The aim of this study was to determine the cancer screening behaviors and the associated factors of women aged 30 years and older during the Covid-19 pandemic period. The study was carried out as a cross-sectional study with 301 women aged 30 years and older in Edirne, which is a border province in northwestern Turkiye. The data was collected via using the Personal Information Form and the and Turkiye Health Literacy Scale-32 (THL-32). In the statistical analysis, the number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, chi-square test, pearson correlation analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis were used. The mean age of the participants is 43.66 +/- 9.02 years. 74.8% of the women had not undergone any screening tests during the pandemic, and 80.7% of them displayed limited and inadequate health literacy levels. 21.9% of women aged 30 and over received Pap smear screening, 22.3% of women aged 40 and over underwent mammography, and 16.7% of women aged 50 and over had screening colonoscopy. Based on the results of multivariate regression analysis, those with adequate health literacy (Odds Ratio (OR): 4.421, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.114-17.539), those who had undergone breast examination performed by a physician (OR: 22.761, 95% CI: 5.930-87.364), and those who participated in papsmear screening (OR: 4.509, 95% CI: 1.605-12.672) were more likely to participate in mammography screening. Women who had a breast examination performed by a physician were also more likely to participate in pap-smear screening (OR: 1.139, 95% CI: 1.074-1.965) and colonoscopy screening (OR: 7.924, 95% CI: 2.384-26.375). The research group showed low levels of participation in cancer screening tests and low levels of health literacy. It is necessary to conduct more awareness-raising campaigns for target groups to encourage them to participate in the screening programs and to improve their health literacy.

Introduction: During the Covid-19 pandemic, a program was developed to encourage older adults, the population likeliest to become sedentary due to stay-at-home policies, to remain active. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of the average number of steps taken daily on quality of life and stress levels. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled study selected 69 participants aged 65 and over (mean 69.39 ± 4.61)—35 in the intervention group and 34 in a control group—and their sociodemographic data were collected. The stay-at-home step program was applied to the intervention group. Quality of life, stress level, and body mass index were assessed pre- and post-test, and their daily step counts were recorded. Results: A significant correlation was found between number of steps and the quality of life scores in the intervention group (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the groups in favor of the intervention group in the mean number of steps in weeks 4 and 8 of the intervention (p<0.05). The mean number steps 2024.71±605.18 in intervention, 1946.63±511.37 in control group. Conclusion: The study found that the Stay at Home—Take a Step program was effective in increasing the number of steps taken daily by elderly participants who were inactive during the Covid-19 pandemic and initiated an improvement in their quality of life. Healthcare professionals who play a central role in supporting the elderly can be advised to use the program to promote healthy aging and physical activity. Keywords: Aged; Physical Activity; Exercise; Quality of Life.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the unmet health needs of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, the reasons for these needs, solutions sought and socio-demographic determinants. Methods: The cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 2,074 adult individuals from December 15 to December 31, 2020. Data were collected using Socio-demographic Data Collection Form, Unmet Health Needs Data Collection Form and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL). Results: The percentage of the participants who stated that they had unmet health needs was 66% and the most unmet needs reported were oral and dental treatment (46.3%), eye health and treatment for vision disorders (22.5%), and early diagnosis and annual health screening (11.4%). The reasons with the most impact on the emergence of these needs were fear of being infected with the virus (44.3%), lack of access to health care (42.7%) and not wanting to cause a burden on the health system. There was a significant difference between the groups with and without unmet health needs in terms of gender, economic status, presence of health insurance, presence of chronic disease, perception of health, and WHOQOL total scores. Conclusion: The findings obtained will benefit policymakers in the rational use of limited resources and making strategic arrangements for needs.

BACKGROUND:Musculoskeletal disorders are important health problems due to their high incidence as well as their effects on the society and individuals.OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to determine the musculoskeletal disorders experienced by teachers, and to evaluate their relationship with certain factors causing musculoskeletal disorders.METHODS:The cross-sectional study was carried out on 416 teachers working in a provincial center using the face-to-face interview method.RESULTS:Per this 64.9% of the teachers had musculoskeletal disorders, and the pain was mostly localized in the neck region with 55.5%. The work stress scores of the teachers were found to have a positive and significant correlation with musculoskeletal disorder scores and a negative significant correlation with the satisfaction with life scores (p≤0.001). In multiple regression analysis, the time spent sitting at a desk, time spent working in a standing position, time devoted to housework, shoe preference, work stress and life satisfaction were determined as effective predictors on musculoskeletal complaints. The model that was developed explained 22.5% of the variance (R2 = 22.5; p≤0.001).CONCLUSIONS:Due to the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among teachers, health-promoting actions are needed in order to raise the awareness of both administrators and teachers in improving working conditions as well as preventing musculoskeletal disorders.

Objective: This study aims to examine differences between adolescent video game players and non-players in terms of their reaction time, manual dexterity, and working memory levels. Methods: The sample of the study, which has a comparative cross-sectional design type, consists of 432 adolescents at the grades between 9 and 12. Non-video game players, and video game players were subjected to simple visual and auditory reaction time tests, manual dexterity tests, matrix, and digit span working memory test. Results: Compared to non-video game players, video game players were found to have shorter visual and auditory reaction times. Also, several motor dexterity subtest skills of video game players were found to be lower, while working memory did not differ between the two groups. Conclusion: Our findings support the idea that playing video games seem to improve some aspects of cognitive and motor skills but reduce several other aspects.

Amaç: Araştırmada çocukların pandemi döneminde sağlıkla ilgili yaşam kalitesi düzeyleri ve ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Materyal ve Metot: Kesitsel tasarım tipindeki araştırma üç ayrı ilde belirlenen altı okulda 8-14 yaş arası çocuğu olan gönüllü 1221 aile üyesi ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada sosyo-demografik özellikler soru formu, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde çocuğun sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları soru formu ve KIDSCREEN-27 ölçeği kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Çalışmada; erkek, 12-13 yaş grubu, dört ve daha fazla kardeşe sahip, ailesi düşük ekonomik düzeyde olan, sessiz-sakin, duygusal-alıngan, içe dönük kişilik özelliğine sahip olan çocukların yaşam kalite puanları daha düşük bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, pandemi sürecinde uyku alışkanlığı, sosyal ilişkileri, kişisel hijyen alışkanlıkları ve sağlıklı besinleri tüketim davranışları olumsuz olarak etkilenen, dersleri için kullanımları dışında ekran maruziyeti süresi artış gösteren, kitap okumaya, hobilerine, spor ve egzersize ayırdığı süre azalan çocukların yaşam kalitesi puanları da düşük bulunmuştur.Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçları düşük yaşam kalitesi riski altında olan çocuklar için planlanacak müdahale programlarına rehber olması açısından önemlidir.

Amaç: Çalışmada ergenlerde psikososyal davranış riskleri ve bazı ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel tipte olan bu çalışma Tekirdağ ilinde 10–16 yaş grubundaki 1025 öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, ebeveynlerden Psikososyal ve Davranış Sorunları Kontrol Listesi-17 ve öğrencilerden sosyodemografik bilgi formu ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 13.27+1.82 yıl olup %54.1’i erkektir. Öğrencilerin Psikososyal ve Davranış Sorunları Kontrol Listesi ölçeği puan ortalaması 8.44 ±5.05 olup öğrencilerin %24.5’nin kesme puanının üzerinde puan aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin Psikososyal ve Davranış Sorunları Kontrol Listesi Ölçeği puan ortalaması ile okul kademesi, ebeveynlerin ayrı olması ve annenin çalışma durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, halk sağlığı hemşireliği uygulamaları kapsamında yürütülen okul temelli ergen sağlığı tarama programı sonuçlarının paylaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki araştırma, 2019-20 eğitim-öğretim yılında Tekirdağ İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı üç ayrı okulda yürütülmüştür. Araştırma verileri 1913 öğrenciden toplanmıştır. Okullarda hipertansiyon, boy, kilo, görme keskinliği, işitme, diş çürüğü, skolyoz, baş biti ve dijital oyun bağımlılığı taraması yapılmıştır. Veriler SPSS 21 paket programı kullanılarak sayı, yüzde, ortalama ve standart sapma kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 14,60±2,21’dir, %52,7’si erkektir. Tarama sonucunda sırasıyla öğrencilerin %51,75’inde diş çürüğü, %23,9’nda fazla kilo/obezite, %20,49’de dijital oyun bağımlılığı, %18,98’de skolyoz, %14,85’inde sağ göz, %13,23’inde sol göz, %7,42’inde her iki göz görme keskinliğinde azalma, %10,82’de hipertansiyon, % 9,5’de düşük kilolu olma riski tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Okul sağlığı hizmetleri kapsamında çocukların sağlık risklerini belirlemek, bu riskleri önlemeye çabalamak ya da erken dönemde tanı ve tedavisi için yönlendirme yapmak aşamalarında, okul sağlığı hemşirelerinin önemli sorumluluklar ve roller üstlenebileceği gösterilmiştir. Okul sağlığı hemşireliği uygulamalarının yaygınlık kazanması çocuk sağlığının geliştirilmesi, sağlık hizmetlerinin yükünün azaltılması, sağlıklı ve üretken nüfusun artması ve ülke ekonomisinin gelişmesine fayda sağlayacaktır.

The aim of the current methodological study was to develop a psychometric measurement tool for determining internet gaming disorder (IGD) based on family members' responses. The sample comprised 173 adolescents and their families. For reliability, the scale was created using item-total correlation, internal consistency coefficient, and test-retest correlation methods. The validity of the scale was evaluated using content validity index (CVI), construct validity, explanatory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). CVI for the scale was 0.92, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.963, and item-total correlation ranged between 0.67 and 0.81. In the EFA, 61.7% of the total variance on the one-dimensional scale was explained and item factor loads ranged between 0.71 and 0.84. CFA showed good fit of the model. Thus, the Gaming Disorder Scale-Family Form, which was proven to be a valid and reliable measurement tool, is recommended for use by health care providers and community partners in the evaluation of potential IGD in adolescents. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59(11), 25-32.].

Background: Due to limited opportunities for clinical experien ce and insufficient knowledge levels, students in health programmes are at high risk of needlestick i njuries. The aim of this study is to identify needl estick injuries experienced by medical faculty, nursing an d laboratory programme students during clinical pra ctice, and to assess the knowledge and attitude of injured or uninjured students about occupational risks. Methods: The study was carried out with 452 students from t he Faculty of Medicine, School of Health and Associate Degree Programmes of a university interni ng in hospitals. A total of 435 students were quest ioned about needlestick injuries they experienced during their clinical practice. Results: It was determined that 206 (47.4%) students had nee lestick injuries during clinical practice. The mean occupational risk information score of the stu dents was found to be 18.76±5.64. In the study, it was determined that the highest knowledge score (22.78± 4.52), was obtained from the medical faculty stude nts, and the highest needlestick injuries were found in the nursing department (66.0%). There was a significant difference between needlestick injuries and service , ag , school, weekly hours of clinical practice, a nd level of knowledge. Injuries occurred more often among young a d inexperienced students who have less knowledge about occupational risk factors (p<0.05). Conclusions: It was found out that students experienced needlest ick injuries frequently, and that their level of knowledge and attitudes towards protective practice about occupational risks were insufficient. This s tudy is important in terms of revealing the significance of training before clinical practice in order to decr ase the frequency of needlestick injuries among students.

Aim: This qualitative study examines the intrapartum experiences of nulliparous Turkish women who participated childbirth education classes and only engaged in routine prenatal care. Material and methods: The study was conducted in a Family Health Center in primary health care service in a metropolitan city in Turkey between October 2015 and June 2016. Women engaged in routine prenatal care (RPC group) (n=17) and women participating in childbirth education classes (CEC group) (n=14) at the maternity unit were included in the study via a purposive sampling method. Data were collected in semi-structured one-on-one interviews with participants. Data were collected by The Socio-Demographic and Obstetric Information Form and The Semi-Structured Interview Form. Number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to evaluate descriptive data. Results: The average age of the 31 women participating was 29.33±3.75. Within the sample population, majority had an education level of university (67.74%) and a nuclear family structure (90.32%). There was no significant difference (p>.05) between the socio-demographic characteristics of both groups. Of the women participating in CEC, 92.8% in the lithotomy position; none of them received anesthesia. Within this group, 50% received no intervention during labor, while 42.86% received fundal pressure, and episiotomy was applied to 21.43% of participants. All women engaged only in RPC had their birth in the lithotomy position, and 11.76% of them received epidural anesthesia. Interventions applied included episiotomy (76.47%), induced labor (70.59%), fundal pressure (58.82%), continuous Non Stress Test (NST) (58.82%), continuous intravenous infusion (52.94%), and enema (47.05%). The statements analyzed were classified under four themes: (1) satisfaction, (2) compliance with birthing positions, (3) intrinsic concentration and (4) participant control of decision-making. Conclusion: The childbirth education classes group reported that was implemented the less intrapartum intervention, greater satisfaction, fewer distractions, greater participation in active decision-making, and a greater tendency to use non-pharmacological methods. In contrast, the routine prenatal care group mostly reported passive participation, difficulty in pain and contraction control, and greater dissatisfaction.

PURPOSE:The present study aimed to determine the depression risk and the management of chronic diseases of individuals over 65 years old under the mandatory mass coronavirus disease 2019 quarantine.DESIGN AND METHODS:The cross-sectional study was conducted with 185 Turkish elders with chronic diseases.FINDINGS:The majority of the elderly reported that their medication, diet, and exercise programs were not affected, but the regular health controls were negatively affected. Of the participants, 51.9% of them carried the risk of depression.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE:Urgent action plans for elders need to be developed taking into account psychosocial needs for them to pass the pandemic process with minimal damage.

PURPOSETo determine the relationship between nursing students' individual values, inclination to ethical and professional nursing values.DESIGN AND METHODSThis cross-sectional study was conducted with 315 nursing students in Turkey. Data were collected using the student information form, the Portrait Values Scale, the Inclination to Ethical Values Scale, and Nursing Professional Values Scale.FINDINGSThe students' basic values are Tradition and Universalism. It was determined that an inclination toward ethical and professional values was quite high.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONSThe fact that nursing students are aware of their individual values how these values affect behaviour can be a guide to human focused values in professional lifes.

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between parenting practices and children's screen time following the COVID-19 outbreak. Design and methods: The population of the present cross-sectional study was the parents of children studying in three randomly-selected schools in the western, eastern and central regions of Turkey. The study data were collected between May 15 and 31, 2020, using a descriptive questionnaire form and the Parenting Practices Scale applied to 1115 parents of children between 6 and 13 years of age. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 software package, and with descriptive, correlation and multiple regression analyses. Results: It was noted that 68% of the mothers did not work, and 40.2% of the fathers had shifted to a flexible work arrangement as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study revealed that 89.6% of the families had established ground rules related to screen time, and that the screen time of the children of 71.7% of the families had seen an increase, amounting to 6.42 3.07 h/day. Gender, age, household income, mother's employment status, family's rules about screen time, and inconsistent parenting practices were defined as significant predictors in the children's screen time model created for the study. Conclusions: A vast majority of the participants stated that their children's screen time had increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Practice implications: Screen time should be monitored, the necessary support should be provided to children, and parents should set ground rules for their children's screen times. (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

BACKGROUND:This study aims to evaluate the anxiety levels of employees by determining the working conditions and protective practices in the workplace of individuals who had to work during the COVID-19 pandemic.METHODS:The cross-sectional study was carried out with 801 employees from different sectors who continued to work during the COVID-19 pandemic.RESULTS:The mean age of the employees was 33.1±10.3 years, and 63.4%were male while 46.1%were workers. The GAD-7 anxiety level mean score of the participants was determined as 6.6±5.1. Per this, 25.2%of the participants showed a high tendency to anxiety and 38.5%showed a moderate tendency. A statistically significant difference was found between anxiety level and gender, sector and profession. Besides, there was a statistically significant difference between the perception of workplace risk, the way of transportation to the workplace, the social distance in the workplace, measures taken for COVID-19 in the workplace, and anxiety levels (p < 0.05). In the multiple regression analysis, age, gender, work sector, COVID-19 anxiety levels, infection status, knowledge level and life satisfaction levels were determined as effective predictors on common anxiety disorder and explained 23.2%of the developed model variance (R2 = 0.232, p≤0.001).CONCLUSION:During the pandemic, it was determined that the anxiety susceptibility levels of the employees were very high and their protective practices against COVID-19 in the workplace were insufficient.

Amac: Bu calisma, Turkiye’de lisans duzeyinde hemsirelik egitimi veren okullarda yer alan Halk Sagligi Hemsireligi dersinin teorik ve pratik/ saha uygulamalarindaki mevcut durumunu ortaya cikarmayi amaclamaktadir. Yontem: Kesitsel tasarim tipindeki calisma, 2017-2018 egitim-ogretim yilinda Turkiye’de 116 universitenin hemsirelik lisans programinda son donem Halk Sagligi Hemsireligi dersini yuruten ve arastirmaya katilan ogretim elemanlari ile yurutulmustur. Arastirmacilar tarafindan olusturulan anket formu katilimcilara e-posta yolu ile gonderilmistir. Bulgular: Calismaya universitelerin %77.5’i (n=90) katilmistir. Hemsirelik okullarinda Halk Sagligi Hemsireligi alaninda lisansustu egitimi olan ve son donem dersi yuruten ogretim elemani sayisi ortalama 2.59±2.09 olup, dersi alan ogrenci sayisi ortalama 136.53±103.57 (min:16; maks:600) olarak belirlenmistir. Ogretim elemanlarinin %84.4’u halk sagligi hemsireligi dersinin teorik ve pratik egitiminde cesitli sorunlarinin oldugunu ve en yuksek oranda ogrenci sayisinin fazlaligi, uygulama alanlarinin kisitli olmasi ve kurum izinlerinin alinamamasini belirtmislerdir. Ayrica calismaya katilan okullarin cogunda uygulama alani yetersizliginden dolayi ogrencilerin halk sagligi hemsireligi ile ilgili uygulama faaliyetlerini yeterli duzeyde gerceklestiremedigi/degerlendiremedigi belirlenmistir. Sonuc: Turkiye’de halk sagligi hemsireliginin teorik ve pratik egitiminde cesitli sorunlar vardir. Hemsirelik ogrencisinin halk sagligi hemsireligi felsefesi ile yogrulmus bir egitim surecinden gecebilmesi icin okullardaki akademik kadronun arttirilmasi, okullarin fiziki yapisi ve uygulama alan ozellikleri dikkate alinarak ogrenci kontenjanlarinin belirlenmesi gibi yeni duzenlemelerin ivedilikle yapilmasina ihtiyac vardir.

BACKGROUND:Digital game addiction among adolescents is a growing problem. The purpose of this study is to describe the predictors for this addiction in a group of Turkish adolescents using a conceptual framework. METHODS:A descriptive correlational study was conducted on 865 students (aged 11-16 years) and their parents. Self-reported digital game behaviors were measured using the Game Addiction Scale. The risk factors for gaming addiction were examined using multiple regression analysis. RESULTS:Adolescents spent 10.78 ± 13.42 hours per week playing digital games, and the rate of digital game addiction was calculated at 4.32% and 28.8% in monothetic and polythetic formats, respectively. Family environment and school performance directly affected female adolescents' digital gaming behaviors, whereas male adolescents' digital gaming behaviors were directly affected by computer self-efficacy, psychosocial problems, diminished impulse control, and levels of in-game violence. CONCLUSIONS:The interaction model of client health behavior can be used to describe adolescents' digital game use. Nurses can assess adolescents' gaming behaviors and use the effective predictors from the male and female models to develop intervention programs.