Objective. To determine relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS), its components and cognitive dysfunction among older adults. Design and methods. Altogether 196 subjects who did not have a history of cerebrovascular events (53 males, 143 females aged 64–86) — survivors of Leningrad Siege — were examined. IDF и АНА/NHLBI (2009) criteria for MS were used. Cognitive function was assessed applying Mini-Mental State Examination scale (MMSE). Results. MS was identifi ed in 48 % subjects. The prevailing components were hypertension, central obesity, hyperglycemia. According to MMSE results there were no participants with signs of dementia, but in 40 % cognitive dysfunction of different degree was found. Memory and attention were most impaired. Total MMSE score was associated with decreased verbal auditory working memory in women of the age group ≤ 70 years old (p < 0,05). Individual components of MS were associated with cognitive dysfunction, but only in women under or 70 years old. In this group participants with cardiometabolic disorders had the lowest scores at “Repetition” and “Sequence of actions” subscales. Hypertriglyceridemia was the component of MS most tightly associated with cognitive dysfunctions. Conclusions. Women with MS (especially with hyper-triglyceridemia) are a risk group of cognitive dysfunctions.

Obesity is one of the most important public health challenges of the XXI century. Currently, the adipose tissue is considered as an active endocrine organ producing hormones — adipokines. Adipokines are the regulators of insulin sensitivity, oxidative stress, energy metabolism, coagulation and inflammatory reactions. That’s why adipokines may be retailers of mechanism of negative actions of obesity on the cardiovascular system. The study of their pathophysiological role will unveil the potential of adipokines as a therapeutic target in the treatment of obesity and associated conditions.

The article reviews in brief the main approaches to the hypertension management in kidney damage based on the recommendations by the leading worldwide experts (the Joint National Committee of the USA, European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension, American Society of Hypertension/International Society of Hypertension) and national guidelines. Treatment algorithm is particularly relevant due to the high prevalence of chronic kidney disease and association between renal damage and persistent blood pressure elevation. The paper concerns treatment approaches in hypertension associated with chronic kidney disease, microalbuminuria, glomerulonephritis, atherosclerotic renal artery lesions, end-stage renal disease, hemodialysis etc.

The articles reviews the main approaches to the choice of the antihypertensive drug in cardiovascular comorbidities based on the data from the worldwide guidelines by the Joint National Committee of the USA, European Society of Cardiology / European Society of Hypertension, American Society of Hypertension /International Society of Hypertension.