To decrease the over-maintenance and under-maintenance phenomenon, this paper examined the relationship between facility reliability and lifespan so as to generate the optimal maintenance plan which includes the proper combination of maintenance time and maintenance modes. An age reduction maintenance model is built to describe the deterioration situation of the port facility, and a particle swarm optimization (PSO) based integrated approach is used to solve the model. The sensitivity analysis helps to determine the maintenance mode combination from which the total maintenance cost is minimized. The result shows that taking multiple maintenance modes into account would help optimize the total maintenance cost. In addition, the obvious difference between the reliability thresholds would assist in providing discrepant maintenance service. The results have indicated that when the thresholds of different maintenance mode are overlapped, the total maintenance cost is the highest.

为解决港机设备维修中单工作模式不合理的问题,提出了多维修模式下的维修策略,其中假定在设备开展的维修计划中同时考虑预防性维修(Preventive Maintenance,PM)和事后性维修(Corrective Maintenance,CM),且预防性维修包含2种工作方式(一级预防性维修和二级预防性维修).首先,结合设备可靠性理论和寿命分布理论,对港机设备进行役龄分析,引入役龄回退因子和可靠度阈值.其次,以设备有限运行时间的最小总成本为目标函数,生产任务需求为约束条件,建立综合维修策略优化模型,总成本不仅考虑了维修成本,还考虑了由于维修超时导致的惩罚成本.最后,采用粒子群优化算法进行模型求解,并运用MATLAB软件实现编程仿真,并进行算例分析,得到港机设备有限运行时间内的最优预防性维修次数和时间间隔,结果证明了基于多维修模式的维修策略的可行性和实用性.