Objective:This study investigated the influence of rest intolerance on physical exercise levels among university students. It examined the independent mediating roles of exercise adherence and psychological resilience, as well as their serial mediation through exercise motivation. Methods:A survey was administered to 24,979 university students from 155 institutions across 17 provinces in China. The survey included the Rest Intolerance Scale-8 (RIS-8), Exercise Adherence Scale, Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale, Exercise Motivation Profile for Physical Activity (MPAM-R), and Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3). Data were analysed using SPSS 27.0 with the PROCESS macro, employing 5,000 bias-corrected bootstrap resamples to test mediation effects. Results:Correlation analysis revealed that rest intolerance exhibited significant positive correlations with exercise adherence (r = 0.059) and exercise motivation (r = 0.006), whilst showing significant negative correlations with physical exercise (r = -0.016) and psychological resilience (r = -0.196). Exercise adherence, psychological resilience, and exercise motivation all demonstrated significant positive correlations with physical exercise. Logistic regression analysis indicated that rest intolerance significantly reduced the likelihood of achieving higher exercise levels (moderate vs. low: OR = 0.992; high vs. low: OR = 0.987). Exercise adherence emerged as the strongest predictor (OR = 1.126-1.247), whilst psychological resilience exhibited inconsistent minor association across exercise level comparisons. Gender, year group, and BMI also significantly influenced the attainment of exercise levels. Mediation analysis revealed that rest intolerance had no significant total association on physical exercise (Effect = -0.021), yet exhibited a significant direct negative association (β = -0.063, p < 0.001), demonstrating a classic suppression effect. Exercise adherence produced a significant positive mediation effect (Effect = 0.066), while psychological resilience alone showed no significant mediation. Both chain mediations were significant but directionally opposite: 'rest intolerance → exercise adherence → exercise motivation → physical exercise' exhibited negative chain mediation (Effect = -0.020); 'rest intolerance → psychological resilience → exercise motivation → physical exercise' exhibited positive chain mediation (Effect = 0.003). The total indirect effect was significant (Effect = 0.042). Conclusion:Rest intolerance exerts a direct inhibitory association on physical exercise, yet its indirect pathways exhibit dual-directional influences through 'behavioural persistence promotion' and 'motivation depletion inhibition', thereby obscuring the overall association. Exercise adherence serves as the most critical positive mediator, while diminished motivation quality constitutes a negative chain mechanism. Interventions targeting university students with high rest intolerance must concurrently guide healthy persistence strategies and enhance motivational autonomy alongside psychological resources.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of mobile phone addiction campus-based physical activity among college students, examining the mediating role of rest intolerance and the moderating role of psychological resilience. A stratified cluster sampling method was employed to conduct a questionnaire survey among 24,345 college students. Measurements were taken using the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), the Rest Intolerance Scale (RIS-8), the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale, and the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3). Data analysis was conducted through SPSS 27.0 and the Process macro plugin, and a bias-corrected Bootstrap method was used for 5,000 repeated samplings to test the moderated mediation model. Mobile phone addiction showed a significant negative predictive effect on campus-based physical activity (β = -0.288, p < 0.05). Rest intolerance emerged as a significant partial mediating role between mobile phone addiction and campus-based physical activity, with a mediation effect value of 0.203(95

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0335180.].

OBJECTIVE:This study aims to investigate the mechanism by which exercise adherence influences psychological resilience through the chain mediating effects of health literacy and emotional management skills, as well as to explore the moderating role of general self-efficacy in this pathway. METHOD:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 9103 university students using questionnaire methodology. Variables including exercise adherence, health literacy, emotional management competence, psychological resilience, and general self-efficacy were analysed employing SPSS 26.0 and the PROCESS macro, to construct a chain mediation model. RESULTS:Exercise adherence not only directly enhances psychological resilience (β = 0.137, p < 0.001) but also generates an indirect effect through the serial pathway of "improving health literacy → enhancing emotional management competence" (β = 0.026, 95% CI [0.010, 0.043], excluding zero). Concurrently, general self-efficacy positively moderates the relationship between exercise adherence and health literacy (β = 0.033, p < 0.001), thereby amplifying this chain mediation effect. CONCLUSION:This research elucidates the mechanism through which exercise adherence influences psychological resilience via chain mediation pathways. The findings provide a robust theoretical underpinning for university mental health education initiatives along with practical guidance for physical activity promotion programmes.

The preschool years are a critical period for developing fundamental movement skills (FMS), which are strongly linked to physical activity (PA). This study aimed to examine the associations between FMS and PA on weekdays and weekends among Chinese preschool children. A total of 364 preschoolers (mean age: 4.34 ± 0.74 years, 53

OBJECTIVE:Based on the China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study, the world's largest and most up-to-date database of the centenarians, this study aimed to explore the association between activity of daily living (ADL) and self-rated health (SRH) and analyze the mediators that affect the interaction between these two factors. This study will reveal health status and provide study basis in the centenarians so as to achieve better health guidance and medical services for older population. METHODS:A total of 992 centenarians were included in this study with questionnaire survey, physical examination, and biological test. RESULTS:Gender, body mass index, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) had positive correlations with ADL and SRH, while fasting blood glucose and geriatrician depression scale (GDS)-15 had negative correlations with ADL and SRH (all P < 0.05). The total association between ADL and SRH was 0.2500 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1960-0.3039], the direct association was 0.1437 (95% CI: 0.0885-0.1989), and the total indirect association was 0.1063 (95% CI: 0.0807-0.1347; all P < 0.001). GDS-15 and MMSE were mediating factors of ADL and SRH, with mediating associations of 0.0636 (95% CI: 0.0430-0.0866) and 0.0326 (95% CI: 0.0182-0.0479), respectively. CONCLUSIONS:ADL was directly associated with SRH and indirectly associated with SRH mediated by psychological and mental states in the centenarians. Therefore, if older population want to become healthy centenarians, they should not only focus on maintaining and improving physical activity, but also could not ignore the role of psychological and mental states.

Objective Against the backdrop of widespread smartphone adoption, rising student stress levels, and the increasing prevalence of negative emotions, this study employs a chain-mediation model to investigate the relationship between physical exercise and negative emotions among university students. It further elucidates the mediating roles of self-efficacy and smartphone addiction in this association. Methods Data from the 2022 China Physical Activity and Health Longitudinal Survey (CPAHLS-CS) were used, involving a sample of 16,355 college students from East China and Central China. Measurements were taken using the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Physical Activity Self-Efficacy Scale (PASS), and the Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS). Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and chain mediation effect testing were performed using SPSS 27.0, Excel, and the PROCESS plugin, controlling for confounding variables such as gender, grade, region, and age. Results The study found a significant negative correlation between physical exercise and negative emotions in university students (r = -0.564, p < 0.001). Self-efficacy and smartphone addiction both played significant mediating roles in the relationship between physical exercise and negative emotion. The mediation effects included independent mediation by self-efficacy and smartphone addiction, as well as a chain mediation effect between the two, with effect sizes of 0.005 and -0.017, respectively. Conclusion This study offers a novel theoretical perspective on the relationship between physical exercise and negative emotions, elucidating the associations among physical exercise, self-efficacy, smartphone addiction, and negative emotions. The findings suggest that physical exercise may regulate negative emotions by enhancing self-efficacy and mitigating smartphone addiction, thereby providing empirical support for mental health intervention practices within the university student population.

Objective:This study investigates the associative mechanism between health literacy and life satisfaction among university students in China, specifically examining the chain mediation pathway involving persistent exercise and emotional management ability. Health Literacy is understood as the capacity of an individual to access, comprehend, appraise, and utilize relevant health information to promote and maintain well-being proactively. Complementing this is the concept of Life Satisfaction, which denotes an individual's subjective assessment of their overall circumstances and quality of life. Furthermore, Persistent Exercise refers to the sustained and regular engagement in physical activity necessary for long-term physical conditioning. Finally, Emotional Management Ability-often framed as emotional intelligence-is the aptitude for an individual to effectively recognize, understand, modulate, and appropriately deploy their affective states. It explores the chain-mediated roles of persistent exercise and emotional management ability. Considering persistent exercise as a behavioral factor and emotional management ability as a psychological factor, this research aims to provide a theoretical basis for enhancing the quality of life of university students by investigating the chain-mediated effects of these factors. Methods:This research constitutes a cross-sectional investigation. Data collection was standardized across administrative classes in September 2024, facilitated through the Wenjuanxing survey platform. A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select 16,395 university students across five provinces in China. The sample size was determined through proportionate allocation, benchmarked against the total national population of university students. A minimum sample size of 45 participants was required for each stratum-subgroups defined by gender and academic year/grade level-to achieve the necessary statistical power for the analysis. Measurements were operationalized using the Health Literacy Scale (HLS-SF9), the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), a scale for measuring exercise adherence, and the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS). Statistical analyses were conducted utilizing SPSS Version 26.0, the PROCESS macro (Version 4.2), Microsoft Excel, and MATLAB. The methods employed included descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Results:Health literacy was significantly positively correlated with life satisfaction (β = 0.184, p < 0.001). Persistent exercise and emotional management ability appeared to act as chain mediators in the relationship between health literacy and life satisfaction, with a total effect of 0.506 (95% CI [0.486, 0.525]), a total direct effect of 0.183 (95% CI [0.164, 0.203]), and a total indirect effect of 0.322 (95% CI [0.306, 0.338]). Specifically, health literacy demonstrated a positive association with life satisfaction (β = 0.090, p < 0.001; β = 0.520, p < 0.001), as it both enhanced persistent exercise (β = 0.952, p < 0.001) and improved emotional management ability (β = 0.277, p < 0.001). The chain-mediated pathway "Health literacy → Persistent exercise → Emotional management ability → Life satisfaction" had an effect of 0.092 (95% CI [0.085, 0.099]). Conclusion:This study revealed a significant association between health literacy and life satisfaction among Chinese university students. Furthermore, persistent exercise and emotional management ability were found to be potentially associated with both life satisfaction and health literacy, suggesting possible indirect pathways.

AimIn Chinese universities, mobile phone addiction (MPA) and bedtime procrastination (BP) are common and associated with adverse outcomes, whereas physical activity (PA) reliably benefits mental and physical health. Nevertheless, their longitudinal interplay remains underexplored. Accordingly, grounded in self-regulation theory, this longitudinal study examined the dynamic associations and potential causal pathways among MPA, BP, and PA in university students, in order to inform theory and guide future research.MethodsA total of 376 university students completed a valid questionnaire on problematic MPA, BP and PA at two points in time 3 months apart. A cross-lagged model was used to examine the longitudinal relationships between these factors.ResultsMobile phone addiction, BP, and PA exhibited complex temporal interrelations. Longitudinal path analyses indicated that: (1) mobile phone addiction (MPA), bedtime procrastination (BP) and physical activity (PA) all exhibited significant self-predictive effects between the two time points (MPA: β = 0.33, p < 0.05; BP: β = 0.28, p < 0.05; PA: β = 0.26, p < 0.01), indicating that these behavioral patterns exhibit a degree of stability; (2) There was a bidirectional reinforcement between MPA and BP, such that T1 MPA positively predicted T2 BP (β = 0.24, p < 0.001) and, reciprocally, T1 BP positively predicted T2 MPA (β = 0.20, p < 0.001); (3) PA functioned as a protective factor, whereby T1 PA predicted lower T2 MPA (β = −0.17, p < 0.001) and lower T2 BP (β = −0.19, p < 0.001); (4) Both MPA and BP exerted suppressive effects on PA, as T1 MPA (β = −0.25, p < 0.001) and T1 BP (β = −0.11, p < 0.001) negatively predicted T2 participation in PA.ConclusionThe findings suggest MPA intensifies BP and reduces PA engagement, potentially creating a self-perpetuating cycle. Therefore, promoting PA may counter both MPA and BP, providing empirical support for targeted university interventions on students’ phone use and sleep behaviors.

OBJECTIVE:The study aims to examine the impact of physical exercise on sleep quality among college students and elucidate the mediating roles of self-efficacy and emotional control in this relationship. METHODS:Data were obtained from the 2024 China College Students' Physical Activity and Health Tracking Survey (CPAHLS-CS). A sample of 10,970 college students was included. Physical exercise levels were measured using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3), sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), self-efficacy was measured using the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and emotional control was assessed using the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale. Regression analysis and Bootstrap mediation analysis were employed to test the hypothesised relationships. RESULTS:(1) The direct effect of physical exercise on sleep quality was not significant (β = 0.011, P > 0.05). However, the total effect was negative (β = -0.056, P < 0.001), indicating that indirect effects comprised the predominant mechanism. (2) Self-efficacy (effect size = -0.024) and emotional control (effect size = -0.022) each independently mediated the relationship between physical exercise and sleep quality. (3) In the pathway through which physical exercise influences sleep quality, self-efficacy, and emotional control functioned as independent mediating variables. Specifically, physical exercise indirectly improved sleep quality by enhancing self-efficacy while positively impacting sleep quality through a distinct mediating mechanism involving strengthening emotional control. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrates the influence of physical exercise, self-efficacy, and emotional control on sleep quality. The findings suggest that physical exercise indirectly optimises sleep quality through a dynamic and synergistic mechanism involving the enhancement of self-efficacy and emotional control. This study provides theoretical support and practical pathways for sleep quality interventions in college students.

This cross-sectional study aimed to identify high-risk influencing factors associated with higher odds of physical inactivity among Chinese university students using data from the CPAHLS-CS. It further explored gender differences in these associations to provide evidence for developing differentiated intervention strategies. This cross-sectional study aimed to identify factors associated with IPAQ-derived low physical activity (LPA) among Chinese university students using data from the CPAHLS-CS and to examine whether these associations differed by gender. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 35,696 university students from general higher education institutions across China in 2024 using stratified cluster sampling. The questionnaire was utilized to assess the students’ PA levels and collect data on demographic, psychological, behavioral, and health indicators. PA level was classified into low, moderate, and high categories according to the IPAQ scoring protocol. For binary logistic regression, LPA was used as the outcome variable, with LPA coded as 1 and moderate/high PA coded as 0. Chi-square tests, Spearman correlation analysis, sex-stratified binary logistic regression, and pooled logistic regression models with gender-by-predictor interaction terms were used to examine factors associated with physical inactivity and to formally test whether these associations differed by gender. The overall prevalence of IPAQ-derived LPA was 68.48

OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the mechanism through which exercise adherence enhances emotional regulation ability in college students, focusing on the chain mediating pathway involving sleep quality and self-efficacy. It provides a theoretical foundation for exercise-based interventions to promote psychological health in this population. METHODS:A cross-sectional design was employed, with 8,899 chinese college students from Henan Province selected via stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected using the Exercise Adherence Scale (EAS), Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). Statistical analyses were conducted using EXCEL, Mplus 8.3, and SPSS 27.0.1. RESULTS:Exercise adherence exerted a significant direct positive effect on emotional regulation (β = 0.289,56.67% of the total effect). Significant independent mediating effects were observed for sleep quality (β = 0.010,6.33%) and self-efficacy(β = 0.200,89.59%). Crucially, a chain mediation pathway was identified: exercise adherence improved sleep quality, which subsequently enhanced self-efficacy, ultimately strengthening emotional regulation ability(β = 0.010,4.52%). CONCLUSION:Exercise adherence directly enhances emotional regulation and indirectly influences it through the "sleep quality → self-efficacy" chain pathway. These findings reveal a synergistic multi-path mechanism and provide empirical support for designing targeted exercise-based mental health interventions.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the associations between exercise adherence and psychological resilience among university students and to explore the chain mediating roles of general self-efficacy and generalized anxiety symptoms within these associations.MethodsA total of 24,979 university students were recruited using a stratified, cluster, and multi-stage sampling method. Data on exercise adherence, general self-efficacy, generalized anxiety symptoms, and psychological resilience were collected via an online questionnaire platform Wenjuanxing.ResultsExercise adherence was significantly and positively associated with psychological resilience, with a total effect of 0.670, a direct effect of 0.382, and an indirect effect of 0.288. Exercise adherence was significantly and positively correlated with general self-efficacy and significantly and negatively correlated with generalized anxiety symptoms. General self-efficacy was significantly and positively correlated with psychological resilience), and significantly and negatively correlated with generalized anxiety symptoms. Generalized anxiety symptoms were significantly and negatively correlated with psychological resilience, and general self-efficacy mediated the association between exercise adherence and psychological resilience, generalized anxiety symptoms likewise mediated this relationship. A mediation effect of general self-efficacy and generalized anxiety symptoms was identified between exercise adherence and psychological resilience.ConclusionExercise adherence is directly and positively associated with psychological resilience in university students, and it shows an indirect association with resilience through higher general self-efficacy, which in turn is associated with lower generalized anxiety symptoms.

ObjectiveTo explore the key predictors of physical activity (PA) levels of Chinese university students, and to analyse the predictive roles of different variables and their relative importance by means of the Random Forest (RF) algorithm.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using a stratified whole-group sampling method, covering 17 provinces of the country and collecting 10,182 valid questionnaires. Assessment of PA levels using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 (PARS-3) divides participants into attainment and non-attainment groups. The independent variables encompass the individual and interpersonal organisational levels of the socio-ecological model (SEM), comprising a total of 39 variables. These variables include demographic characteristics, psycho-behavioural factors, and social support, which were measured using several standardised scales. Feature importance analysis was performed using the Random Forest algorithm, and the model parameters were optimised with a grid search and 5-fold cross-validation to identify the most significant factors predicting PA.ResultsThe RF model had an accuracy of 0.704 and an AUC value of 0.762. Characteristic importance analysis revealed that exercise adherence (exercise behaviour), sex, exercise adherence (effort investment), mastery of sports skills, exercise motivation (ability), alcohol consumption level, exercise adherence [emotional experience, exercise motivation (social), and exercise motivation (fun) ranked as the top nine predictive factors]. Specifically, all sub-dimensions of exercise adherence (exercise behaviour) positively predict PA (SHAP values > 0); sex, males are more likely than females to meet the standard group criteria (OR > 1, p < 0.001); mastery of sports skills correlates positively with PA levels; and among alcohol consumption level, ‘occasional drinking’ shows a negative correlation with the standard attainment rate (p < 0.001).ConclusionExercise adherence, sex, mastery of sports skills, and alcohol consumption level are significant factors predicting PA levels among Chinese university students. Recommendations for promoting PA include enhancing the “emotional value” and social attributes of exercise, addressing female students’ willingness to participate, and improving physical capabilities through skills training to effectively elevate activity levels.

This study aims to understand the status of depression and anxiety among Chinese university students through epidemiological investigation of a large sample size and provide a foundation for identifying individuals at risk of psychological crisis and developing targeted intervention strategies. Survey participants were selected using a multi-stage sampling approach, which incorporated elements of stratification and cluster sampling. The main participants consisted of 49,717 university students from 106 Chinese universities. Self-report questionnaires were used to assess depression and anxiety levels retrospectively. Of the 49,717 questionnaires collected, 41,620 were deemed valid after a rigorous data cleaning process, resulting in a validity rate of 83.7

PurposeTo investigate the impact of exercise adherence on life satisfaction among Chinese university students and to explore the mediating roles of motor-skill competence and health literacy. The ultimate goals are to provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between physical activity and well-being, and to inform the development of targeted interventions that promote holistic student development.MethodA total of 15,031 valid responses were extracted from a national university-student survey database. All variables were assessed with standardized questionnaires. Data were analyzed with SPSS 27.0. Promoting the physical and mental well-being and holistic development of students has become a policy priority that commands national attention, public concern, and sustained governmental focus, and the PROCESS macro v4.0.ResultExercise adherence, life satisfaction, motor-skill competence, and health literacy were positively intercorrelated. Exercise adherence significantly and positively predicted university students' life satisfaction. The indirect effect along Path 1-exercise adherence → motor-skill competence → life satisfaction-was 0.003, accounting for 1.1% of the total effect. The indirect effect along Path 2-exercise adherence → health literacy → life satisfaction-was 0.067, accounting for 26.25% of the total effect. The indirect effect along Path 3-exercise adherence → motor-skill competence → health literacy → life satisfaction-was 0.001, accounting for 0.28% of the total effect.ConclusionThe study findings reveal that exercise adherence has a positive direct effect on university students' life satisfaction and also exerts an indirect effect through the sequential mediation of motor-skill competence and health literacy. These results provide empirical evidence of the complex interplay between physical activity, skill development, and mental health.

OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to examine the influence of physical exercise (PE) on emotional management ability (EMA) among college students and to investigate the mediating roles of exercise adherence (EA) and psychological resilience (PR) in the relationship between PE and EMA. METHOD:Demographic information was collected using stratified, cluster, and multi-stage sampling methods. Data on PE, EA, PR, and EMA were collected from college students via the Wenjuanxing platform, resulting in a final sample of 11,388 valid questionnaires. RESULTS:Significant positive correlations were found between PE and EMA (r = 0.164, P < 0.01), PE and EA (r = 0.452, P < 0.01), and PE and PR (r = 0.201, P < 0.01). Significant positive correlations were also observed between EA and PR (r = 0.329, P < 0.01), and EA and EMA (r = 0.478, P < 0.01). PR was significantly positively correlated with EMA (r = 0.411, P < 0.01). PE significantly negatively predicted EMA (β = -0.009, P < 0.001). EA mediated the relationship between PE and EMA (95% CI: [0.039, 0.045]). PR also mediated the relationship between PE and EMA (95% CI: [0.001, 0.004]). A serial mediation effect of EA and PR was found in the relationship between PE and EMA (95% CI: [0.008, 0.010]). CONCLUSION:This study reveals the impact of PE, EA, and PR on EMA. The findings suggest that enhancing PE participation, improving EA, and increasing PR can improve EMA among college students.

Based on the Health Action Process Approach theory, this study aims to explore how health literacy influences exercise adherence among Chinese university students. It focuses on examining the chain mediating effects of emotional management ability and life satisfaction. This study used a stratified, cluster, and phased sampling approach to gather demographic information. Data were collected through the Wenjuanxing platform. The survey gathered information on health literacy, emotional management ability, life satisfaction, and exercise adherence among university students. A total of 11,272 valid questionnaires were collected. Health literacy directly predicted exercise adherence positively (β = 0.618, P < 0.001). Emotional management Ability (effect size = 0.281, 95

PURPOSE:This study examines how eHealth literacy influences exercise behaviour among university students through a moderated mediation model. Specifically, peer relationships are positioned as mediators, while sleep quality moderates the effect of eHealth literacy on exercise behaviour among university students. The study explores the intricate interactions involved and elucidates how eHealth literacy affects exercise behaviour through multiple dimensions. METHODS:Student data were collected via questionnaire surveys across multiple academies. A stratified purpose sampling approach was employed for participant selection, targeting four specific universities to ensure regional and typhological representation: Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Yangzhou University, Shangqiu University, and Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute. This process resulted in 14,892 valid responses for analysis, and SPSS 26.0 along with the PROCESS macro was used to analyses variables such as electronic health literacy, physical activity, sleep quality, and peer relationships. RESULTS:The structural equation modeling revealed a significant direct effect of eHealth literacy on university students physical activity behaviour (β=0.065, p<0.001). Mediation analysis delineated an indirect pathway through peer relationships: eHealth literacy significantly enhanced peer relationship quality (β=0.251, p<0.001), which subsequently predicted increased physical activity (β=0.058, p<0.001). Peer relationships significantly mediate between eHealth literacy and university students physical activity (β=0.251, p<0.001). Additionally, sleep quality serves as a moderating variable (β=0.029, p<0.001), significantly moderating the direct effect of eHealth literacy on university students physical activity, with the 95% confidence intervals consistently excluding zero. CONCLUSION:EHealth literacy among university students can significantly and positively predict their exercise behaviour. Peer relationships mediate the effect of eHealth literacy on exercise behaviour. At the same time, sleep quality is a moderating variable influencing eHealth literacy's direct impact on university students exercise behaviour.

Objective:This study aims to investigate the impact of Physical Activity on Self-Emotional Management among university students and to verify the mediating roles of Self-Rated Health and Life Satisfaction. Methods:A stratified cluster sampling method was used to enroll 10,300 university students from Western China. Questionnaires were used to collect data, which included demographic and sociological information, the Physical Activity Scale (for measuring Physical Activity), the Emotional Intelligence Scale (for measuring Self-Emotional Management), the Short-Form Health Survey (for measuring Self-Rated Health), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (for measuring Life Satisfaction). The results were statistically analyzed by using SPSS 26.0. Results:There was a positive correlation between different intensities of Physical Activity and Self-Emotional Management among university students in Western China (p < 0.001). Yet the direct predictive effect on Self-Emotional Management was not significant. Low-Intensity Physical Activity positively predicted Self-Rated Health (β = 0.876, p < 0.001), while Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity negatively predicted Self-Emotional Management (β = -1.500, p < 0.001). Self-Rated Health positively predicted both Life Satisfaction and Self-Emotional Management (β = 0.118, p < 0.001; β = 0.030, p < 0.001), and Life Satisfaction positively predicted Self-Emotional Management (β = 0.403, p < 0.001). Self-Rated Health partially mediated the relationship between Low-Intensity Physical Activity/Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity and Self-Emotional Management, with effect sizes of 0.026 (95% CI: 0.002-0.052) and -0.045 (95% CI: -0.080 to -0.010) respectively. The serial mediation pathway, the Low-Intensity Physical Activity/Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity→Self-Rated Health→Life Satisfaction→Self-Emotional Management was significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion:Low-Intensity Physical Activity or Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity cannot directly influence university students' Self-Emotional Management ability. Based on self-determination theory, Self-Rated Health can independently influence university students' Self-Emotional Management ability. It can also indirectly influence Self-Emotional Management by incorporating the chained mediation effect of Self-Rated Health and Life Satisfaction.