This study unveils the critical aspects of electrochemical study of MoS2 and Bi2Se3 nanocomposites and their novel binary and ternary composites with V2O5 nanocomposites which has been designed and synthesized via sol-gel method. The synthesized materials have been subjected to various analytical techniques; including X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to explore their nature. Moreover, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) results have revealed that the MoS2/Bi2Se3/V2O5 nanocomposite has a specific capacitance (Csp) of 1049 F/g at a scan rate of 10 mV/ s. The galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) of MoS2/Bi2Se3/V2O5 nanocomposites has exhibited specific capacitance of 1469 F/g at a current density of 4.5 A/g. The capacitance retention through CV has been obtained 91 % and 93 % through GCD. The diffusive behaviour contribution has emerged as 82 % while other 18 % has been attributed to the capacitive nature of the electrode at lowest scan rate of 10 mV/s. The combination of these materials has shown the potential for improved energy storage capacity and enhanced charge/discharge efficiency and excellent energy density of 178.5 Wh/kg and power density of 1.12 kW/kg. Results obtained by CV have indicated that these synthesized MoS2/Bi2Se3/V2O5 nanocomposites exhibit promising characteristics for heavy duty supercapacitor applications.

This study investigated the structural, mechanical, thermal, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of double half-Heusler (DHH) alloys Zr2XNiSb2 (X = Fe, Pd, Pt) by density functional theory(DFT). The elasticconstants computation suggested that compounds possess mechanical stability. Moreover, estimated elastic constants have been used to compute additional mechanical parameters. The band gap analysis revealed that Zr2FeNiSb2 is identified as a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of 0.462 eV. However, Zr2PdNiSb2 and Zr2PtNiSb2 exhibited metallic characteristics, as indicated by pseudo gaps of 0.511 eV and 0.517 eV, respectively. The higher values of Debey temperature from 262.02 to 396.9 K indicated that compounds were more stable at elevated temperatures. Moreover, higher values of the thermal power factor (PF) up to4.97 x 10 11 W/mK2s and electrical conductivity 1.64 x 1020 S/ms at 1160 K suggested that compounds could be used as promising candidates for thermoelectric materials.

This research focuses on the Gd-doped carbon alumina nanospheres manufactured through a hydrothermal synthesis routes for their application in drug delivery. A facile two-step hydrothermal process was used to form the alumina spheres. In the initial stage at 90°C, gadolinium chloride hexahydrate was achieved through gadolinium oxide with the excess of hydrochloric acid. In the final stage, the formation of Gd-doped alumina in the hydrothermal reactor, followed by a combination of aluminum nitrate nanohydrate, glucose, gadolinium chloride and annealed at 450°C in the furnace, was achieved. The structural characterization of the powdered sample was performed with the help of SEM and XRD. The results of XRD showed the amorphous nature of alumina obtained after annealing. No peak of Gd was confirmed due to its lower concentration in the XRD pattern. The broad diffraction peaks of alumina were observed due to the high water content and weak crystalline structure. The outcomes of SEM showed that the synthesized Gd-doped alumina possessed spherical morphology. Before annealing, the average size was observed to be 1.69 µm. The composition analysis was done through EDX which confirmed the existence of aluminum, oxygen, and Gd. The functional group of PEG-coated alumina has been examined with the help of FTIR spectroscopy. The MTT assay has confirmed that the sample is biocompatible and can be used as a drug carrier.

In recent times, there has been a surge of attention towards advanced high-performance materials for storing energy, specifically in supercapacitors. One encouraging method involves utilizing nano-composites based on transition metal oxides/graphene which have demonstrated significant potential for improving capacitance. The electrochemical properties of titanium oxide doped graphene in current research have been improved through the incorporation of rare earth metals. The hydrothermal technique was chosen for the fabrication of nanocomposites as electrode materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) approaches were employed for the characterization of nanocomposites. Ternary and quaternary nanocomposites with 2 wt% rare earth elements doped with titanium oxide and graphene were synthesized with various ratios of lanthanum and cerium as dopants. In 2 wt% La:Ce-TiO2/rGO, lanthanum, and cerium were doped in 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 ratios. 2 wt% La:Ce(1:5)-TiO2/rGO among co-doped composites exhibits better capacitive performance as determined through cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. Among all the nanocomposites 422 F/g was the maximum depicted by 2 wt% La:Ce(1:5)-TiO2/rGO at a scan rate of 10 mV/s (potential window from-0.4 to +0.6 V) and 1895 F/g at 1 mV/s (potential window-0.6 to +0.6 V). specific capacitance was also determined via GCD, and a maximum capacitance of 486 F/g is depicted by 2 wt% La:Ce(1:5)-TiO2/rGO. The same composites have also served as promising electrode materials in terms of columbic efficiency, power, and energy density. (c) 2025 Chinese Society of Rare Earths. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

BACKGROUND:CBC (complete blood count) tests, along with RPM (Renal parameters) and LFT (Liver function tests), are clinically important for coronavirus patients; curcumin can serve as a possible treatment for SARS- CoV. OBJECTIVE:The objective of the study was to determine the relationship of CBC parameters with renal parameters and liver function tests and to develop the hypothesis that curcumin may be the best and non-invasive drug for coronavirus. MATERIALS & METHODS:The differences between the results of 91 confirmed cases of COVID-19 (symptomatic and asymptomatic) and 100 controls were assessed by an independent t-test and Mann- Witney U Wilcoxon test. Microscopy, hematological tools, and techniques were used to assess the improvements/abnormalities in blood components and parameters. RESULTS:This is a case control study along with the feasibility of curcumin as COVID treatment. The association between parameters was assessed by Pearson & Spearman correlation analysis. The level of significance was p < 0.05. Changes were observed in urea (p = 0.000), creatinine (p = 0.02), total bilirubin (p = 0.000), SGPT (ALT) (p = 0.000), RBC (p = 0.001), HGB (p = 0.001), MCV (p = 0.002), MCH (p = 0.03), MPV, PDW, NE%, LY%, and MO% EO% (p = 0.00), in comparison to normal controls. Differences in the correlation of electrolytes, RPM, and LFT tests along with CBC parameters in Pakistani and Chinese individuals provided a new idea for using various diagnostic and therapeutic tools in different ethnic groups. The COVID-19 infected blood components and parameters showed rapid improvement/recovery, especially the total count of platelets and WBCs (lymphocytes and basophils), HGB, HCT, MCV, and MCH. CONCLUSION:Curcumin drugs can be used as an immediate remedy/treatment to cure COVID-19 patients.

This innovative work aims to develop highly biocompatible and degradable nanoparticles by encapsulating haemoglobin (Hb) within poly-ε-caprolactone for novel biomedical applications. We used a modified double emulsion solvent evaporation method to fabricate the particles. A Scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterized them for surface morphology. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopies (UV–visible) elucidated preserved chemical and biological structure of encapsulated haemoglobin. The airproof equilibrium apparatus obtained the oxygen-carrying capacity and P50 values. The DPPH assay assessed free radical scavenging potential. The antibacterial properties were observed using four different bacterial strains by disk diffusion method. The MTT assay investigates the cytotoxic effects on mouse fibroblast cultured cell lines (L-929). The MTT assay showed that nanoparticles have no toxicity over large concentrations. The well-preserved structure of Hb within particles, no toxicity, high oxygen affinity, P50 value, and IC50 values open the area of new research, which may be used as artificial oxygen carriers, antioxidant, and antibacterial agents, potential therapeutic agents as well as drug carrier particles to treat the cancerous cells. The novelty of this work is the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of developed nanoparticles are not been reported yet. Results showed that the prepared particles have strong antioxidant and antibacterial potential.

Correction for 'Synthesis of CuSe/PVP/GO and CuSe/MWCNTs for their applications as nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensors' by Junaid Yaseen et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 6896-6905, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA06713K.

The current work explores the potential application of CeO2/Au core shell (particle size ranging between 30-40 nm) that were competently synthesized and were confirmed through characterization technique of XRD, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and UV-VIS spectroscopy in emerging imaging modality optical coherence tomography (OCT) as contrast agent. These nanoparticles were also successfully analyzed in water and blood plasma phantom to measure their scattering coefficients and relaxation times under dynamic light scattering in Brownian motion. The K-edge values were calculated using CeO2 NPs as core effect that have application in OCT. The Au has been observed to be a good contrast agent in OCT and have higher scattering coefficient that CeO2. The particles were formed using unique pot green function and Z, keeping PH at 7. Starch was added to target the tumour. Therefore, the current work assures that Cerium and Gold CoreShell nanoparticles have significant applications in the improvement of OCT imaging.

Blood consists of many numerous cells and presence of protein makes it thicker than water. According to medical research, a normal person has in excess of a 5 l of blood. Protein is natural compound which is naturally found in the human body. In this study, the absorbance of human blood in the range of ultraviolet (UV) and visible (VIS), from 190 to 1100 nm was measured. In our experimental work the absorbance peaks and transmittance peaks have been observed to agree with reported literature values. We have also studied the behaviour of human blood in region of near infrared and calculated the contents of protein with the help of spectrophotometric method by measuring the absorbance value in the test serum with enzymatic reagents. The qualitative measurement of all the samples were measure using dark field microscope with a laser wavelength of 630 nm and bandwidth of 15 nm. In this work we have also established the relation between the concentrations of total protein level with the complete blood count.

Bismuth selenide-based nanomaterials are introduced as theranostic agents, primarily enhancing their antimicrobial, anti-cancerous, antitumor, and antioxidant properties. Pure Bi2Se3 and V doped Bi2Se3 with V = 0.07 g, 0.12 g, and 0.15 g were synthesized by using Sol-gel Technique. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns demonstrated that the manufactured samples were crystalline in nature having rhombohedral structure. The average crystallite sizes of VxBi2-xS3 were calculated by Scherrer formula in the range (24.9-11.0 nm). The average crystallite size reduced as doping concentrations increased (0-0.15 g). The FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectra confirms that the peaks corresponds to 900-600 cm- 1 indicates Bi-Se bond stretching, whereas vibrations exhibit peaks between 704 cm-1 - 830 cm- 1 in doped samples correspond to V-O bond. UV-Visible analysis shows that the band gap of doped Bi2Se3 increased from (2.57 eV-2.90 eV) having standard error 0.02, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.02 respectively as the concentrations of doping increased (0.0-0.15 g), respectively. SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) study of pure Bi2Se3 showed nanosized particles, and for doped, a clear change in morphology occurred with the particles tending to agglomerate. EDAX also confirms the purity of synthesized samples. XPS analysis confirms the presence of Bi, Se and Vanadium along with chemisorbed oxygen. Antibacterial potential of synthesized samples was analyzed against Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli and cocci bacteria, which showed that the vanadium doped bismuth selenide has greater zone of inhibition than undoped bismuth selenide. Pseudomonas shows more ZOI (Zone of Inhibition) than E.coli and cocci. The maximum inhibition zone was 25 mm against Pseudomonas for V0.15Bi1.85Se3. The In-Vivo toxicity experiment was also applied on mice's (Swiss Albino) with a higher dosage of 20 mg per kg of the prepared doped sample. The blood samples were collected and examined after 3rd, 7th, 14th and 21st day of treatment. The entire treatment does not cause any severe damage to mice. An evaluation of a p-value based on hematological and biochemical data was non-significant this ensures that vanadium doped Bi2Se3 nanoparticles are non-toxic and biocompatible. This work proves that V-doped Bi2Se3 is good for further study in many other Applications in the biomedical field, such as photo thermal therapy, imaging etc.

Correction for ‘Synthesis of CuSe/PVP/GO and CuSe/MWCNTs for their applications as nonenzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensors’ by Junaid Yaseen et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 6896–6905, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA06713K.

Copper selenide (CuSe) is an inorganic binary compound which exhibits metallic behavior with zero band gap.

An eco-friendly green synthesis approach was used to synthesize Bi2O3, MnO2, and Bi2O3/MnO2 nanocomposite in order to comprehend the effect of nanocomposite on the photocatalytic and antibacterial activity. The structural parameters of as prepared samples were confirmed using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Scherrer formula was applied to find out crystallite size, which ranged from 8nm to 13nm. XRD confirmed the geometrical structure of Bi2O3, MnO2 and Bi2O3/MnO2 nanocomposite showing monoclinic structure. The FTIR peaks also confirm the successful synthesis of Bi2O3/MnO2 nanocomposite. SEM of Bi2O3/MnO2 nanocomposite revealed that nanoparticles of Bi2O3 are developed on MnO2 granules. In UV–Vis spectroscopy, absorption maxima showed in the range of 200nm to 400nm and band gap ranging from 2.4eV to 3.4eV. The antibacterial activity of Bi2O3, MnO2, and Bi2O3/MnO2 nanocomposite was investigated against two gram negative-bacteria (Pseudomonas and Escherichia coli) at 10mg and 20mg concentration using disk diffusion method. The zone of inhibitions against Escherichia coli at 10mg and 20mgl were 22mm and 26mm while against Pseudomonas were 28mm and 33mm for Bi2O3/MnO2 nanocomposite. Bi2O3/MnO2 composite shows better result as compared to Bi2O3 and MnO2. Photocatalytic activity was carried out using Bi2O3, MnO2, and Bi2O3/MnO2 as photocatalyst for the removal of malachite green (MG) and methylene blue (MB). For Malachite Green (MG), the maximum degradation efficiency of Bi2O3, MnO2, and Bi2O3/MnO2 nanocomposite was 96%, 97% and 98% respectively. For methylene blue (MB), the maximum degradation efficiency of Bi2O3, MnO2, and Bi2O3/MnO2 nanocomposite was 95%, 97% and 98% respectively. This work concludes that Bi2O3/MnO2 nanocomposite enhances the degradation efficiency and antibacterial potential.

Background: Current techniques for uric acid (UA) detection are time consuming and therefore, need to improve the detection methods like absorption. Objective: There was a need to establish a technique that has low integration time for detection of UA using absorption technology. Methods: we measured the concentrations of UA using the ultra violet visible (UV/Vis) spectrophotometer in the wavelength regime (190-1100 nm). Results and Conclusion: In this work, the proposed spectroscopic technique can detect each concentration and interpret into an absorption value in a constant UV/Vis regime. This technique acquires the data in ~ 3 seconds (a quick integration time). Our phantom showed a close value as reported in the text.

This paper reports on laser excitation power dependent photoluminescence (PL) studies on epitaxial GaAs1−xBix (2.3% < x < 10.4%) layers with thicknesses of 30–40 nm which are compressively strained onto GaAs substrates. Such materials when used as optical active regions in semiconductor lasers offer the possibility of suppressing the efficiency-limiting Auger recombination losses and improving laser performance in the telecommunication range (1.3–1.5 μm). These experimental investigations on GaAsBi allow us to verify the extent to which GaAs1−xBix provides the optimised band structure as predicted, and secondly to provide the first evidence of the influence of this band structure on optical efficiency and carrier recombination processes. An analysis of the dependence of PL intensity on excitation power was employed to identify the recombination mechanisms in GaAs1−xBix alloys. Temperature tuning the samples with bismuth concentration ~ 8.5% and 1.4% provides tentative evidence for the suppression of Auger recombination losses in this material system highlighting its potential for efficient telecoms laser applications.

Semiconductor materials show a restricted degradation response to organic pollutants due to limited photocatalytic activity under visible light. Therefore, researchers have devoted much attention to novel and effective nanocomposite materials. For the first time, herein, a novel nano-sized semiconductor calcium ferrite modified by carbon quantum dots (CaFe2O4/CQDs) photocatalyst is fabricated via simple hydrothermal treatment for the degradation of aromatic dye using a visible light source. The crystalline nature, structure, morphology, and optical parameters of each of the synthesized materials were investigated using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The nanocomposite exhibits excellent photocatalytic performance (90% degradation) against Congo red (CR) dye. In addition, a mechanism for CaFe2O4/CQDs improving photocatalytic performance has been proposed. The CQDs in the CaFe2O4/CQD nanocomposite are considered to act as an electron pool and transporter, as well as a strong energy transfer material, during photocatalysis. CaFe2O4/CQDs appear to be a promising and cost-effective nanocomposite for dye-contaminated water purification, according to the findings of this study.

Green synthesis methodology was employed for the synthesis of SnO2 and SnO2/MoO3 composite. The leaf extract of Magnifera indica which is rich in polyphenols was used for reducing the precursor metal salt into the corresponding oxides as nanomaterial. The optimum yield of nanomaterials was obtained in 120 min at 70 degrees C using leaf extract of the Magnifera indica. The structure, morphology, and composition, of the synthesized nanomaterials was studied by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. It was found that the materials were successfully synthesized with rod shape morphology. The catalytic ability of these synthesized materials was evaluated by degradation of Methylene blue in aqueous solution. The crystallite size, bandgap and nanostructure growth with specific shape contributed towards the enhanced photodegradation performance of SnO2/MoO3. There appears a change in bandgap energy from 3.60 eV of SnO2 to 3.36 eV of SnO2/MoO3. The photocatalytic efficiency of nanocomposite SnO2/MoO3 is enhanced to (73.0%) as compared to that of the pure SnO2 (69.0%). The most important being that minimum amount (1 mg) of the nanocomposite has been utilized during these photocatalytic experiments.

The whole world is concerned about water pollution as they need purified water to survive and the major cause of water pollution is dyes. Therefore, it is essential to clean the water to protect the individual as well as marine life. A composite of carbon dots (with particle size 72 nm) and SrBaZn1.25Mn0.75Fe10.5Zr0.75Ni0.75O22 has been developed via hydrothermal method to degrade methylene blue under visible light. X-ray diffraction performed for the phase conformation of composite materials and for morphological scanning and transmission electron microscopy was performed. A composite material with a decreased DC electrical resistivity accelerates charge transfer and increases photocatalytic efficiency. In the absence of H2O2, the composite material showed 63

This work presents the early diagnosis of various cancerous tissues using a light microscope illuminated with a He-Ne laser beam wavelength, lambda(o), of 630 nm and bandwidth, Delta lambda, of 15 nm, and a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscope (950 to 1800 cm(-1)). We have investigated breast tissue, ovary tissue, liver tissue and stomach tissue. Normal and diseased tissues were differentiated and the results were analysed. Light microscopy shows that the size, shape and area of normal tissues are well differentiated and they are regularly arranged, while the cancerous tissues have many abnormalities in their size and shape and they are irregular. Light microscopy is capable of dealing with cell cultures and can enhance cell culture studies. The FTIR data has provided the spectra and successfully identified the normal and cancerous tissues by discussing the peaks of spectra.