Part III addresses noninfectious or abiotic disorders of raspberry and blackberry. Discussions of specific disorders generally address signs and symptoms, damage, management, and references. The topics included in Part III are as follows: Nutritional Disorders / 128 Herbicide Injury / 130 Preemergent Herbicides / 131 Postemergent Herbicides/ 133 Translocatable Herbicides / 133 Contact Herbicides / 133 Volatile Herbicides / 134 Correcting Herbicide Excesses / 135 Environmental Stress / 135 Temperature / 135 Wind / 136 Soil Moisture / 137 Light / 137 Solar Injury / 138

Part I addresses infectious or biotic diseases of raspberry and blackberry. Discussions of specific diseases generally address symptoms and signs, causal organism(s), disease cycle and epidemiology, management, and references. The topics included in Part I are as follows: Cane and Foliar Diseases Caused by Fungi and Oomycetes / 8 Anthracnose / 8 Cane Blight / 11 Midge Blight / 13 Spur Blight / 115 Cane Botrytis / 17 Purple Blotch / 19 Ascospora Dieback / 20 Botryosphaeria Cane Canker of Blackberry / 22 Rosette of Blackberry / 23 Downy Mildew / 25 Powdery Mildew / 28 Raspberry Leaf Spot / 30 Septoria Leaf Spot of Blackberry / 31 Sydowiella and Gnomonia Cane Cankers / 32 Nectria Canker of Raspberry / 33 Silver Leaf / 33 Fruit and Flower Diseases Caused by Fungi / 34 Botrytis Fruit Rot and Blossom Blight / 34 Postharvest Soft Rot / 37 Minor Fruit Rots / 38 Stamen Blight / 39 Rust Diseases> / 40 Orange Rust / 40 Cane and Leaf Rust / 43 Yellow Rust / 44 Late Leaf Rust / 46 Blackberry Rust / 50 Minor Rust Diseases / 51 Root and Crown Diseases Caused by Fungi and Oomycetes / 52 Phytophthora Root Rot / 52 Verticillium Wilt / 56 Armillaria Root Rot / 58 White Root Rot / 59 Fusarium Wilt / 60 Diseases Caused by Bacteria / 61 Crown and Cane Gall / 61 Fire Blight / 63 Pseudomonas Blight / 65 Leafy Gall / 67 Hairy Root / 66 Disease Caused by a Phytoplasma / 67 Leafhopper-Transmitted Disease / 67 Rubus Stunt / 67 Disease Caused by a Parasitic Alga / 69 Orange Felt Disease / 69 Diseases Caused by Viruses and Viruslike Agents / 70 Introduction to Diseases Caused by Viruses and Viruslike Agents / 70 Blackberry Yellow Vein Disease / 71 Raspberry Mosaic Disease / 75 Apple Mosaic / 78 Blackberry Calico / 78 Blackberry virus F / 80 Cherry Leaf Roll / 80 Cucumber Mosaic / 81 Nematode-Transmitted Viruses / 81 Raspberry latent virus / 84 Raspberry Leaf Blotch / 85 Raspberry Leaf Curl / 86 Raspberry Vein Chlorosis / 87 Raspberry Bushy Dwarf / 87 Sowbane mosaic virus / 89 Strawberry necrotic shock virus / 90 Other Viruses and Viruslike Agents / 91 Diseases Caused by Nematodes / 93 Root-Lesion Nematodes / 93 Dagger and Needle Nematodes / 95 Other Nematodes / 96

Part IV addresses nonpesticide production methods that protect raspberry and blackberry, including integrated use of cultural practices and planting of disease-resistant cultivars. The topics included in Part IV are as follows: Using Disease- and Insect-Resistant Cultivars / 139 Excluding and Reducing Pathogen Populations / 140 Protected Cropping Systems / 141

Part II addresses arthropod pests of raspberry and blackberry. Discussions of specific insects generally address biology, damage, management, and references. The topics included in Part II are as follows: Insects that Damage Roots and Crowns / 97 Raspberry Crown Borer / 97 Root Weevils / 98 Strawberry Crown Moth / 99 Insects that Damage Fruit / 100 Japanese Beetle / 100 Green June Beetle / 101 Rose Chafer / 102 Lygus Bugs / 103 Raspberry Bud Moth / 104 Picnic Beetles / 105 Raspberry Fruitworm / 105 Yellowjackets / 107 Spotted Wing Drosophila / 107 Strawberry Bud Weevil / 109 Eastern Flower Thrips / 110 Multicolored Asian Lady Beetle / 110 Insects that Damage Foliage / 111 Raspberry Aphids / 111 Leafrollers / 112 Climbing Cutworms / 113 Blackberry Psyllid / 115 Winter Moth and Bruce Spanworm / 116 Raspberry Sawflies / 117 Blackberry Leafminer / 117 Mites / 118 Spider Mites / 118 Dryberry Mite / 119 Redberry Mite / 120 Insects that Damage Canes / 121 Rednecked Cane Borer / 12 Raspberry Cane Maggot /122 Raspberry Cane Midge / 122 Raspberry Cane Borer / 124 Tree Crickets / 125 Rose Scale / 126 Stalk Borer / 126 Insect Contaminants of Mechanically Harvested Fruit / 127

Part V addresses plant materials for cultivation of raspberry and blackberry, including registration, growth in nurseries, and regulations for exchange. The topics included in Part V are as follows: Raspberry Certification Programs in North America / 143 The Rubus Certification Scheme in the United Kingdom / 144 Nursery Production of Virus-Indexed Planting Material / 145 International Regulations Regarding Exchange of Rubus Plant Material / 146