The paper presents the experience in surgically treating 145 patients with destructive, mainly fibrocavernous pulmonary tuberculosis. All the patients completed treatment. In the preoperative preparation, particular emphasis is laid on the promptest determination of a spectrum of pathogen susceptibility/resistance, individualized chemotherapy, and collapse therapy options. Postoperative complications occurred in 27 (18.6%) patients, fatal outcomes in 4 (2.7%). The former were recorded most frequently after pneumonectomy in 13 (37.1%) cases, the later were seen in 3 (8.6%). Sputum culture conversion was generally achieved in 111 (78%) patients, particularly in 97 (78.2%) patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and in 14 (66.7%) with a broad drug resistance in the pathogen. Out of the 64 patients followed up for more than 3 years, 48 (75.0%) were in clinical and bacteriological remission.

We present epidemiological, clinical, radiological and liq- uorologic characteristics of diseased children and adults with tuberculosis of the meninges. It was indicated the poor diagnosis of the disease in the general health care, that leads to the untimely beginning chemotherapy of specific process, wich has the ability to spread from the shells on the ubstance of the brain, leading to irreversible changes, and often fatal.Obtained the most vulnerables of TMO contingent of children and adults, the most important symptoms ac- companying disease are defined, the experience of treat- ment of tuberculosis meningitis in children and adults is described in details as well as the course and outcomes of the disease, depending on the holding/non-specific ther- apy. Materials are intended for TB specialists doctors and medical first contact clinicians, that is, physicians, pedia- tricians and neurologists.

The study included 90 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were divided into 3 groups, according to intensity and clinical form of the disease. Group 1 included 32 patients with infiltrative tuberculosis and two-segment pulmonary lesions; group 2, 31 patients with pulmonary tuberculoma, and group 3, 27 patients with fibrous/cavernous tuberculosis for less than two years after the process stabilization. Group 4 represented a control (comparison) group of 30 healthy volunteers. The analysis showed that amino acid balance of monocytes in pulmonary tuberculosis can be, in general, characterized as deficient for antioxidant resources. In case of tuberculous inflammation, the criteria of specific resistance comprise a necessary taurine pool to greater extent than glutathione oxidation in immunocompetent cells. The plasma/monocyte taurine ratios exhibit different values, depending on clinical form of pulmonary tuberculosis. Redistribution of plasma amino acids to the monocytes, or, vice versa, probable “washout” certain amino acids from the cells may be considered a factor that reflects severity of the infectious process.

Abstract. The phagocytosis is the key mechanism of organism protection from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The aim of the study is to assess the phagocytal activity of cells in lung tuberculosis by the flowing cytofluorometric method. Overall 39 patients were examined including 14 patients with infiltrative lung tuberculosis, 15 patients with tuberculoma, 10 healthy persons. The patient testing was provided by the machine COULTER®Epics®XL, reagents Phagotest® (Orpegen Pharma), BurstTestKit (Glycotope Biotechnology) and monoclonal antibodies to detect subpopulation of lymphocytes. All obtained data were statistically processed by the software STATISTICА. It was established that the assessment of phagocytal activity of cells is the important criteria of detection of tuberculosis activity in the early stages of observation as well as during the treatment. The flowing cytometria allows rapidly, accurately and objectively assess the phagocytal cells of blood. It was determined that markers of early activation of cells could reflect the activity of pathological process and it can be used for prognosis of clinical course of lung tuberculosis.

The rate and trend in extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) incidence including urogenital tuberculosis (UTB) were estimated in population of the Sverdlovsk region for the last 25 years. Long-term results of treatment of 591 patients with different forms of UTB (renal parenchyma TB, tuberculosis papillitis, monocavernous and polycavernous renal TB, male genital TB) were studied. Ureter was involved in tuberculosis process in 24.7% of UTB cases, urinary bladder--in 20.1%, renal TB combined with male genital TB. Early (non-destructive) forms incidence increased 2.8-fold while advanced forms incidence decreased 1.7-fold. This shows an increased level of detection. Total number of patients operated in state hospitals with undetected, mostly complicated urogenital male tuberculosis remains high--from 7.3 to 16% from all newly detected patients.

According to modern representations the phagocyte is a key link in protection of an organism against tuberculosis mikobakteriya. Studying of possibilities of a flowing cytofluorimetry in an assessment of activity of blood phagocytes of cages at tuberculosis of lungs became the purpose of work. Surveyed 39 people: 14-with an infiltrative form of tuberculosis, 15 – from tuberkulomy, 10 almost healthy people. In work used the CoulterEpicsXL device, Phagotest reagents (Orpegen Pharma), BurstTestKit (Glycotope Biotechnology) and monoclonal antibodies for definition of subpopulations of lymphocytes. Statistical processing is carried out with Statisticа program use. It is established that the assessment activity of blood phagocytes is important criterion of determination of activity of tuberculosis of lungs at early stages of supervision and in the course of treatment, the flowing cytofluorimetry allows quickly, precisely and objectively to estimate activity of blood phagocytes, markers of early activation of a cage can reflect activity of pathological process and be used for forecasting of a course of tuberculosis of lungs.