Reflectance photometry by means of an available commercial double-beam reflectance densitometer was introduced to find the quantities of protein components obtained by starch-gel electrophoresis. Determination of the quantity for each protein zone was based upon measurement of amount of dye, amido black 10B, bound to the protein. Determinations were made on 106 normal human sera which included three haptoglobin types. Quantitative values were established for each of the 15 recognizable protein zones of human serum obtained from normal individuals.

Expert Medical Testimony Get access Bernhard Steinberg, M.D. Bernhard Steinberg, M.D. Laboratories and the Institute of Medical Research, The Toledo Hospital, Toledo 6, Ohio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 24, Issue 10, 1 October 1954, Pages 1149–1153, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/24.10.1149 Published: 01 October 1954 Article history Received: 01 July 1954 Published: 01 October 1954

The effects of inanition were studied in rabbits at several intervals following the restriction or removal of their food. Without food they survived about 25 days and showed a weight loss of 50%. At this time the lipide content of their marrow was decreased to less than 5%. It was replaced by a gelatinous substance having a high water content. The most cellular marrow samples contained the least water and the most lipide, which is a reversal of the order found in normal animals. The nitrogen and sulfur fractions were found to be below normal in concentration, and the inorganic phosphate had a low normal value.

The effects of inanition were studied in rabbits at several intervals following the restriction or removal of their food. Without food they survived about 25 days and showed a weight loss of 50%. At this time the lipide content of their marrow was decreased to less than 5%. It was replaced by a gelatinous substance having a high water content. The most cellular marrow samples contained the least water and the most lipide, which is a reversal of the order found in normal animals. The nitrogen and sulfur fractions were found to be below normal in concentration, and the inorganic phosphate had a low normal value.

Hemolytic anemia was produced in rabbits by the subcutaneous injection of acetylphenylhydrazine. The marrow of the anemic animals was analyzed during a period of 5–34 days. Changes were found in the chemical composition of the active marrow as early as 5–6 days; and with a period of 27–34 days, the normally inactive marrow approached the cellular and chemical composition of the active marrow. The water, residue, and nitrogen contents of the marrow were increased and the lipide concentration decreased. The sulfur and phosphorus components were essentially normal in the anemic marrow.

The existing methods for diagnosis of various conditions affecting the peritoneum have not been uniformly satisfactory. The deficiency in the exact procedures has been felt especially in certain situations such as the recognition and differentiation of primary and secondary peritonitis in children, the determination of the bacterial species in the primary type and the separation of irritative from infectious conditions of the peritoneum. Even less adequate are the available means of establishing prognosis of a phase of peritonitis. The degree of bacterial activity within the peritoneal cavity, especially in the earlier stages of an infection, does not produce clinical manifestations comparable to the potential damage of which the bacteria are capable. The sudden transformation of a patient's condition from a relatively benign to a critical state is by no means as unexpected as the outward manifestations would indicate. The major activities of the bacteria occur within the confines of the

The Experimental Background and the Clinical Application of the Escherichia Coli and Gum Tragacanth Mixture (Coli-Bactragen) in Prevention of Peritonitis Get access Bernhard Steinberg Bernhard Steinberg From the Laboratories and the Department for Medical Research of Toledo Hospital, Toledo, Ohio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 6, Issue 3, 1 May 1936, Pages 253–277, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/6.3.253 Published: 01 May 1936

Recognition of the Allergic State by Tissue Examination: The Respiratory Tract and the Nasal Sinuses Get access Bernhard Steinberg Bernhard Steinberg From the Laboratories and the Department for Medical Research, Toledo Hospital, Toledo, Ohio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 4, Issue 2, 1 March 1934, Pages 169–181, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/4.2.169 Published: 01 March 1934

The subject of peritonitis and especially its prevention by active immunity methods lately has aroused the interest of American investigators. The problem of active peritoneal immunity may be said to have been opened by Pfeiffer and Isaeff1with their demonstration of bacterial lysis within the peritoneal cavity in immunized animals (Pfeiffer phenomenon). This lysis was shown by the authors to be humoral and produced by the bacteriolysins of the serum. The next step was made by Pierallini,2who found that a leukocytic exudate could be obtained in the peritoneal cavity by the injection of foreign substances, including physiologic solution of sodium chloride. He was followed by Garnier,3who confirmed the presence of a leukocytic exudate in the peritoneal cavity of immunized animals, and found that bacteria are rapidly destroyed in the presence of such an exudate. Solieri4definitely applied such immune responses to peritonitis. He produced

Journal Article Active Immunization Methods Against Acute Diffuse Peritonitis Get access Bernhard Steinberg Bernhard Steinberg From the Laboratories and the Department of Medical Research of Toledo Hospital, Toledo, Ohio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 2, Issue 3, 1 May 1932, Pages 187–198, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/2.3.187 Published: 01 May 1932

1.1. Lipiodol injections of bronchi and roentgenograms were made during the course of an asthmatic attack and during an interval between attacks.2.2. Postmortem material of patients dying from allergic asthma was correlated with the roentgenologic findings.3.3. An asthmatic paroxysm is essentially due to bronchial occlusion by mucus as a result of a hypersecretory activity of the bronchial mucous glands.4.4. The degree and the duration of an attack are proportionate to the extent of mucous secretion and bronchial plugging.5.5. There is a reduction of functioning lung tissue due to a permanent bronchial occlusion. The extent of this reduction is proportionate to the duration of the disease, the severity and the frequency of the individual attacks.

Summary and Conclusions Normal persons give a positive reaction to intradermal injections of B. coli toxic filtrate and washed organisms. Children show a more marked reaction than adults. Patients with a long standing colon bacillus infection react slightly and a small percentage of the patients do not react at all. Negative reactions to the vaccine are more numerous than to the soluble toxic substance. Immunization with B. coli soluble toxic substance reduces but does not obliterate the reaction. Absence of B. coli agglutinins cannot be used as a criterion for absence of other neutralizing antibodies since the agglutinin titer was either nil or slight in persons with negative reactions. Because normal persons give positive reactions and patients with long standing colon bacillus infection show negative or reduced reactions, the phenomenon is assumed by us to be one in which antibodies neutralize the colon bacillus toxic substances, both soluble and that derived from the bacterial bodies. Our work thus far does not justify either an acceptance or a refutation that thephenomenon may be of an allergic nature as suggested by some workers. It is further concluded that under the conditions of these experiments, the skin reaction for the determination of the presence of colon bacillus infection is of uncertain value.

Journal Article Degenerative Lesions of the Appendix (Appendicosis) Hitherto Undifferentiated from Appendicitis Get access Bernhard Steinberg Bernhard Steinberg From the Laboratories and the Department for Medical Research, Toledo Hospital, Toledo, Ohio Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar American Journal of Clinical Pathology, Volume 1, Issue 4, 1 July 1931, Pages 339–346, https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/1.4.339 Published: 01 July 1931

In a previous communication, 1 the difficulties involved in the production of peritonitis and especially of fatal peritonitis were pointed out. It was found 2 that in dogs the intraperitoneal injection of virulent colon bacilli suspended in gum tragacanth always produced peritonitis which was invariably fatal. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the possibility of inducing active immunity against this type of fatal peritonitis. EXPERIMENTAL WORK Immunization with B. Coli Communis by the Peritoneal Route. —Twelve dogs were injected intraperitoneally with twenty-four hour cultures of Bacillus colicommunis in 0.9 per cent sodium chloride. In all these experiments B. colicommunis 300 3 was used. Four injections were given, the intervals between successive ones being three days. The initial dose consisted of the saline washings of one agar slant, and the remaining three doses of two, three and four agar slants, respectively. Nine of the twelve animals were injected with living and three

The clinical histories and the morbid anatomy of two cases of asthma are presented. One case is of an uncomplicated nonbacterial allergic asthma dying during a paroxysm; the other is that of a bacterial asthma. The pathologic changes of the nonbacterial allergic type are differentiated from those of bacterial asthma.