Conventional agriculture in Bangladesh faces increasing challenges due to declining arable land, water scarcity, and climate variability. Aeroponics offers a resource-efficient alternative by enabling soil-free cultivation with minimal water use. This study designed a low-cost vertical aeroponic tower using locally available materials and evaluated its performance for lettuce (Lactuca sativa) production. During the cultivation process, lettuce was grown in both aeroponics and soil over a 20-day period in February 2025. Plant height, root length, leaf number, dry biomass, water use efficiency (WUE), and economic return were assessed using independent t-tests. Aeroponic plants showed significantly greater height (26.65 cm), root length (12.3 cm), and dry biomass than soil-grown plants. The aeroponic system achieved a WUE of 15.88 g L⁻¹ and used 94

Soil fertility management and efficient irrigation system could contribute in sustainable vegetable production in Bangladesh. This study evaluated the effects of soil amendments and irrigation levels on the growth, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of yellow squash (Cucurbita pepo L.). A field experiment was conducted at the Sylhet Agricultural University (SAU) campus, Sylhet, using a randomized complete block design consists of six treatments with three replications. Treatments included loamy soil (control), loamy soil with vermicompost, and loamy soil with biochar, each under 60% (deficit) and 80% (deficit) field capacity irrigation. Field level data were collected from sample plants of each plots. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 23.0 software. Results demonstrated that integrating organic amendments with loamy soil under adequate irrigation improves yellow squash productivity, soil fertility, and water efficiency. Among treatments, LCFI80 (vermicompost + loamy soil at 80% field capacity) was identified as the most effective strategy for maximizing fruit yield and plant growth, while LBFI80 (biochar + loamy soil at 80% field capacity) offered the greatest advantage in improving WUE. However, soil amendments and deficit irrigation levels significantly impacted on squash growth and yield. Fruit weight ranged from a minimum of 614 g in LSDI60 (60% field capacity with control soil) to a maximum of 980 g in LCFI80 (80% field capacity with vermicompost-amended soil). Fruit diameter showed a similar trend, with values ranging from 13 cm (LSDI60) to 27 cm (LCFI80). Water use efficiency (WUE) was strongly influenced by soil type: biochar-amended soil showed superior efficiency, ranging from 42 g L⁻¹ in LSFI80 to 53 g L⁻¹ in LBFI80, reflecting its enhanced water-retention capacity. These results of the study provide a practical guidance for soil fertility management through using biochar in vegetable production systems in Bangladesh.

Improper maintenance, inadequate drainage system design, and increasing non-porous surfaces due to urbanization result in waterlogging in urban areas. Shahjalal Upashahar is a prominent urban area in Sylhet city which faces waterlogging conditions due to sediment deposition, leading to the loss of original drainage channel capacity. This study focused on reducing the sediment accumulation in the drainage channel by implementing a sand trap and bar screen mechanism. To design the sand trap for a 100-year return period, the study area was divided into five sub-watersheds using the ArcGIS tool. Rainfall data (2000-2023) were collected from the nearby meteorological station. Based on the determined slope and length of all sub-catchments, the concentration times range from 10.995 to 13.8707 minutes. Using the concentration time, the rainfall intensity was calculated from the Intensity Duration Frequency curve (IDF). The highest runoff was calculated for all sub-watersheds using the rational equation. The peak discharge for catchments 1 through 5 were 1.263, 1.784, 0.254, 1.183 and 1.326 m3/sec, respectively. The required cross-section of the rectangular sand trap was determined using the equation of continuity Q = AV. The bar screen was designed based on the size of solid waste and the prevailing velocity of flow. In this study, the designed cross-sectional areas of sand traps ranging from 0.38 to 2.26 m2 for five sub-watersheds were expected to reduce sediment accumulation by maintaining full drainage channel capacity.

Irrigation scheduling with drip irrigation is a crucial management technique for ensuring optimal soil moisture, thereby promoting plant growth, production, and economic return while enhancing water efficiency. Tomato crops, a mass consumer product grown worldwide, face significant challenges in the Sylhet region due to inefficient water management. To ascertain the best watering schedule for tomato crops based on evapotranspiration, a field experiment was carried out utilizing a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments and four replications. The six treatments include two irrigation frequencies (daily basis, F1 and every alternate day, F2) with three water doses W1, W2, W3 (i.e., 50%ETc, 75%ETc, 100%ETc). The Penman-Monteith method was used to estimate crop water requirements, and water for farming was applied according to designated schedules. Data analysis using SPSS 23 revealed that the impacts of irrigation frequency and water doses on plant growth, fruit yield, and water use efficiency were significant, except for stem diameter. The plant height, number of fruits, number of flowers, yield, and water use efficiency were increased with increasing water doses and decreased with decreasing water doses. The maximum yield was gained by increasing irrigation frequency at F1 and water dosage at W3, but the highest WUE was obtained at a lower irrigation frequency under the treatment F2, with the highest water dose at W3. The study concluded that the irrigation scheduling F1W3 was the best in balancing tomato productivity, fruit quality, and WUE in this study. The findings of this study will help local farmers make sustainable decisions about their irrigation methods.

Climate change–induced drought and salinity stress pose major threats to global food security. These stresses adversely affect plant growth, development, and productivity, leading to reduced crop yields. Developing sustainable and economically viable solutions to enhance crop stability and productivity is imperative through improving water management practices and promote the development of drought and/or salinity-resistant crops against abiotic stresses. Drought priming, a cost-efficient strategy, has emerged as a promising approach to increase plant tolerance to subsequent abiotic stresses. However, it is still unknown whether and how drought priming at the early growth stage reduces the drought and/or salinity stress at the later growth stage and enhances plants’ water use efficiency (WUEp). To investigate the effect of the drought priming on the morphological and yield responses of wheat plants to salinity stress, a pot experiment was carried out under the rain shelter from November, 2021 to March, 2022 at Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh. Two leading wheat cultivars (BARI Gom-28 and WMRI Gom-3) were subjected to two drought priming levels at the fourth and sixth leaf stage and subsequent moderate salinity stress at 100 mmol NaCl applied at the later growth stage. The plant morphological attributes like plant height, tiller length, tillers number, spike length, spikes number, spikelets number per spike, kernel number per spike, dry biomass, and WUEp as well as the yield and yield components were investigated. The results showed that the non-primed plants reduced yield parameters including tiller number, spike number, spike length, kernel number, and biomass by 13, 1, 15, 12, and 14

Poor soil health and inefficient farming practices significantly challenge sustainable agriculture and crop productivity in Bangladesh. This study evaluated the impact of various mulching techniques on soil properties, cauliflower yield, and carbon sequestration in Bangladesh to identify the optimal mulching strategy for sustainable cauliflower production and carbon sequestration. A field experiment in the Bogura district evaluated the effects of various mulching materials—newspaper, rice husk, rice straw, black plastic, craft paper, and no mulch—on soil physicochemical properties and cauliflower production. Data measurement and monitoring assessed soil properties, mulch degradation rates, and cauliflower quality, with organic carbon determined using Walkley and Black's method. Results showed significant impacts of mulching on soil parameters and cauliflower yield. Black plastic mulch increased soil temperature by approximately 6°C and conserved soil moisture by 13.2% compared to the no-mulch (control). Organic mulches, especially rice husk, were superior in conserving soil carbon (21.3 g Kg-1) and increasing available nitrogen (22.4 mg Kg-1), phosphorus (36.5 mg Kg-1), and soil pH (7.4). Although all treatments increased electrical conductivity (EC), the control showed the highest EC value (405.5 µS cm -1). Among organic mulches, craft paper had the highest degradation rate followed by newspaper and rice straw mulches. Cauliflower yield varied with mulch type, with black plastic producing the highest yield (1162.0 g), followed by rice straw (1050.0 g), rice husk (983.0 g), craft paper (821.0 g), and newspaper (752.0 g). These findings suggested black plastic mulch for maximizing cauliflower production in Bangladesh and similar conditions.

Sylhet division is the major tea-producing region of Bangladesh. This study was conducted to explore the potential of rainwater harvesting by a designed model to fulfill the water requirement of the Lackatoorah tea garden during the dry season. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources, and remote sensing data were analyzed using ArcGIS 10.7 to assess soil texture and slope. Four potential sites of (1.5 m ×1m) area were identified to estimate the volume of runoff water in the study. Four tanks with a capacity of 4000 liters were placed to store water as a reservoir for four sites. This study reveals that the study area received maximum average rainfall during June (742.7 mm - 839.2 mm) and July (667.7 mm - 787.2 mm) and the months from October-March received minimum rainfall (<200 mm) over 30 years. In this research, the rainwater was harvested in 2022 and the yearly harvested water for site 1, site 2, site 3, and site 4 are found as 1.99 m3/m2, 1.69 m3/m2, 1.99 m3/m2, and 2.58 m3/m2 respectively. Harvesting the yearly rainfall (5118 mm) in the Sylhet region can meet the net irrigation requirement of 394.48 mm for tea gardens. The catchment area should be taken as (15% - 23%) of a targeted irrigated area with varying runoff coefficients and the total volume of the reservoirs needed for one-hectare tea garden should be made about 3844 m3 based on the average depth of the reservoirs.

The most important factor impacting wheat production is water stress that occurs during the reproductive growth stage. Therefore, the plant responses and water productivity as affected by drought priming were investigated during Rabi seasons 2021 and 2022. The field trials were conducted in the research field of the Department of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. The Hamal-BNS wheat variety was subjected to differing irrigation water regime levels (40%, 50% and 60% of soil water holding capacity, SWHC) after being subjected to drought priming, irrigation water recovery (water closure period) and drought priming. There were six treatments: (1) DPP-40 (drought priming plants at 40% of SWHC), (2) DPP-50, (3) DPP-60, (4) CTP-40 (controlled treated plants at 40% of SWHC), (5) CTP-50 and (6) CTP-60. During the experiment period, soil moisture content was significantly affected by the different treatments at various growth stages of wheat. The results indicated that winter wheat pre-exposed to drought priming attained a stress imprint that improved the subsequent deficit water levels which occurred during the later plant growth stage as demonstrated by the progress of test weight, grain yield, plant level water use efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency as well as relative yield compared to CTP-50 (control treatment). Under the irrigation water regime levels during the post-anthesis period, primed wheat plants sustained grain yield and higher relative yield than wheat plants without priming due to the better irrigation water regime for drought-primed wheat plants. Similarly, primed wheat plants consumed 18.3% less irrigation water as compared to non-primed plants, which significantly increased plant level WUE and irrigation WUE and decreased dry biomass and root development of drought-primed wheat plants. Therefore, to conserve fresh water for other field crops and increase water productivity in the Sindh province, it is recommended that drought priming is used during the early growth period of wheat plants as a successful irrigation method.

Global warming and salinization are inducing adverse effects on crop yield. Drought priming has been proved to improve drought tolerance of plants at later growth stages, however, whether and how drought priming at early growth stage alleviating salinity stress at later growth stage and improving water use efficiency (WUE) of plants remains unknown. Therefore, two wheat cultivars were subjected to drought priming at the 4th and 6th leaf stage and subsequent moderate salinity stress at 100 mmol NaCl applied at the later jointing growth stage. The growth, physiological responses, ABA signaling and WUE were investigated to unravel the regulating mechanisms of drought priming on subsequent salinity stress. The results showed that drought priming imposed at the early growth stage improved the leaf and root water potential while attenuated the ABA concentration in the leaves ([ABA]leaf) for the primed plants, which increased the stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthesis (Pn). Consequently, the biomass under the salinity stress was significantly increased due to earlier drought priming. Moreover, drought priming improved the specific leaf N content due to the facilitated root growth and morphology, and this could benefit high leaf photosynthetic capacity during the salinity stress period, improving the Pn and water uptake for the primed plants. Drought priming significantly improved plant level WUE (WUEp) due to considerably enhanced dry biomass compared with non-primed plants under subsequent salinity stress. The significantly increased leaf δ13C under drought priming further demonstrated that the improved leaf δ13C and WUEp was mainly ascribed to the improvement of Pn. Drought primed plants significantly improved K+ concentration and maintained the K+/Na+ ratio compared with non-primed plants under subsequent salinity stress, which could mitigate the adverse effects of excess Na+ and minimize salt-induced ionic toxicity by improving salt tolerance for primed plants. Therefore, drought priming at early growth stage could be considered as a promising strategy for salt-prone areas to optimize agricultural sustainability and food security under changing climatic conditions.

Under the current context of reducing chemical N input in agriculture, it is important to investigate better N allocation to different growth stages of crops. The plants were subjected to sufficient and reduced soil water regimes in interaction with two N application proportions applied at the vegetative and reproductive growth stages of tomato plants, respectively. In terms of the soil water impact, across the N proportion treatments, the reduced water treatments significantly decreased leaf and biomass growth by 33% and meanwhile remarkably reduced stomatal conductance of leaves, which significantly decreased water consumption by 41%. Consequently, plant WUE markedly decreased by 10.4%. The N uptake and fresh yield were considerably reduced by 37.5% and 39.3%, respectively. Regarding the N proportion effect across the soil water treatments, the lower N application of 30% at the vegetative growth stage significantly enhanced photosynthesis products allocated to fruits, which substantially improved the fresh yield by 32.9%. Furthermore, it significantly improved N accumulation by 9.0% compared to the higher N application of 70% at this stage. Conclusively, when given the certain amount of N supply, the N allocation should be reduced at the vegetative growth stage to achieve high yield and N uptake in tomato production .

Treated wastewater can promote to minimizing the water stress in agricultural field due to the scarcity of irrigation water. The aim of the experiment was to determine the toxic metallic contamination for wastewater irrigation in the investigated area. Analytical techniques were used to determine quality parameter and ionic constituents. Samples were considerably alkaline (pH = 7.55 to 10.05). As for recommended TDS, samples were categorizing as freshwater (60%) and brackish water (40%). Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) express the salinity and alkalinity indicates the classes C4S1, C3S1 & C2S1. Soluble sodium percentage (SSP) categorized in different grade in samples. Regarding Hardness (HT), samples were rank as very hard, hard, and moderately hard. Upon analysis, all HCO3 was extremely hazardous, noxious for watering to plants and 56% samples of Cl, 92% of Cu and all sample of Cd were exceeded the limit thus risky for irrigation usage but zinc and iron have no effect on irrigation. Finally, the results revealed that all samples except few under test were unsuitable for irrigation due to having toxic metals such as Cu, Mn, Cd, HCO3, and Cl. From the above discussion, we concluded that most of the parameters like Cu, Mn, Cd, HCO3, and Cl were exceeded the maximum acceptable level and wastewater must be treated to remove all toxic elements before irrigation into the field. Moreover, this wastewater is a great value to reducing the water stress in farm level due to limited irrigation water.

Abstract Background Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been used as a medicine throughout ancient and modern history; it has been taken to prevent and treat a wide range of conditions and diseases. In Bangladesh, the demand for garlic increases day by day, but on the other hand, due to a shortage of land, production of garlic is not up to the mark. However, to solve the problem, a pot culture experiment was conducted at the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period of November 2007 to March 2008 to examine the effect of potassium (K) on the growth, yield, nutrient content, and its uptake by garlic. Results In this study, six levels of K viz. 0, 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, 250 kg ha−1 were used as treatments. All the parameters, i.e., plant height, number of leaves plant−1, fresh and dry weights of leaves (g plant−1), fresh and dry weights of bulb (g plant−1), bulb diameter, and number of cloves bulb−1 significantly varied due to different doses of K application. The maximum total yield and size of garlic bulb were obtained with potassium application at 200 kg ha−1. Potassium at 200 kg ha−1 produced the highest fresh and dry weights of bulbs and leaves, diameter, moisture content, number of cloves, and yield as compared to the other treatments. The uptake of nutrients like N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, B, and Na significantly varied due to the application of different doses of K. The highest contents and nutrient uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, B, and Na were found with potassium application at 200 kg ha−1. Conclusions The overall results suggested that the yield of garlic increased with increasing potassium fertilizer, where K application at 200 kg ha−1 is suitable for obtaining maximum yield.

Background Betel leaf is the oldest and now highly paid farmer’s crop, but the most vulnerable to insect pests, leading to massive yield drops in Bangladesh. For this reason, the experiment was carried out at the Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh, during the period of January 2018 to December 2018 and to assess the effectiveness of the different bio-rational approach against the betel leaf sucking pests. In this study, BARI Paan-3 was used as a test crop. Studies were important that sucking insect pests to include red mite population (black fly, white fly, red mite and mealy bug) has been found actively around the year in Bangladesh. Results Studies have shown that sucking insect population (black fly, white fly, red mite and mealy bug) has been found actively year round, whereas the maximum (22.7, 17.2, 16.1, and 14 adult/vine) and minimum (3.2, 2.8, 2.6, and 1.5 adult/vine) were recorded during the month of October and January, respectively. The results explored that the significant variations and the R 2 value suggested that biotic factor contributes 57.9, 50.9, 51.3, and 53.7% variations in black fly, white fly, red spider mite, and mealy bug population. Among approaches, the highest mortality rate (80.56, 84.73, 82.44, and 90.96%) of black fly, white fly, red mite, and mealy bug over untreated control with maximum vine yield (18.61 t/ha) is recorded from sanitation + three alternate spraying of fizimite and antario. Conclusions It had concluded that sanitation of betel leaf garden along with three alternate spraying of fizimite (sodium lauryl ether) at 1 ml/l and antario WP (Bt + abamectin 0.1%) at 0.5 g/l recommended for an effective management of the betel vine sucking pest complex.

Background Trait selection for rice production under submergence stress and its effective investigation are important for sustainable improvement. Gene action is a principle, measures allelic interactions for traits that express the nature of phenotypic behavior, and leads to perfect selection of traits. Aim This study was aimed to measure the allelic interactions of genes responsible for different quantitative traits which have strong association with yield of submergence tolerant rice. Results In this study, generation mean analysis has been performed for yield-contributing traits and found that plant height, no. of primary branches panicle −1 , no. of secondary branches panicle −1 , no. of filled grain panicle −1 , no. of grain panicle −1 and dominant effects for yield hill −1 , yield tiller −1 , and 1000 grain weight have association to yield, governed by additive gene effect. In respect of epistatic effect, duplicate epistasis was predominant for all the traits except panicle length. From a heritability view, plant height, no. of primary branches panicle −1 , and no. of grain panicle −1 showed high heritability and plant height, panicle length, no. of filled grain panicle −1 , and 1000 seed weight which found high genetic advance. Conclusion It could be concluded that days to heading is an important trait that needs to be investigated in every generation and days to maturity and panicle length that needs to be selected in early segregating generation.

Agricultural water resources have been limited over the years due to global warming and irregular rainfall in the arid and semi-arid regions. To mitigate the water stress in agriculture, mulching has a crucial impact as a water-saving technique in rain-fed crop cultivation. It is important mainly for preserving soil moisture, relegating soil temperature, and limiting soil evaporation, which affects the crop yield. Mulching has many strategic effects on soil ecosystem, crop growth, and climate. Mulch insulates the soil, helping to provide a buffer from cold and hot temperatures that have a crucial activity in creating beautiful and protected landscapes. This study has accumulated a series of information about both organic and plastic mulch materials and its applicability on crop cultivation. Moreover, future research potentials of mulching with modeling were discussed to quantify water loss in agriculture.

Background Tomatoes are now one of the most popular nutrient-dense vegetables in terms of acreage, production, yield, commercial use, and consumption that add to the Bangladesh economy and ultimately reduce poverty. With this view, a lab investigation was carried out to analyze the effects of tomato (Sofol and Roma VF) verities on different post-harvest managements to extend shelf life as well as reduce post-harvest losses. Results This study confirmed that the fruit quality attributes (color, firmness, weight loss, chilling injury, total soluble solids, pH, disease incidence, disease severity, and dry matter content) were increased whereas moisture content, vitamin C, and titratable acidity decreased with the increases in storage duration. The high quality attributes such as color, firmness, weight loss, chilling injury, total soluble solids, pH, disease incidence, disease severity, and dry matter content increased, whereas moisture content, vitamin C and titratable acidity decrease of tomato were observed in Roma VF while Sofol variety had high weight loss, moisture content, titratable acidity, and vitamin C. Moreover, the highest shelf life (17 days) was recorded in Sofol than Roma VF (15 days). On the 16th day of storage, maximum disease severity (41%) and disease incidence (71%) were observed at an earthen cooling pot, whereas a significant reduction in disease severity (1%) and disease incidence (8%) were recorded in tomatoes stored at 10 o C temperature. Weight loss was the lowest (4%) in Sofol when kept at unperforated low-density polyethylene (LDPL) plastic bag as compared to Roma VF treatment (11%). Considering the physiological process, held at the low temperature (10 ° C and 15 ° C) and increased shelf life as well as reduced the diseases of tomatoes. Conclusions The investigator concluded that the findings of this study will be helpful with specific regard to long and medium-term storage, quality control, transportation, and advertising, and will also be beneficial to tomato growers of Bangladesh.

Background No-tillage is considered as a promising alternative for conventional farming by saving energy input and time, reducing groundwater pollution, and counteracting soil erosion and losses of soil-organic matter. Therefore, this study was carried out in north-eastern Sylhet of Bangladesh during the period of 2015–2016 to evaluate the multiple techniques of implementation in order to find a practically appropriate way to apply biochar. Results In this study, successfully applied of biochar and glyphosate in holes with seeds and consisted of one control (pure soil), glyphosate control, biochar control, and four glyphosate treatments with 1, 2.5, 5, and 10% biochar addition. The Gly + ch1% and Gly + ch2.5% treatments demonstrated a better emergence rate than all treatments, and at the end of the emergence, they reached more than 95%. There was no important distinction found among all the treatments in the event of shooting fresh and dry biomass. Biochar amendment treatments did not show any influence on shoot fresh biomass compared to glyphosate control and biochar 5% treatment, respectively. Gly + ch2.5% treatment showed slightly better performance than all the other treatments. The similar performance was shown in case of shoot dry weight. In case of root fresh weight, there was only a significant different observed between Gly + ch1% and Gly + ch10%. However, Gly + ch1% treatment revealed slightly higher root fresh weight compared to all the other treatments. Considering the results of the germination percentage and root morphology, it could be suggested that lower rate of biochar application showed better performance on root length and development. Conclusions It could be concluded that glyphosate application has mitigation effect to absorb herbicidal residues. For successful introduction of biochar application in agriculture, field acts as a huge amount of carbon sink and has also a positive effect to mitigate climate change.

The main objective of this research work is to improve the filtration technologies to make them more sustainable and accessible for the public. This study focused on developing improved modified operating methods for rapid sand filtration technology. In this an attempt is made one modified rapid sand filter and compare with conventional rapid sand filter. The main objective to increase the efficiency of conventional rapid sand filters by some modification. For construction of modified filter PVC granules are used as capping material as well as ferric chloride also used. Both the material helps to achieve the lower turbidity and total dissolved solid concentration. In this purpose A Fabricated model was prepared having dimension 17x17x12 m. Gravel, Coconut shell (Activated carbon), Sand was filled in the model in the layer of size 45cm, 40cm, 30cm respectively. The tests which are conducted on sample are pH, Turbidity, BOD, Total solids. It improves the performance of filter in terms of high filtration rate, high turbidity removal and high decrease in percentage of total solids and thus making it more applicable. The results indicate that with the developed rapid-sand filters store rate of 137 gallons per day (g/d), the modified filters would require less cleaning than the other traditional filter. This report proposes the implementation of highly iron mitigation measures to prevent long term health effects. It also contains leaflets for widespread information on the construction, use and maintenance of the SAU authority, decision makers, water specialists and scientists confronted with iron mitigation needs.

Sesame was grown for two successive Khari-1 seasons (2008-2009 and 2009-2010) at the research field of Irrigation and Water Management Division, BARI, Gazipur. Two varieties namely BARI Til 2 and BARI Til 3 were used as test crop. The aim of the study was to assess the physiological reaction and yield reduction of the two varieties to water logging stress. A significant response of the crop in respect of water logging and its duration was observed for both the varieties. Seed yields were rapidly decreased as duration of logging increased. The trend of decrease in yield and deterioration of crop stand with water-logging was almost similar for both the varieties. Maximum yield decreases of 51.67% and 58.24% for a continuous 36 hours of water logging were observed for BARI Til 2 and BARI Til 3, respectively. Significant effect of duration of water logging on other agronomic parameters of the two varieties was also observed in the study. So farmers are suggested to remove the standing water from the field as early as possible to avoid drastic yield loss from water logging.