This paper analyses to what extent the choice of audio and video conferencing systems in university teaching can be described as part of an overarching “surveillance capitalism” in the course of the corona lockdowns.

The increasing pervasiveness of media in society implies the ubiquitous processes of geodata-capture and real-time feedback. The concept of Geomedia considers these developments and raises the questions of geoprivacy and corporate surveillance. The aim of this study was to investigate what kinds of geolocation data are shared wittingly or unwittingly, and in what contexts. Beyond that, we ask how much individuals know about the data-sharing processes and the underlying commercial logic, and how they act upon this knowledge (whether paradoxically or not). Our study was theoretically framed by contextual privacy (Nissenbaum 2011), because we assumed that a violation of privacy is perceived differently according to the context. The quasi-experimental design (using a WiFi-capture device) combined with a questionnaire revealed the participants’ attitudes to, and awareness of, data sharing, and their understanding of geoprivacy and geomedia use. The main results show that people are aware of the underlying commercial logic, have privacy concerns and, strongly depending on contextual factors, their knowledge and capabilities, act upon this awareness. Finally, we show that smartphones covertly share a huge amount of meta and traffic data.

This contribution is based on the results of a study on (for the smartphone users) hidden data sharing processes and edits these data to be used in a workshop targeted for schools. The pupils‘ awareness of the possible consequences of ubiquitous smartphone usage (massive data collection and evaluation or commercialisation of these data sets as the basis for underlying business models – and thus possible intrusion into privacy) shall be strengthened and the special role of geodata in these processes shall be developed.

The evolution of DVB networks towards IP systems has led to the introduction of a Generic Stream format in second-generation systems. A Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE) protocol was designed as an efficient and extensible IP encapsulation protocol for the DVB-S2 system, and there is growing interest to adopt GSE for other second-generation DVB carriers. The DVB-SH mobile standard includes provisions for GSE, but a number of adaptations are required for full support. This paper focuses on the seamless transport of GSE packets over the DVB-SH distribution network towards modulators. To this end architectural aspects are discussed and a specific protocol is proposed.

DVB standards are affected by two major developments over the last years: the convergence to IP networks, and the increasing proliferation of mobile devices. This has led to the adoption of more efficient IP encapsulation protocols such as the Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE) on one hand, and the specification of solutions targeted for mobile channels on the other hand. One such set of solutions is the introduction of time-slicing and forward error correction (FEC) mechanisms at the link layer, which have been defined in various ways in the DVB-H, -SH, and DVB-RCS standards. However, all these solutions use a slightly different encoding, lowering interoperability, and none take the underlying base-band frame structure of second-generation DVB carriers into account. This implies a loss in reception efficiency as well as a significant overhead in bandwidth requirements.This paper suggests new, unified and efficient GSE-based mechanisms for time-slicing and intra-as well as inter-burst FEC at the link layer that are applicable across the range of second-generation DVB standards, including DVB-SH and the S2 forward link of DVB-RCS systems.

Purpose Global commerce demands flexibility in when and how work gets done, as modern businesses increasingly require real‐time responses to partners and customers. With low costs, companies look to mobility as a way to speed responsiveness and increase the personalization of customer service offerings. Mobility is a key element of networking allowing enterprises to unlock their business process from fixed points. A unified approach to enterprise mobility delivers integrated wired/wireless networking, mobile extensions to unified communications, geographic, and end‐point independent network access and location services as major architectural components. As a consequence, this paper aims to focus on a converged architecture that spans wired and wireless networks to enable a seamless delivery of integrated services across the enterprise. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds a framework to facilitate a continuous delivery of voice services. It also examines an architecture that traverses wireless local area network and local area network. And, proposes a mathematical model of the services delivery in order to analyze network behavior as a response to the new services introducing. Findings The authors constructed a service scenario framework and also put forward an analytical model of the services delivery for analyzing network behavior response for the inclusion of new services. They also evaluated a network infrastructure, services, and applications, including the prospective converged services, as well as the technology for the transition to future services. Originality/value This paper contributes to the development of seamless services delivery model for providing enhanced business services to the enterprise customers along with the ability to migrate more tightly.

Telecom service providers face a challenge how to increase average revenue per user by new-generation services. In view of the fact that it is extremely difficult to predict the success of the certain kind of service(s), as a result the providers are in need for a dynamic architecture that has to be capable to deliver new services promptly, add resources for successful services as demand increases, or remove unsuccessful services effortlessly. Such architecture has to be a modular standards-based service platform that supports different protocols and interfaces as well as QoS-based transformations and gateways. The potential candidate for this delivery platform is Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Thus, the aim of our work is to develop a SOA implementation methodology considering telecom service providers existing enterprise network architecture and potential future growth.

IP/DVB operating system support for the second generation DVB physical carriers is still limited to the so called broadcast profile that supports only CCM mode and encapsulation of IP packets into transport stream packets. Both MPE and ULE are currently used encapsulations therefore. The interactive profile, in contrast, provides a generic stream interface that allows for efficient use also in VCM and ACM mode and provides with GSE a new encapsulation. This paper presents a novel architecture for Linux kernel based operating systems to support second generation DVB carriers.

There is growing interest in providing multimedia and broadband access over satellites. However there are several technical challenges need to be addressed. One challenge is security in terms of understanding threats and providing an effective security system. Also this paper presents a ULE security solution using ULE mandatory extension headers. The design issues and choices are discussed. The detailed security header format is described together with processing sequence in both transmitter and receiver sides. (8 pages)

The Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (ULE) protocol has been defined for efficient transport of IPv4/6 and other protocols over the MPEG-2 Transport Stream (TS). The proliferation of this technology on the mass market may benefit from a security solution protecting against potential threats such as eavesdropping, as well as masquerading, modification of messages, and replay attacks, similar to 802.11 security. A unified ULE security extension header format has been proposed previously by the authors. This paper discusses in detail the processing required for transmitters and receivers supporting this security extension for ULE.

In this paper we use a combination of Adaptive Coding and Modulation with Diff-Serv techniques to optimize bandwidth allocation within DVB-S2 satellite links and propose logical grouping of receivers. Especially for scenarios setups where receivers of specific services can be grouped, additional information concerning ab area of influence of this service can be utilized to down- or upgrade modulation scheme and coding rate with minimal impact on QoS.

The TV sector is facing many drastic changes and is witnessing a rapid transformation. New technologies such as interactive TV, High Definition TV, very high capacity Personal Video Recorder (HD-DVB, Blu-Ray mobile storage), Home Theatre Systems, Video On Demand, Personal TV, etc. are entering the market. Television is moving from analogue TV to digital TV, from multichannel TV to personal TV, from fixed TV to TV any-time any-where, from "provider centric" to "viewer centric", from TV watching to TV blogging and community TV. In the near future we can expect the viewer taking a more active control of the TV content, taking part in virtual TV communities and exchanging experiences, becoming creative and more participative. We will also see the TV content industry adding new interactivity dimensions to their content productions, offering the viewers the possibility to personalise their viewing of a TV production. We will see the TV channels and media providers mutating from TV content global push business models to users TV content individual pull models. This technological and TV business evolution is already taking place and will accelerate strongly in the coming years.

Current DVB-RCS systems present an IPv4-interface and no commercial RCS systems have yet offered IPv6 support. This paper explores encapsulation issues for next generation DVB-RCS terminals that will support IPv6. It assess two alternatives: the Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (ULE) and the Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE). These are shown to improve efficiency and performance and have been evaluated within a regenerative satellite platform test bed.

The converged communication applications unlock business value. The value grows with the convergence extension into new areas. These applications increase the speed and agility of the enterprises, management's ability to control operations. Moreover, they handle seamlessly voice, data, and multimedia across multiple wireline and wireless access technologies. Also, enterprises are now considering how to extend their networks by IP voice over WLANs. This process starts with an analysis of a network infrastructure, services and applications, including the potential for converged services, as well as the technology for the transition to future services. In this paper, we examine a network architecture that spans WLAN and LAN to facilitate a seamless delivery of voice services across an enterprise. We build service scenario framework for this architecture. And, we propose a mathematical model of the delivery framework in order to analyze network behavior as a response to the new services introducing.

This paper identifies key research issues and technologies that we envision will be important to the continued evolution of satellite networking and its integration as a core component of a future Internet that offers reliable, robust and pervasive networking and access to network services.

The second‐generation specification for Digital Video Broadcast over Satellite, DVB‐S2, defines an improved and adaptive physical layer. A new framing structure at the link layer, known as the generic stream (GS), is introduced offering an alternative to the well‐known MPEG transport stream (TS). This paper presents the requirements for and the design of an encapsulation protocol to transport IPv4 and IPv6 datagrams and other network protocol packets directly over DVB‐S2 using this GS profile. The resulting generic stream encapsulation (GSE) is a novel method that provides flexible encapsulation with support for fragmentation. A flexible extension header format allows GSE to carry additional header information, suitable for enhanced features, such as link layer encryption and IP header compression. The paper assesses GSE performance by simulation using realistic traffic profiles and attenuation fading. This demonstrates considerable improvement in efficiency compared with the MPE/MPEG‐2 TS, especially when used with adaptive coding and modulation (ACM). Although designed for DVB‐S2 systems, the new encapsulation is suitable for other second‐generation physical layer standards. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

This document describes a set of Extension Headers for the Unidirectional Lightweight Encapsulation (ULE), RFC4326. The Extension Header formats specified in this document define extensions appropriate to both ULE and the Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE) defined to support the second generation framing structure defined by Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) family of specifications.