Pardosa parallela Banks, 1898 is made the type species of the new genus Camptocosa. Camptocosa parallela new combination is re-described from fresh material, and a new species C. texana, is described from Texas.Pardosa parallela Banks, 1898 ha sido designada como especie tipo del nuevo género Camptocosa. Camptocosa parallela nueva combinación, es redescrita de material recientemente colectado y una nueva especie, C. texana es descrita para Texas.

Orb-weaving spiders spin the wheel-shaped webs often seen on dewy mornings in meadows and hedges, or on the walls and the eaves of buildings. This manual provides descriptions, illustrations, and taxonomic keys for the identification of the 94 species of these spiders represented in Canada and neighbouring regions. This volume covers collecting methods, anatomy, and reproduction in detail. Also present is a detailed discussion on the nature of spider silk, and the construction of orb webs, along with clearly presented maps, keys, and illustrations.

Spiders of 297 species are recorded from the Yukon Territory. Another 39 species that occur in adjacent regions and that are expected to occur in the Yukon are also listed. Seventeen percent (50 species) of the 297 Yukon species belong to the arctic zone, 27% (82 species) to the subarctic/alpine zone, and 52% (154 species) to the boreal zone. The remaining 4% (11 species) are associated with no particular zone but are mainly widespread in the western mountains and Central Plains. Most Arctic species are widespread in the Palaearctic region and also occur in East Beringia, or they are associated with Beringia. The ranges of Subarctic/Alpine species tend to fall into the categories of widespread in both the Palaearctic and the Nearctic regions, widespread Nearctic-West Beringian, or Cordilleran. The Boreal species fall mainly into the range categories widespread Holarctic, widespread Nearctic-West Beringian, or widespread Nearctic. Species of the family Erigonidae, comprising small, mainly litter-dwelling spiders, make up one-third of the spider species in the Yukon as a whole and also in the subarctic/alpine and boreal zones, but increase greatly in proportion in the arctic zone.

Six small peatlands, comprising three bogs and three fens, were surveyed for spiders in southern Ontario or southwestern Quebec. Collections from the Mer Bleue bog contained representatives of 108 species (54.6% of the total), those from the Crieff fen 97 (49.0%), those from the Wylde Lake bog 77 (38.9%), those from the Oliver bog 76 (38.4%), those from the Richmond fen 59 (29.8%), and those from the Poltimore fen 49 species (24.8% of the total). The family Erigonidae had 24.8% of the total 198 species, Lycosidae had 11.1%, Linyphiidae had 10.6%, and Salticidae had 9.1%, Web-building species outnumbered hunting species by 118 to 80. The majority of species in these peatlands are wide-ranging litter inhabitants, about one-third are tree, shrub, or herb inhabitants, and one-tenth were found only in or on the surface of the peat itself. Nine of the last-named group appear to be restricted to bogs, but none appear to be restricted to fens.

Spiders of 15 families, 76 genera, and at least 125 species were collected by pitfall traps in a sprucebudworm infested forest of northern Maine. Species of Lycosidae were numerically dominant and accounted for 56.2 and 54.1% of the total trapped specimens in 1977 and 1978, respectively. For both study years, significantly more (P < 0.05) individuals and species of spiders were captured in clearcut strips than in either uncut residual strips or dense stands. Peaks in seasonal activity of spiders generally coincided with the spruce budworm's early and late larval stages; spiders were also abundant and active during budworm oviposition and dispersal of 1st instars. Diversity of spider species was generally greater in dense stands and uncut residual strips than in clearcut strips. Individuals were distributed unevenly among species but more evenly in dense stands and uncut residual strips than in clearcut strips. Coefficients of community (CC) and percentage similarity (PS) values indicated more spider species than individuals were shared in common among forest conditions. Neither age of strip clearcut (1-6 years) nor litter depth had much influence on mean catches and mean numbers of species of spiders per trap per week.

AbstractThe North American representatives of seven species groups in the genusPardosaare reviewed and are found to have the following distribution: (1) theatratagroup, represented by the widespread nearctic speciesP.fuscula(Thorell), which may or may not be conspecific withP.atrata(Thorell) of the Palaearctic; (2) thecubanagroup, represented byP.cubanaBryant of the Caribbean area; (3) theferrugineagroup, represented byP.beringianasp.n. from Alaska and Yukon Territory; (4) themoestagroup, represented by the widespread nearcticP.moestaBanks; (5) themonticolagroup, represented by the holarcticP.palustris(Linnaeus); (6) thesaltuariagroup, represented by the holarcticP.hyperborea(Thorell) and the nearcticP.californicaKeyserling; (7) thesolitudagroup, represented by the nearcticP.solitudaLevi and Levi, found only in the high Rockies.

AbstractThis paper treats taxonomically 10 North American species of the genusPardosa. Thecoloradensisgroup contains only the three speciesPardosa metlakatlaEmerton, 1917,Pardosa coloradensisBanks, 1894, andPardosa ontariensisGertsch, 1933 (=Pardosa pristinaFox, 1937, new synonym). Thexerampelinagroup contains three Nearctic species, namely,Pardosa diuturnaFox, 1937,Pardosa xerampelina(Keyserling, 1877) (=Pardosops impavidulaRoewer, 1954, new synonym), andPardosa nordicolensChamberlin and Ivie, 1947. Thelapponicagroup comprises the Holarctic speciesPardosa lapponica(Thorell, 1872) (=Pardosa harperiBishop, 1949, new synonym) and the NearcticPardosa concinna(Thorell, 1877). Thetesquorumgroup is composed of the Holarctic speciesPardosa tesquorum(Odenwall, 1901) and the NearcticPardosa mulaikiGertsch, 1934.

The European spider Steatoda bipunctata has apparently been introduced into North America through human transport. The earliest American collections were made in Nova Scotia in 1913. Until about 1933, specimens were known only on the coast of the Atlantic provinces, Maine, and along the St. Lawrence River and Lake Ontario, but they are now found widely in the Atlantic Provinces, northernmost New England, and southern Québec and Ontario. Habitats include buildings, bridges, piles of lumber and firewood, and crevices on tree trunks or among rocks. Evidence indicates that S. bipunctata, which closely resembles the native S. borealis in size, colour, microhabitat, diel activity, prey selection and utilization, life history, and sexual behaviour, can displace S. borealis. Displacement is, however, only partial, as S. borealis persists in forest habitats, where human influence is minimal. Laboratory tests on reproductive potential and interspecific aggression failed to demonstrate the method by which displacement takes place.

1 l').12'.13(12').13'.14(13').14'.15(14').15'. 16(15').16'.Dondale & Redner Genus Pardosa 83 Range.Costa Rica to Ecuador.The record of uncatula from Panama by Petrunkevitch (1925) was not confirmed.The type of Lycosa fastosa viota Strand, 1914, was not found.Natural History.Males have been collected in every month except

AbstractIn Quebec commercial apple orchards, spider populations are shown to have been depressed numerically by current pest management practices. Hunting species appeared to be more sensitive to insecticides than web-building species. There were large differences in spider distribution among orchards and years, although some consistent patterns were observed. Specimens from the following families were captured: Theridiidae, Linyphiidae, Lycosidae, Araneidae, Erigonidae, Clubionidae, Tetragnathidae, Dictynidae, Salticidae, Philodromidae, and Thomisidae. In orchards treated only for scab control or with only a single insecticide application for apple maggot control, spiders attained their maximal numbers in August. With two treatments for apple maggot control, spiders attained their maximal numbers towards the end of September.

AbstractThe genusAlopecosaSimon is revised for North America. A general description for the group is given, and a key to species is presented. Seven species are represented in North America:A.aculeata(Clerck, 1757) from Alaska to Newfoundland and southward to Arizona;A.kochi(Keyserling, 1877) (=Tarentula gertschiSchenkel, 1951 syn. n., =Lycosa jollensisSchenkel, 1951 syn. n.) from southern B.C., southern Ontario, and western and northern U.S.A.;A.pulverulenta(Clerck, 1757) (=Tarentula aquilonarisFox, 1940 syn. n.), recorded from the Nearctic on the basis of a female from Attu Island, Alaska;A.exasperans(O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1877) from the Canadian Arctic islands;A.mutabilis(Kulczynski, 1908) from northern Alaska;A.pictilis(Emerton, 1885) from Alaska to Labrador and New Hampshire; andA.hirtipes(Kulczynski, 1907) (=Tarentula hirtaKulczynski, 1908, syn. n., =Lycosa asivakEmerton, 1919, syn. n., =Tarentula hamiltoniChamberlin & Ivie, 1947, syn. n.) from Alaska to northern Quebec.

AbstractAllocosa Banks, 1904, with type-species Lycosa funerea Hentz, 1844, is diagnosed on the presence of apomorphic characters in the external genitalia, and is hypothesized to represent the sister-group of the remaining North American lycosine genera. Eighteen species are found in North and Central America, namely, A. funerea (Hentz), A. mulaiki (Gertsch), comb, n., A. sublata (Montgomery), A. chamberlini (Gertsch), A. pylora Chamberlin, A. furtiva (Gertsch), comb, n., A. absoluta (Gertsch), comb, n., A. floridiana (Chamberlin), A. apora (Gertsch), A. noctuabunda (Montgomery), A. panamena Chamberlin, A. chamberlini (Gertsch), A. mokiensis (Gertsch), A. subparva sp. n., A. parva (Banks), A. veracruzana (Gertsch and Davis), A. utahana sp. n., and A. mexicana (Banks), comb. n.

AbstractThe female of Xysticus winnipegensis Turnbull et al., 1965 is described for the first time. The external genitalia of the female show the species to belong to the luctuosus group of the genus rather than the triangulosus group as previously supposed.