Journal of Labelled Compounds and RadiopharmaceuticalsVolume 52, Issue 6 p. 208-222 Abstract Abstracts of the 17th International Isotope Society (UK group) Symposium Synthesis and Applications of Labelled Compounds 2008 F. I. Aigbirhio, F. I. AigbirhioSearch for more papers by this authorP. Allen, P. AllenSearch for more papers by this authorS. Andersson, S. AnderssonSearch for more papers by this authorM. Anton, M. AntonSearch for more papers by this authorD. Barron, D. BarronSearch for more papers by this authorA. J. Bloom, A. J. BloomSearch for more papers by this authorN. P. Botting, N. P. BottingSearch for more papers by this authorW. Brandau, W. BrandauSearch for more papers by this authorL. Brichard, L. BrichardSearch for more papers by this authorJ. A. Brown, J. A. BrownSearch for more papers by this authorR. T. Brown, R. T. BrownSearch for more papers by this authorK. M. Cable, K. M. CableSearch for more papers by this authorM. Caffrey, M. CaffreySearch for more papers by this authorM. A. Carroll, M. A. CarrollSearch for more papers by this authorD. J. Chaplin, D. J. ChaplinSearch for more papers by this authorV. Coissard, V. CoissardSearch for more papers by this authorF. Cuyckens, F. CuyckensSearch for more papers by this authorO. Demmer, O. DemmerSearch for more papers by this authorI. Dijkgraaf, I. DijkgraafSearch for more papers by this authorA. M. Dyke, A. M. DykeSearch for more papers by this authorD. M. Gill, D. M. GillSearch for more papers by this authorK. A. Hall, K. A. HallSearch for more papers by this authorA. J. Hester, A. J. HesterSearch for more papers by this authorM. Hickey, M. HickeySearch for more papers by this authorS. Irvine, S. IrvineSearch for more papers by this authorC. Janssen, C. JanssenSearch for more papers by this authorW. J. Kerr, W. J. KerrSearch for more papers by this authorH. Kessler, H. KesslerSearch for more papers by this authorL. P. Kingston, L. P. KingstonSearch for more papers by this authorC. Landreau, C. LandreauSearch for more papers by this authorK. W. M. Lawrie, K. W. M. LawrieSearch for more papers by this authorG. Lloyd-Jones, G. Lloyd-JonesSearch for more papers by this authorH. Loaring, H. LoaringSearch for more papers by this authorW. J. S. Lockley, Corresponding Author W. J. S. Lockley w.lockley@surrey.ac.uk Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UKChemical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UKSearch for more papers by this authorL. J. Marshall, L. J. MarshallSearch for more papers by this authorB. Mo, B. MoSearch for more papers by this authorJ. D. Moseley, J. D. MoseleySearch for more papers by this authorV. L. Murrell, V. L. MurrellSearch for more papers by this authorG. N. Nilsson, G. N. NilssonSearch for more papers by this authorR. Oekonomopulos, R. OekonomopulosSearch for more papers by this authorK. G. Pinney, K. G. PinneySearch for more papers by this authorS. Pleasance, S. PleasanceSearch for more papers by this authorS. Raddatz, S. RaddatzSearch for more papers by this authorA. T. Rees, A. T. ReesSearch for more papers by this authorR. G. Reid, R. G. ReidSearch for more papers by this authorJ. S. Renny, J. S. RennySearch for more papers by this authorF. Robert, F. RobertSearch for more papers by this authorD. Rustidge, D. RustidgeSearch for more papers by this authorU. Schumacher, U. SchumacherSearch for more papers by this authorD. M. Schwaiger, D. M. SchwaigerSearch for more papers by this authorS. Sharma, S. SharmaSearch for more papers by this authorD. Soloviev, D. SolovievSearch for more papers by this authorA. C. Spivey, A. C. SpiveySearch for more papers by this authorM. Sriram, M. SriramSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Thijssen, J. ThijssenSearch for more papers by this authorC.-C. Tseng, C.-C. TsengSearch for more papers by this authorW. Verluyten, W. VerluytenSearch for more papers by this authorF. Viton, F. VitonSearch for more papers by this authorM. Vliegen, M. VliegenSearch for more papers by this authorH. Weldon, H. WeldonSearch for more papers by this authorH-J. Wester, H-J. WesterSearch for more papers by this authorD. J. Wilkinson, D. J. WilkinsonSearch for more papers by this authorJ. M. J. Williams, J. M. J. WilliamsSearch for more papers by this authorG. Williamson, G. WilliamsonSearch for more papers by this authorC. L. Willis, C. L. WillisSearch for more papers by this authorR. Yan, R. YanSearch for more papers by this author F. I. Aigbirhio, F. I. AigbirhioSearch for more papers by this authorP. Allen, P. AllenSearch for more papers by this authorS. Andersson, S. AnderssonSearch for more papers by this authorM. Anton, M. AntonSearch for more papers by this authorD. Barron, D. BarronSearch for more papers by this authorA. J. Bloom, A. J. BloomSearch for more papers by this authorN. P. Botting, N. P. BottingSearch for more papers by this authorW. Brandau, W. BrandauSearch for more papers by this authorL. Brichard, L. BrichardSearch for more papers by this authorJ. A. Brown, J. A. BrownSearch for more papers by this authorR. T. Brown, R. T. BrownSearch for more papers by this authorK. M. Cable, K. M. CableSearch for more papers by this authorM. Caffrey, M. CaffreySearch for more papers by this authorM. A. Carroll, M. A. CarrollSearch for more papers by this authorD. J. Chaplin, D. J. ChaplinSearch for more papers by this authorV. Coissard, V. CoissardSearch for more papers by this authorF. Cuyckens, F. CuyckensSearch for more papers by this authorO. Demmer, O. DemmerSearch for more papers by this authorI. Dijkgraaf, I. DijkgraafSearch for more papers by this authorA. M. Dyke, A. M. DykeSearch for more papers by this authorD. M. Gill, D. M. GillSearch for more papers by this authorK. A. Hall, K. A. HallSearch for more papers by this authorA. J. Hester, A. J. HesterSearch for more papers by this authorM. Hickey, M. HickeySearch for more papers by this authorS. Irvine, S. IrvineSearch for more papers by this authorC. Janssen, C. JanssenSearch for more papers by this authorW. J. Kerr, W. J. KerrSearch for more papers by this authorH. Kessler, H. KesslerSearch for more papers by this authorL. P. Kingston, L. P. KingstonSearch for more papers by this authorC. Landreau, C. LandreauSearch for more papers by this authorK. W. M. Lawrie, K. W. M. LawrieSearch for more papers by this authorG. Lloyd-Jones, G. Lloyd-JonesSearch for more papers by this authorH. Loaring, H. LoaringSearch for more papers by this authorW. J. S. Lockley, Corresponding Author W. J. S. Lockley w.lockley@surrey.ac.uk Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UKChemical Sciences, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UKSearch for more papers by this authorL. J. Marshall, L. J. MarshallSearch for more papers by this authorB. Mo, B. MoSearch for more papers by this authorJ. D. Moseley, J. D. MoseleySearch for more papers by this authorV. L. Murrell, V. L. MurrellSearch for more papers by this authorG. N. Nilsson, G. N. NilssonSearch for more papers by this authorR. Oekonomopulos, R. OekonomopulosSearch for more papers by this authorK. G. Pinney, K. G. PinneySearch for more papers by this authorS. Pleasance, S. PleasanceSearch for more papers by this authorS. Raddatz, S. RaddatzSearch for more papers by this authorA. T. Rees, A. T. ReesSearch for more papers by this authorR. G. Reid, R. G. ReidSearch for more papers by this authorJ. S. Renny, J. S. RennySearch for more papers by this authorF. Robert, F. RobertSearch for more papers by this authorD. Rustidge, D. RustidgeSearch for more papers by this authorU. Schumacher, U. SchumacherSearch for more papers by this authorD. M. Schwaiger, D. M. SchwaigerSearch for more papers by this authorS. Sharma, S. SharmaSearch for more papers by this authorD. Soloviev, D. SolovievSearch for more papers by this authorA. C. Spivey, A. C. SpiveySearch for more papers by this authorM. Sriram, M. SriramSearch for more papers by this authorJ. Thijssen, J. ThijssenSearch for more papers by this authorC.-C. Tseng, C.-C. TsengSearch for more papers by this authorW. Verluyten, W. VerluytenSearch for more papers by this authorF. Viton, F. VitonSearch for more papers by this authorM. Vliegen, M. VliegenSearch for more papers by this authorH. Weldon, H. WeldonSearch for more papers by this authorH-J. Wester, H-J. WesterSearch for more papers by this authorD. J. Wilkinson, D. J. WilkinsonSearch for more papers by this authorJ. M. J. Williams, J. M. J. WilliamsSearch for more papers by this authorG. Williamson, G. WilliamsonSearch for more papers by this authorC. L. Willis, C. L. WillisSearch for more papers by this authorR. Yan, R. YanSearch for more papers by this author First published: 23 March 2009 https://doi.org/10.1002/jlcr.1590Citations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume52, Issue630 May 2009Pages 208-222 RelatedInformation

The objective of this study was to examine endometrial L-selectin ligand as a potential marker of progesterone resistance in women with endometriosis. Prospective controlled study of endometrium and endometriotic tissues in a laboratory setting. Expression of L-selectin ligand was performed using MECA79 antibody in endometrium from normal women (n = 10) and women with endometriosis (n = 25) and compared to matched eutopic and ectopic endometrium from 10 women throughout the menstrual cycle. Xenografts of eutopic endometrium were implanted in subcutaneous pockets of ovexed immunodeficient RAG-2/gamma(c) mice, then treated with estradiol (E2) or E2 plus progesterone (P4) for a total of 22 days. At sacrifice the implants of endometrium were evaluated for L-selectin ligand expression. Regulation of the enzyme that regulates L-selectin ligand, N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase (GlcNAc), was studied by RT-PCR in the hormone responsive endometrial cell line, ECC1. GlcNAc enzyme was stimulated by E2 and P4 treatment. Endometrium from normal women uniformly expressed the L-selectin ligand in the mid-secretory phase but was reduced in endometriosis patients with marked heterogeneity between patients (P=0.05). Ectopic endometrium showed a decline in L-selectin ligand expression (Fig. A). Human xenografts placed in RAG-2 gamma(c) mice expressed L-selectin in a P4 dependent manner and endometriosis endometrium lower expression and heterogeneity compared to normal endometrium (Fig. B). L-selectin ligand is regulated by P4 through modulation of Glc-NAc. Reduction in L-selectin ligand expression was noted in some women with endometriosis and in matched endometriotic implants. Human xenografts exhibited similar heterogenity in L-selectin ligand expression, suggesting that progesterone resistance may underly the altered endometrial protein expression patterns in some but not all women with this disorder.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the temporal and spatial distibution of Cyr61 in normal endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and compare its expression in endometrium from women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We also studied the regulation of Cyr61 in the well-differentiated, hormone-responsive endometrial cell line, ECC1.DesignThis is a retrospective study on 21 endometrial samples from the proliferative and secretory phase of the menstrual cycle in normal women and women with hyperandrogenism and PCOS. Regulation of Cyr61 was performed in vitro using the well-differentiated endometrial cell line, ECC1.Materials and methodsWestern blot analysis of Cyr61 was performed on protein lysates of untreated ECC1 cells and cells treated for 6 and 12 hours with diethylstilbestrol (DES; 10-8M) in the presence or absence of the anti-estrogen ICI 182,780. Immunohistochemistry on endometrial samples and western blot analysis was performed using the specific Cyr61 polyclonal antibody (generously provided by Dr. Lester Lau, UIC, Chicago, IL). Additional staining was performed for the estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) and a marker of cell proliferation, Ki67. Twenty-one endometrial biopsies were obtained from both fertile and PCOS women during the menstrual cycle. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with Bonferroni correction with significance at the 95% confidence interval (p < 0.05).ResultsConclusionThe Cyr61 protein is a sensitive marker of estrogen activity and is significantly increased in the endometrium of women with PCOS in both the proliferative and secretory phase. Further studies will be required to investigate the mechanism for this over-expression of Cyr61, but evidence suggests that failure of down-regulation of estrogen receptors in the secretory phase may play a role. ObjectiveTo evaluate the temporal and spatial distibution of Cyr61 in normal endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and compare its expression in endometrium from women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We also studied the regulation of Cyr61 in the well-differentiated, hormone-responsive endometrial cell line, ECC1. To evaluate the temporal and spatial distibution of Cyr61 in normal endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle and compare its expression in endometrium from women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). We also studied the regulation of Cyr61 in the well-differentiated, hormone-responsive endometrial cell line, ECC1. DesignThis is a retrospective study on 21 endometrial samples from the proliferative and secretory phase of the menstrual cycle in normal women and women with hyperandrogenism and PCOS. Regulation of Cyr61 was performed in vitro using the well-differentiated endometrial cell line, ECC1. This is a retrospective study on 21 endometrial samples from the proliferative and secretory phase of the menstrual cycle in normal women and women with hyperandrogenism and PCOS. Regulation of Cyr61 was performed in vitro using the well-differentiated endometrial cell line, ECC1. Materials and methodsWestern blot analysis of Cyr61 was performed on protein lysates of untreated ECC1 cells and cells treated for 6 and 12 hours with diethylstilbestrol (DES; 10-8M) in the presence or absence of the anti-estrogen ICI 182,780. Immunohistochemistry on endometrial samples and western blot analysis was performed using the specific Cyr61 polyclonal antibody (generously provided by Dr. Lester Lau, UIC, Chicago, IL). Additional staining was performed for the estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) and a marker of cell proliferation, Ki67. Twenty-one endometrial biopsies were obtained from both fertile and PCOS women during the menstrual cycle. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with Bonferroni correction with significance at the 95% confidence interval (p < 0.05). Western blot analysis of Cyr61 was performed on protein lysates of untreated ECC1 cells and cells treated for 6 and 12 hours with diethylstilbestrol (DES; 10-8M) in the presence or absence of the anti-estrogen ICI 182,780. Immunohistochemistry on endometrial samples and western blot analysis was performed using the specific Cyr61 polyclonal antibody (generously provided by Dr. Lester Lau, UIC, Chicago, IL). Additional staining was performed for the estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) and a marker of cell proliferation, Ki67. Twenty-one endometrial biopsies were obtained from both fertile and PCOS women during the menstrual cycle. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with Bonferroni correction with significance at the 95% confidence interval (p < 0.05). Results ConclusionThe Cyr61 protein is a sensitive marker of estrogen activity and is significantly increased in the endometrium of women with PCOS in both the proliferative and secretory phase. Further studies will be required to investigate the mechanism for this over-expression of Cyr61, but evidence suggests that failure of down-regulation of estrogen receptors in the secretory phase may play a role. The Cyr61 protein is a sensitive marker of estrogen activity and is significantly increased in the endometrium of women with PCOS in both the proliferative and secretory phase. Further studies will be required to investigate the mechanism for this over-expression of Cyr61, but evidence suggests that failure of down-regulation of estrogen receptors in the secretory phase may play a role.

The capillary pumped loop (CPL) is a state-of-the-art technology for cooling spacecraft and telecommunication devices. It is a two-phase heat-transport device in which the driving force is provided by the capillary action of the wick material in the evaporator. Compared to the widely used heat pipes, it provides a higher heat-transport capacity, more flexibility of installation, and greater heat-transport distance because of wickless transport lines and the absence of liquid and vapor counterflowing, The major disadvantages of the CPL are long and complicated startup procedures and the possibility of deprime at high heat input and large load variations. This paper investigates the liquid-vapor separation and thermal management with the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) technique for an EHD-assisted CPL using R-134a as the working fluid, An experimental investigation, along with a mechanism analysis, was employed to evaluate the potential of the EHD technique for thermal performance improvement of CPL systems, Experimental results showed that enhancements, up to three times, could be obtained in heal-transfer coefficients by applying an electric field at different heat load levels. The depriming conditions of a capillary pump can also be prevented with the EHD technique.

The capillary pumped loop (CPL) is a state-of-the-art device for efficient cooling of electronic components used in spacecraft and telecommunications. CPL functions on a two-phase heat transport process in which a working fluid is driven by the pumping effect of the capillary action of a wick material imbedded in the evaporator, The wick structure is imbedded only in the CPL evaporator, and the rest of the loop is a simple wickless smooth tuber Therefore, compared to the widely used heat pipe, CPL provides a substantially higher heat transport capacity, more flexibility of installation, and a much greater distance of heat transport. The major disadvantages of the CPL, however, are the long and complicated start-up procedure, and the possibility of depriming at the high heat input and load variation. The main focus of this paper is on selection of potential working fluid candidates for use in Electrohydrodynamic (EHD)-enhanced CPLs. In this connection, a series of feasibility studies on various CPL working fluids have been performed and will be discussed. Among the working fluid candidates, propane and propylene are found to be the promising candidates, For appropriate electrode configuration, experimental results showed that the EHD pumping head of propane and propylene was high. Therefore, the two natural refrigerants, propane and propylene, are expected to improve the performance of EHD-enhanced CPLs.

The capillary pumped loop (CPL) is a state-of-the-art technique for cooling of spacecraft and telecommunication devices. It provides substantially higher cooling capacity than most heat pipes, more flexibility of installation, and much greater distance of heat transport because of the small diameter of wickless transport lines. Major disadvantages of the CPL are long and complicated startup procedures and the possibility of deprime at high heat input or load variation. The present work was an experimental study to characterize the start-up process for an electrohydrodynamically (EHD) assisted CPL system. Startup is achieved by establishing stable differential pressure and average temperature at the evaporator wall. When an electric field is applied to the evaporator wick, the liquid-vapor separation, the EHD pumping, and the instability-induced Maxwell stresses collectively contribute to reduce the startup time, as well as provide substantial improvement in CPL thermal performance. The experimental data in the present study show that at a power level of 10 W, the EHD can reduce the startup time by as much as 50% at an applied voltage of 10 kV. A similar trend is observed at power levels of 20 and 50 W.

The capillary pump loop (CPL) is the current state-of-the-art space cooling system, it provides higher cooling capacity than most heat pipes, more installation flexibility, and much greater distance of heat transport due to the small diameter of wickless transport lines. Major disadvantages of the CPL include long and complicated startup procedures and the possibility of depriming at high heat input and load variation. The presented work was an experimental study to characterize the startup process for an EHD-assisted CPL system. Startup is achieved by an almost stable differential pressure and average temperature at the evaporator wall. When the electric field is applied, it interacts with the vapor/liquid distribution inside the core and the wick. It also provides an additional pumping effect of liquid to the evaporator surface. As a result, less time is needed to build up the meniscus. Furthermore, the instability-induced EHD pumping at liquid-vapor interface pushes the liquid-vapor interface near the evaporator wall to enhance the phase-change. These EHD-enhanced mechanisms collaborate to reduce the required duration at different regimes and hence realize the EHD-reducing startup time for a CPL system. Experimental data showed that about 50% startup time, reduction was attainable.

The capillary pump loop (CPL) is a state-of-the-art technique for cooling spacecraft and telecommunication devices. It is a two-phase heat transport device in which the pumping action is provided by the capillary action of the wick material in the evaporator. Compared to the widely used heat pipes, it provides a substantially higher cooling capacity, more flexibility of installation, and a much greater distance of heat transport due to the small diameter of wickless transport lines. The major disadvantages of the CPL are long and complicated start-up procedures and the possibility of deprime at high heat input and load variation. This paper investigates the liquid-vapor separation and thermal management with the EHD technique for the porous material inside an R-134a CPL system. An experimental investigation along with a mechanism analysis was employed to evaluate the potential of the EHD technique on CPL thermal performance improvement. Experimental results showed that up to three times heat transfer coefficient enhancement can be obtained by applying an electric field at different power levels.

The capillary pumped loop (CPL) is a passively pumped two-phase heat transport device that has demonstrated performance capabilities up to an order of magnitude greater than heat pipes, which are the current state-of-art. CPL technology has been developed to a near ready state for use as a thermal control device for advanced spacecraft systems. To further improve CPL performance, on a system level, the pumping head generated within the wick material must be enhanced. Utilizing the effect of a phenomenon known as liquid extraction (or EHD pumping), the Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) technique can effectively improve the liquid pumping capacity in a CPL system. EHD uses an electric field that can collect, guide, and pump liquid to the evaporating surface. This paper presents an experimental investigation of the feasibility of using EHD technology for improving CPL performances. The experimental study included EHD-enhanced pumping across a felt material that simulated a CPL wick. The results show more than 80% increase in heat transfer coefficients at the evaporator wick, with R-123 as the working fluid. Calculations, using the experimental data, demonstrate substantial increase in the corresponding additional pressure head developed across the wick through EHD effects.

Oxytocin, 5 to 10 units, is frequently given as a bolus injection following term delivery or elective termination of pregnancy. It is not general knowledge that this has any untoward effects. In the present study in young, healthy women undergoing elective termination of pregnancy, mean arterial blood pressure decreased approximately 30% and the total peripheral resistence 50%, 40 seconds after injection. However, heart rate increased 30% and stroke volume 25%, so that the cardiac output was elevated more than 50% above control. Oxytocin given as a dilute solution produced no circulatory change; hence, we suggest that this drug be administered in such fashion rather than by bolus injection.