In present work, some immunogenetic aspects of pulmonary tuberculosis were studied, using modern techniques from molecular genetics and immunology. It is shown that carriage of Т allele and homozygous TT genotype in +874А/Т IFNγ gene polymorphism comprise a immunogenetic factor which correlated with a protective effect, regarding a susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis. Predisposition for tuberculosis infection is associated with A allele of this gene, as well as with АА and АТ genotypes of +874A/T IFNγ gene. Clinical evolution of pulmonary tuberculosis is accompanied by increase in IFNγ production.

Abstract. A distribution mode for allelic variants of cytokine genes was evaluated in 184 patients with slow viral infections, including 97 patients with chronic herpetic infection and 87 HIV-infected patients. Using modern methods of immunogenetics, we have found that relative risks of recurrent course and poor outcome of infection are positively associated with AA promoter region genotype and AA promoter genotype of +874 A/T polymorphism in the IFNG gene. Immunogenetic factors associated with protective effect in slow virus infections, include G allele of TNFA gene (G-308A SNP), and T allele/TT genotype of promoter region in the IFNG gene (+874 A/T SNP). (Med. Immunol., 2011, vol. 13, N 1, pp 79-82)

Abstract. Using modern immunological methods of studies, we investigated some immunopathogenetic aspects of rheumatoid arthritis complicated by chronic herpesvirus infection. It was established that both rheumatoid arthritis, and chronic herpesvirus infection are accompanied by pronounced imbalance in production of immunoregulatory Th1/Th2-cytokines produced in immunocompetent cells of peripheral blood. In case of rheumatoid arthritis combined with herpes simplex infection, IL-2 and IFNγγ levels were decreased, whereas IL-4 и IL-6 levels proved to be increased, as compared with isolated diseases under study.

Herpesvirus infection is accompanied by imbalance of peripheral mononuclear production of cytokines, by polarizing an immune response by the Th2 pathway. The homozygous TT genotype of T330G polymorphism in the IL-2 gene is an immunogenetic factor that has a protective activity against susceptibility to herpesvirus infection. The risk of progression, the recurrent course of the infection and its poor outcome is positively associated with the heterozygous TG genotype in the IL-2 gene T-330G promoter region and with the homozygous CC type and C allele in the IL-4 gene C-590T promoter region.

In article is presented, the analysis of the data of the literature and own researches, concerning molecular-genetic mechanisms of antimycobacterial immunity infringements. The role of the factors defining features of a current and an outcome of a tubercular infection, namely of immunity system condition, feature of infecting microbic Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain biological properties (a genotype, a spectrum of drag sensitivity/resistance), influence of combined antitubercular chemotherapy is disc issed. The opinion is expressed that the given factors are necessary for taking into consideration for working out methodology the personalised preventive maintenance and correction of immunity infringements during pulmonary tuberculosis.

В статье представлен анализ данных литературы и собственных исследований, касающихся молекулярно-генетических механизмов нарушений антимикобактериального иммунитета. Обсуждается роль факторов, определяющих особенности течения и исход туберкулезной инфекции, а именно состояние системы иммунитета, особенности биологических свойств инфицирующего микробного штамма Mycobacterium tuberculosis (генотип, спектр лекарственной чувствительности/резистентности), влияние комбинированной противотуберкулезной химиотерапиии. Высказывается мнение, что данные факторы необходимо принимать во внимание для разработки методологии персонализированной профилактики и коррекции нарушений иммунитета при туберкулезе легких.