Abstract Background Hailstorm might damage cotton plants severely and cause heavy economic loss in field production. It hailed vehemently three times in 2015 and 2016 in Yellow River Basin Cotton Region and damaged cotton seedling and buds. The apical buds, leaves and stems were damaged as well as boll branches and few flower buds in our experiments. Serials strategies were performed to recover and rescue the cotton plants. Based on evaluating the hailstone damage, we fertilized 112.50 kg/ha Urea fertilizer (N content ≥ 46.4%) and intertilled the field timely. Results The recovery of plant individuals sprouted new buds and many new leaves after 12 DAH. Then the unnecessary shoots were pruned to adjust the development of fruit branches. Normally three new boll branches (NBB) in the major stem were reserved and eight subsequent emerging boll branches (EBB) in cotton plants. Five accessions with varied recovery ability and with different yield potential were sampled to compare the yield after hail damage, Sumian 20, 11–0710 and 11–0516 increased, while the other two accessions decreased relative to the normal production without hail damage. BC and RIL populations of upland cotton were used to evaluate the damage ratio of yield, which resulted in yield loss ranged 13.45%-20.27%. Fiber length, fibre elongation, fibre uniformity, and fiber elongation decreased slightly in the five accessions and in two populations. Conclusions The present study indicated that different accessions showed varied recovery ability for yield production, but all of them with a decreased ratio less than 20%. In addition, there was no significant effect on fiber quality in different cotton varieties. These results proved that the cotton plants can compensate by proper field managements, and remedial output could be obtained after hail damage.

株高是作物决定生物学产量的重要农艺性状。株高影响作物种植方式、收获指数与抗倒伏能力，对植株光合作用和光能利用方式、光合产物分配起到关键作用。"绿色革命"以来，利用矮化基因培育了大量抗倒伏能力、产量提高的矮化优良品种。因此，了解株高发育机理，发掘利用矮杆基因，选育理想株型的新材料，对于提高农作物产量具有重要意义。本文综述了赤霉素、油菜素内酯、生长素及独脚金内酯等植物激素合成或信号转导路径相关基因调控作物矮化表型形成的研究进展，为相关机理研究提供参考借鉴。

Abstract： Hailstorm might damage cotton plants severely and cause heavy economic loss in field production. It occurred often in Yellow River Basin Cotton Region and Northwest Inland Cotton Area in China. In 2015 and 2016, there were three times\' hailstorm damaged our field experiments of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in Hebei Province during seedling and bud periods. To reduce losses, we started the study to evaluate the damage effects of hailstone on plant architecture, and performed serials strategies to recover the plants and to rescue the experiments. Based on evaluating the hailstone damage, we fertilized 112.50 kg/ha Urea fertilizer (N content ≥ 46.4%) and intertilled the field timely. The recovery of plant individuals sprouted new buds and many new leaves after 12 DAH. Then the unnecessary shoots were pruned to adjust the development of fruit branches. Normally three new sympodia branches (NSB) in the major stem were reserved and eight subsequent emerging boll branches (EBB) in cotton plants. Five accessions with varied recovery ability and different yield potential were sampled to compare the yield and quality after hail damage. Among them, Sumian 20, 11-0710 and 11-0516 increased, while the other two accessions decreased relative to the normal production without hail damage. BC and RIL populations of upland cotton were used to evaluate the damage ratio of yield and quality, which resulted in yield loss ranged 13.45%-20.27%. Fiber length, fibre elongation, fibre uniformity, and fiber strength decreased slightly in the five accessions and two populations. These results proved that the cotton plants can compensate by proper field managements, and remedial output could be obtained after hail damage.