This set of data was obtained from EUREGIO database, developed by the Tinbergen Institute, which is a set of global IO tables with regional and sectoral disaggregation. The EUREGIO database collects the productive structure and commercial relations of the WIOD in the period 2000-2010. The table is broken down into 249 administrative regions at the NUTS2 level, from 24 EU countries, 16 non-EU countries, and a block that brings together countries from the rest of the world, making a total of 266 regions. The statistical information is organised in 11 IO tables, one for each year. The data base that we provid in this repository is used in our study with the aim to determine the key regions of the Spanish economy. In order to address this objective, IO tables of smaller dimensions are built, through an aggregation and disaggregation procedure. First, the 14 industries are grouped, then the 4 sectors of final demand and, lastly, the 4 components of value added. Below, the 266 EUREGIO regions are grouped into 21 regions. Of these, 19 regions correspond to Spain [1], one region includes the rest of the NUTS2 in the EU and another region covers the rest of the world. [1] The 17 Spanish regions and the two autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

El aumento de la productividad de una determinada economía requiere mejoras en la productividad de sus empresas, lo que se traduce en un mayor éxito empresarial. Cabe señalar que una empresa encaminada hacia el éxito es más productiva. El objetivo del trabajo es analizar cómo influyen los factores internos y los externos a la empresa en su productividad laboral. En este trabajo, se aporta evidencia que permite reconocer la importancia de la calidad de la gestión empresarial, por un lado, y de los factores relacionados con el funcionamiento de los mercados e instituciones, por otro, en la determinación de la productividad de las empresas. Los resultados evidencian que las prácticas de gestión empresarial, la calidad institucional y el entorno a la empresa contribuyen conjuntamente a la productividad empresarial. No obstante, se observan diferencias según el tamaño de las empresas, de forma que las empresas de menor tamaño presentan una menor productividad empresarial, que pueden aumentar si mejoran sus prácticas de gestión y su dotación en capital físico por trabajador. Además, si las instituciones invierten en mejorar el entorno en el que las empresas se localizan, éstas verán aumentar la probabilidad de alcanzar un mayor éxito empresarial.

Intangible capital is a key factor of productivity growth. This paper analyses how the internal intangible capital of the company and external intangible capital influence its productivity. This contribution focuses on the hotel industry since it is a key industry of the Spanish economy, such that any increase in its productivity has an impact on the entire economy. Both, the intangible capital of the company and that of the region in which the company is located are considered as determinants of productivity. Likewise, the importance of other agglomeration economies in the productivity of hotel companies is taken into account. A model estimates firm level determinants of productivity, controlling for regional characteristics that include intangible capital. The findings suggest that, as expected, investment of innovation by hotel companies and regions positively affects company productivity. In addition, there is evidence of the presence of agglomeration economies, both in specialization and urbanization economies. Also, the elasticity of the intangible capital itself is higher in smaller hotel companies.

THE "FLIPPED STAT CLASS" INNOVATION PROJECT: PLANNING, EXECUTION AND DISRUPTION DURING COVID19 PANDEMIC

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the determinants of the survival of Spanish companies.Design/methodology/approachTwo approaches are used and they are complementary. The first approach analyses the determinants of survival probability. For this purpose, a binary choice model is built and estimated using a sample of companies from the main economic sectors taken from the SABI database. Likewise, the Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition is applied to quantify the difference between companies with employees and without employees and the proportion of this difference that owes to observed factors or unobserved factors. Finally, the second approach is a survival analysis carried out through the Cox proportional hazard model that identifies the determinants of the duration of business activity.FindingsThe results of the empirical analysis show that companies without employees present less favourable conditions for survival at all stages of their evolution than companies with employees.Originality/valueThe contribution of this study to the empirical literature consists in analysing the difference between companies with and without employees. Due to the structure of Spanish companies, this aspect and the determinants of such difference are essential for policymakers to increase the survival for companies.

The aim of this paper is to analyse the determinants of survival in entrepreneurship in Spain. For this purpose, a binary choice model is specified and estimated, using information from the Continuous Working Life Sample drawn from the Spanish social security records. This database provides information on the work experience of entrepreneurs, which is used to differentiate between necessity and opportunity entrepreneurs. Thus, we analyse whether necessity entrepreneurs differ from opportunity entrepreneurs in terms of survival. Moreover, through the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition for nonlinear models, proposed by Yun (2004), the key factors affecting necessity and opportunity entrepreneurs are analysed. This methodology allows us to measure the difference in probability between both groups and to look further into the causes of this difference, through the unobservable component and the characteristics component. Observable factors indicate that there is a positive difference in survival probability in favour of opportunity entrepreneurs. Unobservable factors are not significant.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the accuracy of estimates elaborated in the Quarterly Spanish National Accounts (QSNA) regarding the evolution of the main economic variables. In particular, we assess the quality and precision of the estimates by analyzing the possible existence of systematic discrepancies between the advances (first estimate) of a certain quarter and the successive estimates published for this same reference quarter.

Subnational regional jurisdictions rarely have at their disposal a reasonable array of timely statistics to monitor their economic condition. In light of this, we develop a procedure that simultaneously estimates a quarterly time series for all regions of a country based upon quarterly national and annual regional data. While other such techniques exist, we suggest a temporal error structure that eliminates possible spurious jumps. Using our approach, regional analysts should now be able to distribute national growth among regions as soon as quarterly national figures are released. In a Spanish application, we detail some practicalities of the process and show that our proposal produces better estimates than the uniregional methods often used. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.