Background:Motor disability represents a major challenge in children with leukemia, profoundly affecting their ability to perform activities of daily living. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between motor proficiency and the ability to perform daily tasks in children with leukemia who are not attending school during treatment.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in a Pediatric Oncology Department and included 102 children with leukemia aged 6 to 17 years. Occupational performance was assessed using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), and motor skills were evaluated with the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Short Form (BOTMP-SF).Results:Approximately half of the participants were high school students, with 54.9% being male. COPM and BOTMP-SF differed significantly between age groups (P < .05). BOTMP-SF fine and gross motor proficiency found significant differences between primary, secondary, and high school age groups for gross motor proficiency (P < .05).Conclusion:The relationship between motor proficiency and participation in activities of daily living in children with leukemia has a crucial impact on occupational performance. In this context, it is important to implement specific interventions that take into account the age-specific needs of children with cancer.

IMPORTANCE:Understanding the diverse vocational functioning profiles of individuals with disabilities is crucial for effective, person-centered practice in vocational rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE:To identify latent profiles of vocational functioning on the basis of Work Rehabilitation Questionnaire (WORQ) scores of individuals with disabilities in Turkey and to investigate demographic predictors of profile membership. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study using online survey methods. SETTING:Online data collection. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 522 adults (67.8% male), ages 18-64 yr, literate, and possessing a health report confirming a disability rating of more than 40% were recruited. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:Latent profile analysis was used to identify distinct vocational functioning profiles. Multinomial logistic regression examined predictors of profile membership. Latent profiles were derived from participant scores on the WORQ subdomains: Emotion, Cognition, Dexterity, and Mobility. Predictors included gender, education, and work experience. RESULTS:Three distinct latent profiles were identified: Class 1 (n = 199), with the lowest scores across all subdomains; Class 2 (n = 83), with higher Emotion and Cognition scores but lower Dexterity and Mobility scores; and Class 3 (n = 240), with higher Dexterity and Mobility scores but lower Emotion and Cognition scores. Prior work experience significantly predicted membership likelihood between profiles (p = .031). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:Individuals with disabilities exhibit distinct vocational functioning profiles, highlighting significant heterogeneity beyond diagnostic labels. These findings underscore the need for individualized assessment and intervention in vocational rehabilitation, tailoring approaches to profile characteristics. The profiles can guide goal setting and intervention planning, although further research is needed to explore links with specific diagnoses and employment outcomes. Plain-Language Summary: Understanding the different work-related strengths and challenges people with disabilities face is important to help them succeed in employment. This study identified three common patterns, or profiles, of individuals with disabilities on the basis of their self-reported emotional, thinking, physical movement, and fine motor skills related to work. One group had lower scores overall, another had stronger emotional and thinking skills but weaker physical skills, and the third had stronger physical skills but weaker emotional and thinking skills. Knowing these profiles can help occupational therapists tailor vocational rehabilitation programs to better meet each person's specific needs, focusing on the areas in which they need the most support to find and keep meaningful work.

OBJECTIVES:This study compared participation limitations in daily life activities among childhood cancer survivors across different Body Mass Index (BMI) categories. DESIGN:Prospective cross-sectional study. SETTING:The study data were collected from two separate oncology outpatient clinics. PARTICIPANTS:116 children with cancer aged 10.07±3.83 were included in the study. The mean follow-up time after cancer treatment turnover was 36.28±6.43 months. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES:Participation levels were assessed using the Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) as the primary outcome of this study, and they were categorised by BMI. RESULTS:The mean z score was 0.64 ± 1.12, and the average BMI was 17.76±3.56. The PODCI global functioning score averaged 80.25±15.23. There were no significant associations between the global functioning score and age, chemotherapy, or surgery (p>0.05). However, significant relationships were found between the global functioning score and gender, BMI, and radiotherapy (p<0.05). Significant functional differences were observed in the upper extremity, basic mobility transfer, happiness and overall functioning (p<0.05). No significant differences were noted in sports and physical functioning or pain/comfort across different BMI categories (underweight, normal/healthy, overweight) (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Survivors experience participation restrictions in daily living activities after completing treatment. Systematic evaluation of feedback received from patients/parents regarding physical function, sports, transfer and participation highlights the importance of BMI in childhood cancer survivors. Addressing these factors is key to achieving better health-related quality of life in functionality and participatory outcomes for survivors.

Objective:The objective of this study was to examine the proprioception and kinesthesia functions of the upper limbs in children who were undergoing chemotherapy treatment and hospitalized with various cancer diagnoses.Methods: Two hundred thirteen (101 females, 112 males) children with childhood cancer participated in this study.The proprioception and kinesthesia senses of the upper extremities were evaluated within the hospital setting.The sense of position, which was a clinical assessment, was used to assess proprioception.The kinesthesia subtest of Sensory Integration and Praxis Test was used to evaluate the kinesthesia sense.Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare mean values according to diagnostic criteria.Spearman's coefficient of correlation was used for bivariate correlations and the statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05.Results: There was no significant difference in proprioception scores and kinesthesia averages according to diagnosis types (p>0.05).In proprioception scores, according to diagnosis types, the lowest score was in the carcinoma group, while the highest score was seen in lymphoma group.In terms of kinesthesia, the most affected was the lymphoma group, while the leukemia group was least.In addition, no significant relationship was found between proprioception and kinesthesia scores (p>0.05).However, a significant correlation was found between right and left extremity proprioception scores (p<0.01,r=0.50). Conclusion:This study revealed the existence of proprioception and kinesthesia deficiencies in children who received chemotherapy.Planning intervention programs for these areas and evaluating sensory parameters in detail will be useful for future studies.

BackgroundNeurocognitive sequelae are among the most debilitating effects of cancer observed in children. Yet we know very little about the impact on neurocognitive functioning, especially cancer types that develop outside the central nervous system. This study aimed to assess and compare the cognitive functions (CoF) of children with bone tumours and lymphoma in the treatment process. MethodsThe CoF of children with bone tumours (n = 44), lymphoma (n = 42) and their non-cancer peers (n = 55) were assessed with Dynamic Occupational Therapy Assessment for Children. The CoF of children with cancer were compared with their non-cancer peers. Then, children with bone tumours and lymphoma were compared in binary. ResultsOne-hundred forty-one children aged 6-12 years with a mean age of 9.4 (SD = 1.5) were included in this study. The orientation and visuomotor construction functions of children with bone tumours and orientation, praxis and visuomotor construction functions of children with lymphoma performed worse than their non-cancer peers (p(k) < 0.001). While orientation, spatial perception, visuomotor construction and thinking operations functions of children with bone tumours and lymphoma were similar (p(k) > 0.016), praxis functions of children with lymphoma were found to be worse than children with bone tumours (p(k) < 0.016). ConclusionsOur findings show that children with bone tumours and lymphoma in the process of treatment are at risk for impairment of their CoF. The findings highlight the importance of assessing CoF in children with bone tumours and lymphoma and considering specific differences between groups. It is essential to assess CoF and develop early intervention plans in these children.

BACKGROUND Assessment of work performance (AWP) is a test for assessing work performance and can be utilised in matching person-work and applying effective interventions. It was aimed to adjust and to evaluate the validity and reliability of AWP in Turkish with individuals with mild intellectual disability (ID). METHODS The study was conducted with 243 individuals with mild ID. Of the 243 participants, data gathered from 105 individuals was used to conduct exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and remaining data (138 individuals) was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency, construct validity, test-retest reliability, criterion-related validity and inter-rater reliability were analyzed. RESULTS The AWP showed average to good reliability for individuals with mild ID. The construct validity and internal consistency of the AWP were confirmed with satisfying results; test-retest reliability (ICC >0.92) and inter-rater reliability (ICC >0.90) were excellent for all domains. The EFA resulted three factors, explaining 66.46% variance; and CFA resulted average fit. CONCLUSION AWP is valid and reliable for evaluating the working performances of individuals with mild ID.

BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a vocational rehabilitation group intervention on motivation and occupational self-competence in individuals with intellectual disability.METHODS:A single-blind, randomised controlled study design was used. The intervention group (IG) received the group-based intervention alongside the individualised vocational rehabilitation (IVR) and the control group (CG) continued receiving only the IVR for 8 weeks. In order to assess motivation and occupational self-competence, Objective Achievement Motivation Test (OLMT) and Occupational Self-Assessment (OSA) were used.RESULTS:Forty-nine individuals were enrolled to the study and randomised into IG (n = 24) and CG (n = 25). Two groups were similar at baseline in terms of demographic qualities, OLMT and OSA scores (p > 0.05). After the intervention, the IG showed significant improvements in all assessments (p < 0.05), however the CG showed improvements only in OLMT sub-tests (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:The group-based intervention program was effective in increasing occupational self-competence and motivation.

Objective: The objective of the study is to explore the effectiveness of task-oriented training (TOT) on occupational performance, functional independence, and fatigue of children with cancer. Method: Two hundred and thirteen children (101 females, 112 males) with cancer were randomized to experimental (n = 112; 9.53±2.23 years) or control (n = 101; 7.93±1.98 years) groups. The experimentalgroup received a TOT together with a conventional occupational therapy (COT), while the control group received only a COT. Both groups received 20 sessions of therapy. The outcomes regarding occupational performance via the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, functional independence via the Functional Independence Measure for Children and fatigue via the Visual Analog Scale were evaluated by the blind evaluators before and after the interventions in the hospital setting. Results: The occupational performance and satisfaction (p<0.001) scores showed statistically significant differences in the experimental group compared to the control group (p<0.01). A statistically significant improvement was determined in functional independence for both groups (p< 0.001). The experimental group indicated a significant reduction in fatigue (p values for fatigue before, during, after activity, morning and evening: p< 0.001) and in the control group (P values for fatigue all situation: p< 0.05). Conclusion: The TOT seems to ensure more beneficial effects in increasing occupational performance, improving functional independence in daily activities, and decreasing fatigue at the early phases of inpatient treatment of childhood cancer.

Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, aktivite temelli grup eğitim programının hemiparetik Serebral Palsi’li (SP) bireylerde çalışma performansına olan etkisini incelemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: SP’li bireylerin yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim durumu, çalışma geçmişi, tıbbi geçmişi, gelir durumu gibi sosyodemografik bilgileri Anamnez Formu ile toplandı. Bireylerin çalışma performansının değerlendirilmesi için İnsan Rol-Aktivite Modeli’ne ait Çalışma Performansı Değerlendirmesi (AWP) kullanıldı. Bireylere 4 hafta, haftada 2 gün toplamda 8 saat süren, işe yönelik meslek öncesi becerilerin dahil edildiği aktivite temelli grup eğitim programı uygulandı. Grup eğitiminden sonra AWP tekrar edildi. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 ile analiz edildi. Sonuçlar: Çalışmaya 8’i erkek (%66,7), 4’ü kadın (%33,3) olmak üzere toplamda 12 SP’li katılımcı dahil edildi. Aktivite temelli grup eğitimi öncesi ve sonrası AWP verilerinin karşılaştırılması sonucunda; Motor Beceriler (p=0,026), Süreç Becerileri (p=0,027) ve İletişim Etkileşim Becerileri (p=0,041) olmak üzere 3 temel alanda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı gelişmeler saptandı. Tartışma: SP’li bireylere uygulanan aktivite temelli grup eğitim programının çalışma performansının 3 ana alanında da gelişmeler sağladığı saptanmıştır. Bu programın diğer mesleki rehabilitasyon uygulamalarına dahil edilmesinin bu popülasyonda işe girme ve işi sürdürme becerilerine olumlu etkileri olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Although the use of terms of work and engagement (WE), activity, and occupation varies from country to country, time and cultural structure, these terms are among the most commonly used terms in occupational therapy (OT). The aim of our study was to examine the process of use, change and development of WE, activity and occupation terms in the national and international literature in Turkey. A search by using the funnel method using “occupation”, “WE”, “WE treatment’’, “activity”, “occupation” and “OT” keywords was done. The abstracts of national and international articles published in the Web of Science, Scopus, Index Medicus, Medline, Copernicus, EBSCO, Ulakbim Journal index and TR ATIF index between 1970- 2018 were reviewed and 3467 articles were reached. Two hundred and nineteen which met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The data obtained were recorded. It was found that in national and international studies, the terms “WE”, “activity” and “occupation" were both used in similar and different meanings. In the development process, it was observed that there was a shift towards the use of the terms “activity” and “occupation" by moving away from the term “WE” which had a limited conceptual content. Historical development and change in the use of terms “WE”, “activity” and “occupation" in OT science are parallel with development of OT in our country. To continue and deepen the studies and harmonize the terminology according to the spirit of time and changing conditions will accelerate the development of OT paradigm in Turkey.

Amaç: Çalışmamız Ergoterapi lisans mezunlarının terapötik modlar olarak adlandırılan terapistin danışan ile ilişki kurma biçimlerini incelenmek amacıyla planlandı. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya 24 kadın ve 5 erkek olmak üzere toplam 29 kişi dahil edildi. Katılımcılara Demografik Bilgi Formu ve Mod-Öz Değerlendirme Anketi uygulandı. Sonuçlar: Çalışmaya dâhil edilen 29 terapistin yaş ortalaması 24,24 ± 1,70 yıl olarak bulundu. Ergoterapi lisans mezunlarının en sık tercih ettikleri terapötik modlar %24,3 ile ”problem çözme” ve %24,1 ile “bilgilendirme” iken, en az tercih edilen mod ise %9,7 ile “empati kurma” olduğu görüldü. Terapötik modlar arasından “teşvik etme” modunu tercih edenlerin daha az “empati kurma” modunu tercih ettikleri bulundu (r= -0,44). Tartışma: Ülkemizde terapistlerin mod kullanımı açısından eğilimlerini inceleyen ilk çalışma olması nedeniyle öncü bulgular sağlayan çalışmamız terapistlere kendileri için uygun mod seçimi ile sağlayabileceği kazanımları hakkında olumlu yönde bilgi edinmelerine katkı sağlanabilir.