance development and is an integral pathogenic part of the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and other comorbid pathologies. It is well known that the obesity causes the disorders in adipose tissue endocrine and metabolic activity, which results in the activation of free radical processes. The administration of natural origin substances with antioxidant properties could be a promising direction for obesity and overweight correction. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the usefulness of natural origin active substances with antioxidant properties' administration under the obesity and comorbid disorder treatment. This chapter presents the results of experimental studies that proved the usefulness of phenolic compounds from apple food concentrate (Malus domestica L.) and dry bilberry extract (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) application under experimental metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which are extremely associated with obesity. It has been found that due to expressive antioxidant activity, these compounds exhibit the high efficiency in carbohydrate metabolism disorders' correction (in cases of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes), lipids metabolism disorders' correction (in case of metabolic syndrome), preventing of endothelial dysfunction under experimental insulin resistance, and normalization of antioxidant status in the liver (under experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus).

Aim: During the study of the aromatase inhibitors effect on metabolic disorders, it was found that exemestane significantly caused ascites.This part of pre-clinical study aimed to investigate the potential dysregulatory effect of exemestan on adrenal synthesis of hormones with miniralocorticoid activity under the conditions of experimental metabolic syndrome. Methods:This study was performed using female hamsters (1 and 2, 5 weeks old), that were fed hypocaloric diet for 6 (+3) weeks.Exemestane was administered orally in the dose of 3086 mg/kg for 3 weeks.Ascites caused by decreased liver function were excepted by measuring albumin content and histologic examination.Serum cortisol content was measured by ECLIA method.Serum aldosteron content was measured by ELISA method.Results: Under the conditions of experimental metabolic syndrome exemestane provoked significant increase of cortisol level by 1.56-1.62times and aldosterone level by 1.79-2.75times depending on the age of animals. Conclusion:Exemestane may cause mineralo-and glucocorticoids imbalance in female hamsters with metabolic syndrome.So the confirmation of exemestane safety in patients with adrenal hormones disorders and metabolic comorbidity needs additional clinical researches.

Nowadays in Ukraine prevention and treatment of the climacteric syndrome is an urgent task of modern medicine since according to the WHO data approximately 45 % of women aged 50 years and older apply to hospitals with systemic manifestations of climacteric syndrome, namely hot flushes, the psychoemotional state disorders, depression, etc. Mostly, to reduce the effects of climax in women doctors use the substitution hormonal pharmacotherapy, which has a large number of side-effects, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the range of the pharmaceutical market of non-hormonal drugs based on the medicinal plant raw material, which exhibit the significantly less spectrum of side effects.Aim. To study the acute toxicity of alcoholic drops and the herbal tea with the combined composition based on the medicinal plant raw material for non-hormonal therapy of the climacteric syndrome, assess the hazard of substances for health in the short-term effects and determine the class of toxicity.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 60 white outbred rats, males and females, with the body weight of 200-220 g. Before the study the animals were divided into groups of 6 animals in each. Twenty four hours prior the introduction of drugs all animals were deprived of food. The drugs were introduced in the morning under fasting condition. After oral administration of the test samples of the drugs animals were kept for additional 4 hours without food with free access to water. The test samples studied intragastrically were administered using a special enteral probe,while intraperitoneal injection was performed using disposable three-piece syringes.Results. Following the introduction of test samples in rats in the maximum dose of 5000 mg/kg enterally and 1000 mg/kg, parenterally the signs of intoxication in animals were not observed: all integral indices did not differ from those of intact animals. The animals were clean, active, had a satisfactory appetite, responded to sound and light stimuli, urination and defecation processes were normal, breathing disorders and convulsions were not observed. The reflex excitability in all animals was preserved. When monitoring animals for two weeks no deaths were observed in any of the experimental groups.Conclusions. The complex of the research conducted in studying acute toxicity of alcoholic drops and the herbal tea with the combined composition based on the medicinal plant raw material in rats allowed to determine the absence of toxic effects of drugs in parenteral (LD50 > 1000 mg/kg) and enteral (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg) route of administration. According to the classification of substances by toxicity drops and the herbal tea refers to the IV toxicity class in intragastric and intraperitoneal administration.

Vaccinium myrtillus leaves are the source of natural polyphenols known to improve glycemic control in diabetic conditions through different mechanisms including intestinal a-glucosidase inhibition. In order to increase the effectiveness of V. myrtillus leaf dry extract as a-glucosidase inhibitory drug its sustained release matrix tablets have been developed.Aim. To carry out the pharmacological evaluation of V. myrtillus leaf dry extract and its sustained release matrix tablets as a-glucosidase inhibitory agents.Materials and methods. The matrix tablets were prepared by te wet granulation method. Experimental alimentary metabolic syndrome with persistent insulin resistance was induced in Syrian hamsters by feeding them with highly palatable fat- and sugar rich diet for 12 weeks. From the tenth week of the diet feeding, the pathological hamsters were treated with V. myrtillus leaf dry extract, its sustained release matrix tablets and voglibose tablets as a reference drug. At the end of the treatment period an oral maltose loading test with the determination of blood glucose and serum insulin concentration dynamics was performed. Vaccinium myrtillus leaf dry extract (VMLDE) was obtained according to the method developed under the supervision of Dr. O. Koshoviy (Department of Pharmacognosy, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine) [13]. The excipients used to manufacture sustained release matrix tablets were hypromellose (HPMC) of grades Methocel K4M and Methocel K100LV (Dow Chemical Company, USA), Eudragit L100 (Evonik, Germany), microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) of a grade Avicel PH101 (FMC BioPolymer, USA), Plasdone S-630 (Ashland Inc., USA) and magnesium stearate (S.D. Fine. Chemicals Ltd., India). The tablets containing 0.2 mg of voglibose (“Voksid” produced by Kusum Pharm LLC, Ukraine), a marketed α-glucose inhibitor, were used as a reference drug in this study. Methods used : preparation of sustained release matrix tablets, induction of metabolic syndrome and experimental design, biochemical tests, statistical analysis.Results and discussion. By all markers studied in this work the effectiveness of matrix tablets containing V. myrtillus leaf dry extract exceeded that one of the pure extract and statistically significantly did not differ from reference drug.Conclusions. V. myrtillus leaf dry extract and its matrix tablets possess the antidiabetic action through several mechanisms, including, but not only intestinal a-glucosidase inhibition, therefore they can be considered as promising agents in diabetes and metabolic syndrome treatment.

Introduction. Nowadays, about 86 % among patients with metabolic syndrome have serious disorder of glucose tolerance and about 60 % of them suffer from visceral obesity. Moreover in many worldwide studies it was shown that these pathogenetic manifestations of the metabolic syndrome had a significant correlation with the imbalance of sex hormones.The aim of the study – to learn the effect of third-generation aromatase inhibitors on the parameters of insulin resistance and visceral obesity in hamsters with the experimental metabolic syndrome.Research Methods. The insulin level in the hamster`s blood serum was measured by the enzyme immunoassay method, and the glucose level by the electrochemical method. The mass coefficients of anatomical fragments of adipose tissue were calculated to estimate visceral obesity. The results were processed by using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the 4Pl method.Results and Discussion. All studied drugs, in varying degrees, influenced on the pathogenetic components of the experimental metabolic syndrome. Exemestane was demonstrated the greatest effectiveness in reducing parameter of the insulin resistance by, butletrozole – in decreasing of visceral obesity ratio.Сonclusion. Romatase inhibitors can become promising drugs for correcting the pathogenetic components of the metabolic syndrome, in particular insulin resistance and visceral obesity.

Background Vaccinium myrtillus leaves are known to be rich in phenols and have been used in traditional medicine as an antidiabetic remedy. This study evaluated the powder extract of V. myrtillus leaves obtained with the use of L-arginine and myo-inositol for anti-obesity and lipid-lowering potential in hamsters. Methods Standard phytochemical methods were used to determine the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of the extract. The obesity condition was induced in Syrian hamsters by feeding them with highly palatable fat- and sugar-rich diet (40.3 kcal% fat) for 12 weeks. From the 10th week of diet feeding, the obese hamsters were treated with the powder extract of V. myrtillus leaves (15, 25 and 35 mg/kg/day, respectively) and "Styfimol" (6.2 mg/kg/day of hydroxycitric acid) as a positive control drug. At the end of the treatment period, the biochemical parameters as well as visceral fat mass were determined. Results Vaccinium myrtillus leaves powder extract at 25 and 35 mg/kg/day caused a significant reduction in body weight gain and visceral fat mass in obese hamsters. Serum triacylglycerols, free fatty acids, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were also significantly lower. Besides, the hamsters treated with powder extract at 25 and 35 mg/kg/day had the closest intact value ratio of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and LDL-C compared with positive control animals. Conclusions The results showed that V. myrtillus leaves powder extract is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of obesity and obesity-induced diseases.

Topicality. For treatment of cardiovascular diseases vegetative origin pharmacological preparations with metabolic and cytoprotective effects are increasingly used, but their range is rather limited. Therefore, the search and pharmacological studies of new potent plant origin cardioprotectors are promising.Aim. To study the effectiveness of the new viscous extract application under the conventional name “Cardiosten” for correction of disorders in the body of rats under heart attack induced by elevated doses of adrenaline.Materials and methods. The model of catecholamine-induced myocarditis is reproduced by a single injection of 0.18 % adrenaline solution subcutaneously at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg animal body weight. The expressiveness of the alterative processes in the tissue during adrenal lesion of the myocardium was determined by the heart mass coefficient indicator.Results and discussion. Data analysis has shown that the introduction of a dense extract contributes to an increase in survival of rats with a experimental myocarditis, reduces the degree of heart muscle damage. The cardiosthenic extract at doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, based on the cardioprotective effect of the adrenal myocarditis model, exceeds the effectiveness of the reference drug “Trycardin”.Conclusions. The conducted research confirmed the cardioprotective properties of the viscous extract “Cardiosten”, which makes this pharmacological preparation promising for its further study in order to introduce into the production and application in the clinic of cardiovascular diseases.

Topicality. Edema syndrome is a common manifestation of different pathologies. Search for new diuretics is a topical issue of modern medicine and pharmacy. Natural medications in most cases have a more favorable safety profile, so the study of plant diuretics is a promising direction. The chemical composition of the G. verum is characterized by a high content of flavonoids, anthracene derivatives and terpenoids, which suggests the presence of diuretic activity. The aim of our work was a comparative study of the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of G. verum diuretic activity in rats. Materials and methods. Studies of diuretic activity were carried out in rats according to the Berkhin’s method. The subject of the study were aqueous and alcoholic extracts of G. verum (extragent – ethanol 20 %, 60 % and 96 %). As a reference preparation, the infusion of Equisetum arvense was used. Results and disscusion. The results obtained indicate that the most pronounced diuretic effect was found in the alcoholic extract of G. verum (extragent – 60 % ethanol), which was comparable to that of the reference preparation. The least pronounced activity was observed with the administration of an aqueous extract. Conclusions. Thus, promising for further studies of diuretic activity is the alcoholic extract of G. verum (extragent – 60 % ethanol).