The purpose of this article is to provide marriage and family therapists with an overview of issues related to the treatment of clients of American Indian descent. Through a consolidation of the current literature, the authors discuss a rationale for studying the American Indian population, present concerns that therapists are likely to encounter, and identify specific considerations to heed when engaging in a therapeutic relationship with an American Indian client or family. A call to family therapists is made to promote the profession in the area of multicultural family therapy, particularly to that of the American Indian population.