Halide perovskites exhibit exceptional optoelectronic properties, including strong light absorption and efficient generation of photogenerated charge carriers. However, these advantages are extremely limited in electrocatalytic systems, and their full potential remains largely unexplored. In particular, the underlying mechanisms governing light-assisted electrocatalysis in perovskite materials remain poorly understood. Herein, a Pt-modified Cs2PdBr6 all-inorganic halide perovskite (Cs2PdBr6@Pt-1.5) is designed, which achieves a low overpotential of 11 mV at 10 mA cm(-2) with excellent water stability. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy further demonstrates that the incorporation of Pt increases the population of transient species (<1 ps) and acts as an efficient charge separation channel, thereby promoting charge migration to catalytic active sites and enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction properties. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that electrons transfer from Cs2PdBr6 to Pt, and Pt-modified Cs2PdBr6 optimizes the adsorption energies of key reaction intermediates, thereby lowering the overpotential for water splitting. These findings highlight the potential of halide perovskites as a stable and efficient platform for light-assisted electrocatalytic water splitting and related energy conversion processes

Mn2+-doped nanomaterials are attractive for optoelectronic applications due to their characteristic dopant emission enabled by host-to-dopant energy transfer (ET). However, increasing Mn2+ concentrations typically leads to severe photoluminescence (PL) quenching due to strong Mn2+-Mn2+ interactions and the formation of nonradiative trap states. Here, we demonstrate that this challenge can be overcome in Cd-based perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) by exploiting localized excitons (LEs) coupled to a fast thermodynamic equilibrium with trap states. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy suggests a rapid LE-trap equilibrium (similar to 100 ps) at room temperature. Mn2 + doping further enhances exciton localization and redistributes the exciton population into trap states, which serve as intermediates for Dexter-type energy transfer, accelerating Mn2 + excitation by over an order of magnitude compared to direct energy transfer from LEs. Consequently, efficient and thermally stable Mn2+ emission is achieved at elevated dopant concentrations. The PL quantum yield exceeds that of the undoped NCs by more than 12-fold and retains 70% of its maximum value even at 20% Mn2+ concentration in Cs2CdCl4:Mn2+ NCs.

Halide perovskites exhibit exceptional optoelectronic properties, including strong light absorption and efficient generation of photogenerated charge carriers. However, these advantages are extremely limited in electrocatalytic systems, and their full potential remains largely unexplored. In particular, the underlying mechanisms governing light-assisted electrocatalysis in perovskite materials remain poorly understood. Herein, a Pt-modified Cs2PdBr6 all-inorganic halide perovskite (Cs2PdBr6@Pt1.5) is designed, which achieves a low overpotential of 11 mV at 10 mA cm-2 with excellent water stability. Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy further demonstrates that the incorporation of Pt increases the population of transient species (<1 ps) and acts as an efficient charge separation channel, thereby promoting charge migration to catalytic active sites and enhancing hydrogen evolution reaction properties. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that electrons transfer from Cs2PdBr6 to Pt, and Pt-modified Cs2PdBr6 optimizes the adsorption energies of key reaction intermediates, thereby lowering the overpotential for water splitting. These findings highlight the potential of halide perovskites as a stable and efficient platform for light-assisted electrocatalytic water splitting and related energy conversion processes.

The combustion temperature is an important parameter that characterizes the combustion behavior and energy of solid propellants. It can provide data support for the research of solid propellant combustion mechanisms and the establishment of combustion models. However, the combustion of solid propellants involves hightemperature and multiphase physical and chemical processes, which pose difficulties for thermometry. Therefore, this study selected the 680 nm and 760 nm wavelengths through mathematical simulation and designed a dual wavelength radiation image measurement system for spectral splitting. The temperature distributions of HTPB propellant with different formulas were obtained using this system. The combustion temperatures of three different formulas of propellants are 2045.3K, 1915.5K, and 1855K, respectively; The uncertainties are +/- 29.8K, +/- 33.9K, and +/- 31.8K, respectively. The measurement results show that aluminum content is an important factor affecting the combustion characteristics of HTPB solid propellants. As the aluminum content increases, the combustion temperature and rate will also increase, and the flame shape will also change accordingly. It provides effective measurement methods for the analysis of combustion performance and formulation optimization of solid propellants.

Phosphor with efficient and broad range emission is necessary for lighting applications. I-III-VI group quantum dots (QDs) have the advantages of non-toxic composition and large adjustable spectrum range, and have potential applications in the field of lighting. However, the efficient luminescence of these QDs at shorter wavelengths still needs further study, which is crucial for the development of high color rendering index white light LED devices (WLEDs). In this work, wide visible range emitting AgInS2/ZnS QDs with broad band and high luminous efficiency were obtained by altering the Ag/In ratios and Zn2+ inter-diffusion with cation of AgInS2. Photo-luminescent (PL) wavelength range of the obtained core-shell structured AgInS2/ZnS extended from 703 nm to 524 nm with high PL quantum yield (QY) and stability. The champion device based on the optimized AgInS2/ZnS QDs exhibits warm white light (correlated color temperature = 3652 K) characteristics with high color rendering index (CRI Ra) of 92.85 while maintaining excellent color stability under different driving currents. These properties are far superior to those of WLEDs with YAG phosphor.

Chiral hybrid metal halides, which integrate the superior optical properties of inorganic semiconductors with the chiral features of organic molecules, have garnered significant attention for their potential applications in multiple information storage and cryptographic security. In this study, two enantiomeric pairs of zero-dimensional (0D) hybrid chiral antimony (III) chloride single crystals are synthesized: S/R-(2-methylmorpholine)(3)SbCl6 ((S/R-2-MML)(3)SbCl6) and S/R-(2-hydroxymethyl-morpholine)(3)SbCl6 ((S/R-2-HMM)(3)SbCl6). These crystals crystallize in non-centrosymmetric space groups P2(1) and P2(1)2(1)2(1), respectively. Notably, compared to (S/R-2-MML)(3)SbCl6, the (S/R-2-HMM)(3)SbCl6 single crystals exhibit not only a remarkable photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of similar to 98 % but also an enhanced circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) with an asymmetry factor (g(lum)) of -1.51 x 10(-3). These superior optical properties are attributed to the strengthened hydrogen bonding networks formed by the -OH group in the crystal structure, which could suppress the non-radiative recombination. Furthermore, the -OH group in the hydrogen-bonding system can amplify the asymmetry factor by increasing magnetic dipole moments (m). This study elucidates the critical role of hydrogen bonding in modulating luminescence properties, offering a strategic approach for the design of highly efficient CPL materials.

Double-perovskite structured metal halides exhibit remarkable luminescence properties, making them highly promising for applications such as color conversion and scintillators. However, their practical utility is often constrained by the rigid nature of self-trapped exciton (STE) emission, which limits flexible tuning of luminescence performance. To address this challenge, double-perovskite lanthanide halides (DPLHs) have been explored, leveraging the rich energy level structure of lanthanide ions to achieve tunable emission. In this work, we present a dual-ligand assisted supersaturated recrystallization (SR) method to synthesize submicron-scale DPLHs. Using Cs2NaGdCl6 as the host material, we demonstrate multi-ion doping to achieve diverse luminescence behaviors, including downshifting luminescence (DSL), up-conversion luminescence (UCL), and X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL). Under UV excitation, triple-primary-color emission blue (Ce3 +), green (Tb3+), and red (Eu3+) is realized. Additionally, Mn2+ doping enables broad-band red emission. Rational co-doping strategies enable continuous spectral tuning across a broad wavelength rang. Under 980 nm laser excitation, Yb3+-Er3+ co-doped Cs2NaGdCl6 exhibits temperature-sensitive UCL, while Yb3+-Ho3+ co-doped samples show laser-power-dependent spectral modulation. Notably, X-ray irradiation induces valence conversion of Eu3+ to Eu2+, resulting in blue emission. This work provides a novel strategy for achieving multi-stimuli-responsive, color-tunable luminescence through rationally designed ion incorporation, expanding the potential of DPLHs in advanced optoelectronic applications.

Bi based materials have been the subject of interest from past few years due to their peculiar, layered morphology and efficient band gap suitable for many applications notably photocatalysis. Photocatalysis being a high efficiency ecologically benign technology involves the use of light and a photocatalyst (semiconductor) for reactions to generate charge carriers involved in photocatalytic performance. Among all available photocatalysts, bismuth oxyhalides-based (BiOX, X = Cl, Br, I) nanomaterials with the available oxygen vacancies become a new trend in various applications i.e., water remediation, ammonia synthesis, hydrogen evolution and carbon dioxide reduction etc. Furthermore, now a days BiOX nanomaterials are also widely used to construct efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors used for various purposes etc. Thus, this review offers a contemporary summary of recent progress in surface modification through diverse design strategies, their impact on photocatalytic efficiency, and the wide array of applications via photocatalysis. Finally, we highlighted the challenges and future prospects by keeping in focus the advance applications. We aim to help researchers to design versatile but novel bismuth oxyhalide (BiOX) nanomaterials for a range of applications, and boost its photocatalytic efficiency, thereby advancing its effectiveness.

Metal halide perovskite materials with excellent carrier transport properties have been regarded as a new class of catalysts with great application potential. However, their development is hampered by their instability in polar solvents and high temperatures. Herein, we report a solution-processed Cs2MoCl6 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) capped with the Mo6+, showing high thermostability in polar solvents. Furthermore, the Pd single atoms (PdSA) can be anchored on the surface of Cs2MoCl6 NCs through the unique coordination structure of Pd-Cl sites, which exhibit excellent semihydrogenation of different alkyne derivatives with high selectivity at full conversion at room temperature. Moreover, the activity could be improved greatly under Xe lamp irradiation. Detailed experimental characterization and DFT calculations indicate the improved activity under light illumination is due to the synergistic effect of photo-to-heat conversion and photoinduced electron transfer from Cs2MoCl6 to PdSA, which facilitates the activation of the C equivalent to C group. This work not only provides a new catalyst for high selective semihydrogenation of alkyne derivatives but also opens a new avenue for metal halides as photothermal catalysts.

CsPbI3 quantum dots (QDs) hold tremendous promise for quantum emitters, but they undergo a considerable energy loss when excited above their optical bandgap, which impedes the utilization of high-energy photons. Different surface modification strategies have been proposed to improve the phase stability of CsPbI3 QDs, however, little progress has been made to realize high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) with high-energy photon excitation. Here, a non-resonant barrier excitation (NRBE) mechanism in conjugated aromatic tetraphenylporphyrin (H2TPP)-modified CsPbI3 QDs is presented, which enables a high PLQY in the high-energy excitation regime as well as enhanced phase stability. Particularly, the proposed H2TPP ligand possesses adequate energy depth needed to realize NRBE in CsPbI3 QDs, which allows efficient charge injection from organic ligands to the inorganic core. As a result, the H2TPP-modified CsPbI3 QDs exhibit enhanced light absorption, large Stokes shift, and near-unity red emission when excited above the optical bandgap. The findings provide new insights into the ligand design strategies for improving optoelectronic properties. Conjugated aromatic tetraphenylporphyrin is shown to obtain intense light absorption. The synthesized CsPbI3@xH2TPP QDs exhibit a non-resonant barrier excitation photoluminescence with a high quantum efficiency at the high-energy excitation regime as well as enhanced phase stability.image

The supermolecular building block approach is powerful in constructing hierarchically porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). However, the structural diversity of these extended frameworks built from the same building blocks has never been explored. Herein, we propose a strategy by synergistically tuning the extending direction of metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) and the linker conformation to achieve MOFs with framework isomerism. Six novel MOFs (CCNUF-1-6) based on an octahedral MOP and different tritopic pyridine-based linkers were successfully synthesized, among which the structural diversity increased with increasing linker flexibility. The topologies (sql, kgd, and rtl) of these materials are unprecedented in MOP-based MOFs. Moreover, highly porous CCNUF-2-6 showed remarkable iodine uptake capacities in the range of 2.51 to 3.11 g g-1. This study emphasizes the potential of MOPs containing open metal sites as versatile platforms for the development of diversified hierarchically porous MOFs with enhanced functional properties.

All-inorganic halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have recently received much attention due to their excellent optoelectronic properties. And their emission properties still need to be improved for further applications. Here, we demonstrated a remarkable emission enhancement of the CsPbBr3 QDs based on an Ag nanoparticle-Ag film plasmonic coupling structure. Through precise control of the gap distance between Ag nanoparticle and Ag film, the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak was tuned to match the emission wavelength of the CsPbBr3 QDs. We achieved a 30-fold fluorescence intensity enhancement and a lower lasing threshold, which is 25% of that of the CsPbBr3 QDs without plasmonic coupling structure. It is attributed to that the plasmonic coupling structure exhibits an extremely strong local electric field owing to the coupling between LSPR of Ag nanoparticle and surface plasmon polariton of Ag film. This work provides an effective way to enhance the optical emission of perovskite QDs and promotes the further exploration of on-chip light source.

Strong Mn-Mn coupling interactions, including dipolar and exchange interactions, significantly affect the photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) in Mn2+-based luminescent materials. However, clarifying the individual effects of dipole-dipole and exchange interactions on photoluminescence (PL) is challenging because these interactions may have similar effects on PL properties, and there is a lack of materials with precisely tunable Mn-Mn distances over a wide range. In this study, the influence of dipolar and exchange coupling on PLQY is quantitatively decoupled by designing a series of hybrid manganese chlorides single crystals with a wide tuning range of Mn-Mn distances, from 6.0 to 9.5 angstrom. It is found that the PLQY can be enhanced from 2.1% to 57.1%, and the PL lifetime increased from 0.21 to 3.81 ms as the Mn-Mn distance increased. This enhancement is solely attributed to the decreased energy transfer dominated by dipole-dipole interactions. At the shortest Mn-Mn distance of 6 angstrom, exchange coupling becomes dominant, resulting in an additional red-side PL band with negligible effects on PLQY and lifetime. This work provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the regulation of PLQY in Mn2+-based luminescent materials.

Elucidating the key factors that affect the localized excitons (LEs) photoluminescence (PL) in lead-free metal halide nanocrystals (NCs) is important for their optoelectronic applications. However, the effect of A-site cations on LEs based PL is not well understood. Herein, we varied the A-site cation ratio (Rb/Cs) to investigate the influence on LEs based PL in manganese-doped zinc chloride NCs. Through time-resolved photoluminescence (TR-PL) spectra and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we discovered that Cl vacancy is energetically more favorable in Mn2+-doped Rb3ZnCl5 NCs compared to Mn2+-doped Cs3ZnCl5 NCs. The higher concentration of Cl vacancy increases the nonradiative recombination process in Rb3ZnCl5:Mn2+ NCs, ultimately determining the PL efficiency. This research enhances the understanding of the A-site cation effect on LEs-based PL in lead-free metal halide NCs.

Double perovskites are one of the most promising candidates for developing white-light-emitting diodes owing to their intrinsic broadband emission from self-trapped excitons. In their Research Article (e202213240), Feng Liu, Bin Yang, and co-workers report a novel highly luminescent one-dimensional double-perovskite-inspired material with a warm-white photoluminescence quantum yield of 92 %. Furthermore, single-component warm-white light emitting diodes were fabricated by using this material.

Low dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with self-tapped exciton (STE) emission have stimulated a surge of cutting-edge research in optoelectronics. Despite numerous efforts on developing versatile low-dimensional perovskite-inspired materials with efficient STE emissions, there is little emphasis on the intrinsic dynamics of STE-based broad emission in these materials. Here, we investigated the excited state dynamics in zero-dimensional (0D) Cs2ZrCl6 nanocrystals (NCs) with efficient blue STE emission. By using femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) spectroscopy, the ultrafast STE formation process within 400 fs is directly observed. Then, the formed STEs relax to an intermediate STE state with a lifetime of ∼180 ps before reaching the emissive STE state with a lifetime of ∼15 μs. Our work offers a comprehensive and precise dynamic picture of STE emission in low-dimensional metal halides and sheds light on extending their potential applications.

Metal ion-doped zero-dimensional halide perovskites provide good platforms to generate broadband emission and explore the fundamental dynamics of emission regulations. Recently, Sb3+-doped zero-dimensional halide perovskites have attracted considerable attention for the high quantum yield of yellow emission; however, the triplet state recombination is activated and the singlet state emission is usually absent. Herein, we fabricate an Sb3+-doped zero-dimensional [(CH3)4N]2SnCl6 perovskite that can induce singlet and triplet emission. Density functional theory calculation shows that there are some overlaps between the highest occupied molecular orbitals and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals, which may induce a large energy separation between the lowest excited triplet states (T1) and the lowest excited singlet states (S1) [ΔE(S1 - T1)], impeding all the carriers' transfer from the singlet state to the triplet state. As a result, the reserved singlet emission together with the triplet emission can be regulated by excitation wavelength in situ. In addition, different Bi3+ ratios are co-doped into Sb3+@[(CH3)4N]2SnCl6, resulting in a photoluminescence ex situ regulation. Single-phase white light LED and optical anti-counterfeiting are developed further.

Lead-free metal halide nanocrystals (NCs) have aroused increasing attention due to their unique optoelectronic properties based on localized excitons (LEs). However, the vital influencing factors for the LEs based photoluminescence (PL) are still not well-understood due to the coupling of various intrinsic and extrinsic factors of the NCs. Herein, by engineering the phase, size, morphology, and chemical composition, we are able to decouple the intrinsic and extrinsic factors of manganese doped cesium zinc-halide NCs. We found both the intrinsic metal-halide coordination field and the extrinsic crystal defects have significant influences on the LEs' recombination and energy transfer processes, and hence determine the PL efficiency. Unlike for the free excitons (FEs) based PL, the phase as well as the crystal morphology do not play major roles for the LEs based PL. This work provides a new insight for the study of LE dynamics of metal halide NCs.