Fujian Province is the first pilot area of ecological civilization in China. One of its important tasks is to promote the ecologically fragile area to construct the ecological compensation mechanism. Mangrove wetland is a coastal ecologically critical area and its natural distribution is shrinking. Therefore, it had great challenge in wetland protection and restoration and required the government to have a higher management function. Taking Fujian Zhangjiangkou mangrove as an example, the significance in the exploration on mangrove wetland ecological compensation mechanism was very important. In this paper, we analyzed the concept of the wetland ecological compensation mechanism from three aspects: 1 ) Analysis of the ecological compensation mechanism was based on DPSIR model. 2 ) After field investigation, the residents' basic status and the willingness of ecological compensation in Zhangjiangkou mangrove wetland were surveyed by contingent valuation method( CVM) , and the influencing factors were analyzed by establishing the Tobit model. 3)Three kinds of ecological compensation standard scheme for different regions were discussed. The results showed that the surrounding residents had a low level of education and their environmental awareness was weak. These residents were preferable to select land compensation, employment arrangements and infrastructure construction on the premise of non-cash compensation. The willingness compensation between different villages had notable difference, and that was very significantly affected by respondents on education, population of family, acknowledge of mangrove wetland ecological benefit and the satisfaction of an ecosystem.

Taking Zhangjiangkou Mangrove National Nature Reserve of Fujian for example, the value of ecosystem service functions was estimated by building two level index system and using market value method, carbon tax method, expert evaluation method and cost prevention method.The results showed that the total value of the ecological service function was 103.395 68 million Yuan, and the unit value of the ecological service function was 0.043 81 million Yuan per hectare.The contribution of the ecological service function value followed by the material production, soil conservation, flood prevention, pollution elimination, biodiversity maintenance, climate regulation, educational and scientific research, respectively of the total ecosystem value of 61.68%, 19.25%, 7.03%, 6.75%, 2.78%, 1.89%, 0.61%, material supply function and soil conservation function were the main ecological service functions of the nature reserve.By the accounting of the ecological value, it will provide scientific basis for the government to carry out ecological compensation, it is conducive to the protection of mangrove wetlands and promote the development of comprehensive accounting of resource, economy and environment.

采用Hegyi单木竞争指数模型探讨林窗和林下格氏栲（Castanopsis kawakamii）幼苗幼树种内和种间竞争强度,分析林窗对格氏栲天然林更新层物种竞争的影响。结果表明:随着对象木高度的增加,林窗和林下格氏栲幼苗幼树的种内竞争强度逐渐减少。林窗种间竞争强度的顺序为:梨茶（Camellia octopetala）＞褐毛石楠（Photinia hirsuta）＞黄润楠（Machilus grijsii）＞桂北木姜子（Litsea subcoriacea）＞毛鳞省藤（Calamus thysanolepis）＞酸味子（Antidesma japonicum）＞少叶黄杞（Engelhardtia fenzelii）＞矩圆叶鼠刺（Itea chinensis）＞小叶赤楠（Syzygium grijsii）＞山黄皮（Clausena dentata）＞光叶山矾（Syplocos lancifolia）＞沿海紫金牛（Ardisia punctata）＞丝栗栲（Castanopsis fargesii）＞狗骨柴（Diplospora dubia）＞木荷（Schima superba）＞赤楠（Syzygium buxifolium）＞杜茎山（Maesa japonica）。林下种间竞争强度的顺序为:桂北木姜子＞梨茶＞黄润楠＞木荷＞毛冬青（Ilex pubescens）＞狗骨柴＞毛鳞省藤＞香港新木姜子（Neolitsea cambodiana）＞酸味子＞沿海紫金牛＞山黄皮＞光叶山矾＞赤楠＞小叶赤楠＞尖叶水丝梨（Distyliopsis dunnii）＞杜茎山＞丝栗栲。格氏栲幼苗幼树的竞争主要来自种间竞争,种内竞争对格氏栲影响不大,林窗格氏栲幼苗幼树的种内竞争强度和种间总体竞争强度大于林下。通过筛选林窗和林下格氏栲对象木树高与竞争强度的竞争模型,发现对象木树高与竞争指数之间存在负相关,预测结果表明,在林窗格氏栲幼苗生长初期应加强对其保护,林下格氏栲幼苗高度达到100～150 cm后适当采取创造林窗环境以实现其快速生长,从而有效促进林窗和林下格氏栲种群的保护与更新。

The objective of this study was to understand the effects of forest gap and variations in different seasons, gap size, locations and diurnal variations on forest microclimate and soil water content. Spatial and temporal distribution features of air temperature （TA ）, soil temperature （TS ）, relative humidity （h） and soil water content （Ψ） were measured in Castanopsis kawakamii natural forest gaps created by a severe typhoon or fallen dead trees. The results showed that: （1） the variations of TA , h, and TS in four seasons were extremely significant. The variations of Ψ in four seasons were extremely significant except for those between spring and summer. （2） The diurnal variations of TA and T S were expressed with a single peak curve. The diurnal variations of h and Ψ presented a high-low-high trend. （3） The variations of TA , h, and TS were extremely significant among the large, medium and small gaps in C. kawakamii natural forest. Medium gaps had the highest TA and the lowest h while small gaps were just contrary to medium gaps. The variations of Ψ were extremely significant for large, medium and small gaps except those between the medium and large gaps. （4） The TA , h, TS and Ψ were decreased from the gap center, canopy gap, expanded gap to understory. These results will help further our understanding of the abiotic and consequent biotic responses to gaps in the mid-subtropical broadleaved forests, which also provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management and population restoration of C. kawakamii natural forest.

采用GIS技术对格氏栲天然林土壤有机碳空间分布特征及其影响因素进行研究,结果表明:土壤有机碳含量(O)、土壤有机碳密度、土壤有机碳储量均属于中等变异,且随土层深度的增加而减少,表层富集现象明显.土壤有机碳含量在Ⅰ层(0 ～ 20 cm)为32.15 g/kg,分别是Ⅱ层(20～40 cm)、Ⅲ层(40 ～ 60 cm)的2.35、4.63倍,剖面均值为17.60 g/kg;土壤有机碳密度在Ⅰ～Ⅲ层分别为6.76 kg/m2、3.17 kg/m2、1.74 kg/m2,土壤剖面平均有机碳密度为11.67 kg/m2.引入泰森多边形替代土壤类型图,计算得格氏栲天然林土壤有机碳储量为1.49×104 t,Ⅰ层、Ⅱ层、Ⅲ层分别为8.66×103 t、4.01 × 103 t、2.20×103 t.土壤有机碳含量和土壤有机碳密度空间分布情况类似:在西南和东北各有一个高值区,以WS - EN为中线,西北和东南呈近似对称的条带状分布,且向两边表现出递减的趋势.相关分析和逐步回归分析表明,土壤有机碳含量与土壤理化性质相关性均达到极显著水平,与全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)、水解性氮(AN)、有效磷(AP)、速效钾(AK)显著正相关,与全钾(TK)、pH、土壤容重(B)显著负相关,满足O=38.19+72.42 TN+0.04AN+54.47 TP - 7.50pH - 7.04B.同时分析了地形、土壤理化性质、人为活动等对格氏栲天然林土壤有机碳含量的影响.研究结果可为提高土壤有机碳储量精度、评估格氏栲天然林生态效益及其在区域碳循环中的作用和功能提供参考依据.