In late 2019 a new pandemic disease was identified, COVID-19, caused by a new coronavirus - SARS-CoV-2. Among the risk population are cancer patients but the repercussions on these patients were probably greater because of diagnosis and staging delays. Thus, the objective of this study will be to assess the impact of COVID-19 on lung cancer patients (pts) newly diagnosed in three Portuguese and three Spanish general hospitals, in 2020 and to compare the data with the previous two pre-pandemic years.

There are currently no predictive biomarkers for long-term survival after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. However, the identification of non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who obtain long-term benefit from chemoimmunotherapy is essential to optimize therapies.

In this work, a method for the preparation and anchoring of polymeric monoliths in a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tubing as a column housing for microbore HPLC is described. In order to assure a covalent attachment of the monolith to the inner wall of the PTFE tube, a two-step procedure was developed. Two surface etching reagents, a commercial sodium naphthalene solution (Fluoroetch®), or mixtures of H2O2 and H2SO4, were tried and compared. Then, the obtained hydroxyl groups on the PTFE surface were modified by methacryloylation. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the successful modification of the tubing wall and the stable anchorage of monolith to the wall, respectively. Special emphasis was also put on the reduction of the unwanted effects of shrinking of monolith during polymerization, by using an external proper mold and by selecting the adequate monomers in order to increase the flexibility of the polymer. Poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-divinylbenzene) monoliths were in situ synthesized by thermal polymerization within the confines of surface-vinylized PTFE tubes. The modified PTFE tubing tightly held the monolith, and the monolithic column exhibited good pressure resistance up to 20 MPa. The column performance was also evaluated via the isocratic separation of a series of alkylbenzenes in the reversed-phase mode. The optimized monolithic columns gave plate heights ranged between 70 and 80 μm. The resulting monoliths were also satisfactorily applied to the separation of proteins.

Two new chemiluminescence methods are described for the determination of herbicide MCPB. Firstly, a flow injection chemiluminescence (FI-CL) method is proposed. In this method, MCPB is photodegraded with a UV lamp and the photoproducts formed provide a great chemiluminescence signal when they react with ferricyanide in basic medium. Secondly, an HPLC chemiluminescence (HPLC-CL) method is proposed. In this method, before the photodegradation and CL reaction, the MCPB and other phenoxyacid herbicides are separated in a C18 column. The experimental conditions for the FI-CL and HPLC-CL methods are optimized. Both methods present good sensitivity, the detection limits being 0.12 μg L -1 and 0.1 μg L -1 (for FI-CL and HPLC-CL, respectively) when solid phase extraction is applied. Intraand interday relative standard deviations are below 9.9%. The methods have been satisfactorily applied to the analysis of natural water samples. FI-CL method can be employed for the determination of MCPB in simple water samples and for the screening of complex water samples in a fast, economic and simple way. The HPLC-CL method is more selective, and allows samples that have not been resolved with the FI-CL method to be solved.

El cambio del paradigma educativo que ha supuesto la introducción de las TIC es innegable e irreversible ofreciendo alternativas a la docencia presencial que se ven reflejadas en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El profesor debe competir con tecnologías varias que proporcionan diferentes opciones de formación a sus estudiantes. Los cursos abiertos y participativos favorecen la relación y posibilitan la comunicación. La Educación Superior requiere de nuevos modelos que permitan la formación de personas con capacidad de adaptarse y de sobrevivir en un ambiente cambiante. Desde esta perspectiva se habla de educación o aprendizaje líquido, acorde a nuestros tiempos, basado en el uso de tecnologías, adaptando el conocimiento a las personas. Se trata de una educación a medida de las circunstancias, que se ajusta al contexto y al comportamiento virtual de las personas. Esta comunicación presenta un modelo de aprendizaje líquido de la Química básica, un curso SPOC “Small Private Online Courses”, dirigido a un público más reducido que los MOOC, progresivo, personalizado, con retroalimentación instantánea. Se describen los motivos que han llevado a los profesores a diseñar este tipo de iniciativa, el análisis de los contenidos y el volumen de trabajo que ha supuesto para los autores.

A rubric was employed to assess laboratory reports in the Bachelor's Degree in Environmental Sciences at the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV). The rubric was developed within the framework of an Educational Innovation Project, which has been carried out since the academic year 2010/11. This project has been the result of a co-ordinated effort between the Chemistry and the Hydraulic Engineering and Environment Departments.Rubrics provide a very useful tool for learning, as they are a guide about contents and presentation and they allow students to self-assess. The project's final goal is to prepare students for the labour market, where effective writing is a vital skill for environmental professionals, who should be able to create good quality reports. In this study a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis is performed to define the best strategy to improve its use. The use of rubrics to guide report's writing in practices is analysed with first, second and third year students in the Bachelor's Degree in Environmental Sciences. The teachers in the subjects involved identified the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, and elaborated the SWOT matrix. A survey was passed to the students of the 2010/11 and 2011/12 academic years to take into account their opinion.The results advice is to adopt a weakness and opportunities strategy that overcome weaknesses by taking advantage of opportunities. The use of peer feedback groups' method is suggested to overcome the need of a guided learning and the students' difficulties in understanding the rubric. This is a recognized method aimed at supporting students in building academic writing competencies.

Continuous assessment allows to follow the learning and the student work throughout the teaching period. This type of assessment has been established in the subjects of Chemistry, Instrumental Analysis and Air Pollution since the implementation of the Bachelor Degree in Environmental Sciences at the Escuela Politecnica Superior de Gandia. These three subjects include different learning activities (midterm exams, problems, lab reports, learning modules, etc.) that are considered in the final grade. This evaluation system improves the percentage of participation in classes and the rate of students passed over the previous honours degree assessment system.

Autonomous learning is promoted through the use of multimedia resources that provide an attractive and motivating environment for students. The learning modules consist of an on-line organized sequence of information, which includes videos, virtual labs or tasks, among other objects. In the area of analytical chemistry of the Escuela Politecnica Superior de Gandia we have developed nine learning modules, 3 of which are being used to support the lectures in the Bachelor Degree in Environmental Sciences. The percentage of participation of students in these activities is high and the mean scores of the group are between 7 and 9.

In recent years, the "Universitat PolitScnica de Valsncia"(UPV) has been making great efforts to introduce the use of active methodologies in teaching methods. In order to adapt the subject "Management and Conservation of Natural Resources", for the Bachelor Degree in Environmental Sciences, to the European space for higher education, different active methodologies have been applied: working in groups, solving problems and posters.The use of posters lets the development of some of the general skills of the Bachelor Degree in Environmental Sciences, such as teamwork skills, information management abilities and use of the internet as a source of information. The poster activity allows students to increase their knowledge of the teaching units. This tool also allows students to learn to summarize information from a scientific paper in a clear and simple way.In this activity, the students are divided into groups of 4-5 people and a topic is assigned to each group. The students then learn to research literature using search engines which would be useful in an academic setting for finding and accessing articles, such us Google Scholar, Scirus or Polibuscador (a specific search platform of the UPV). This part of the activity is carried out in a computer room at the University with the teacher providing some key words to the students.After the research, the students must select a scientific article related to their topic and extract the relevant information from it, which is finally translated into a poster. As supporting material, students are provided with some instructions, "a rubric for posters production", which includes information about the different parts of a poster with illustrative examples. The teacher coordinates the preparation of the poster in tutorial sessions.Finally, the posters are shown in the classroom and students analyze and evaluate all of them. In order to make the evaluation process easier students have another rubric at their disposal, which specifies the relevant aspects that must be taken into account when evaluating the posters.During the 2009/10 academic year 7 posters were produced with very good final marks. In addition, students have shown their interest throughout the process and have appreciated it, because they noticed that this can be very useful for them in the near future. To sum up, the development of the poster has been revealed as a good tool for students, who are able to work as a team, find scientific information and show that information in a concise and attractive way. Therefore the initial goals have been achieved.

In the European Higher Education Area, Universities have begun to describe their modules and study programmes in terms of learning outcomes which describe what a learner is expected to know, understand and be able to do after successful completion of a process of learning. Moreover, employability is a very important criterion in curricular development and one of the goals driving the Bologna process is preparing graduates for the labour market.In this context, effective writing is a vital skill for environmental professionals, who should be able to create good quality reports. For students, writing is an incomparable opportunity to be creative and to demonstrate that they can think for themselves. Writing also helps students to improve their ability to express their ideas in a way that can be understood by others. In this study, the authors present the work with students from the Bachelor's Degree in Environmental Sciences, to improve their writing skills by preparing laboratory reports that follow the conventions of the literature. In order to motivate students, and give them greater confidence in the objectivity and transparency of the marking process, an analytical rubric has been developed. Using rubrics provides students with more informative feedback about their strengths and areas in need of improvement and allow students self-assessment. Moreover, the rubric provides a tool very useful for learning, as it is a guide about contents and presentation.As this is the second year since the degree establishment in the Universitat PolitScnica de Valencia (Spain), rubrics have been utilized with first and second year students in the 2010/ 11 academic year. In this first pilot experience, a rubric with only two grades, correct and incorrect, has been developed. This is because the authors think that is better to keep it simple. Although the rubric has been elaborated thinking in the presentation of laboratory reports, it could be applied to any other type of report that learners should prepare whereas with academic character or later in their professional life. The work has been carried out with the help of an Educational Innovation Project, from the Universitat PolitScnica de Valencia. This project has been the result of a coordination effort between the Chemistry and the Hydraulic Engineering and Environment Departments, which are the main departments involved in the Degree.

The direct determination of yellow acridine is performed by a FIA. assembly on the basis of the oxidation of the acridine. The acridine solution is injected into a pure water stream. This solution merges with the oxidant solution (KMnO4 in sulfuric acid mediums and the resulting chemiluminescence allows the method to be applied over the range 0.01-100 mg L-1 of acridine with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997. The relative standard deviation (%) is 1.6 and the sample throughput 60 h(-1). The influence of foreign substances is also tested. The new method is applied to the determination of yellow acridine in waste waters.

A general view about the determination of pesticides in the FIA methodology is presented. The review is dealing with the different published analytical procedures divided into three groups: a) homogeneous systems(only solutions) in which the reported procedures are classified according to the used detector; b) heterogeneous systems (solid-liquid or liquid-liquid); and c) a third group is presented with the papers dealing with the FIA assembly as the sample pretreatment for the injection into a chromatograph. A table with the most relevant analytical information of each of reported procedure is also presented.

- - - - .- - length, respectively, Lengthening the light-path of the flow-cell increase in the sensitivity and the detection limits are markedly reduced according to Lambert law and the dispersion of the sample in the flow manifold. Due to the dispersion effect, the flow manifold should be re-optimized for different cells; however, differences between the both optimized manifolds are not relevant. The study is carried out with five different sulfonamides. The influence of foreign compounds is also studied and the method is applied to the determination of those sulfonamides in pharmaceutical formulations.