An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Submerged floating tunnel(SFT) has coused worldwide concern as an innovative large span structure. A refined 3D finite element structural model is established for a submerged floating tunnel the response under fatigue loads is investigated and the weak points of strucure analysed, while the loads include traffic load, fluid forces, wave impactions. The results shows that: 1) Near the connection section of anchor cable, fatigue damage would be easily generated due to the .2)If the space between anchor cable is dense enough, the stress and displacement at tubulation midspan would not change a lot. 3)If there appears rather strong stress area in the upper part of anchoring tubulation,instability should be noticed.

SummaryThe traditional French nosology of mood disorders is based upon the classical endogenous vs psychogenic dichotomy. The French Classification of Mental Disorders, established by the National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale or INSERM) refers, however, to a different terminology: psychotic is used instead of endogenous and non-psychotic instead of psychogenic.The present report is an attempt to provide operational definitions for the major categories of depression in French nosology. It is based upon an empirical investigation. Fifty French clinicians selected 5 cases among patients who had been diagnosed as presenting either a psychotic depression, a non-psychotic depression or a schizophrenia with mood disorder. For each patient, the participants evaluated the presence or absence of 100 criteria presented in a list, the List of Integrated Criteria for the Evaluation of Taxonomy in Depressive Disorders (LICET-D 100). The list assembles all diagnostic criteria which have been proposed for a diagnosis of depression in 7 recent classification systems.The data were analyzed in 2 steps. The aim of the first step was to define a basic depressive syndrome, termed “unspecific depressive syndrome”, present in all the depressive disorders, independently of their subtypes. The aim of the second step was to elicit a diagnostic index for distinguishing between psychotic and non-psychotic depression. The operational definitions presented in this report are “empirical” in as much as they have been derived from the evaluation of actual patients. They are “French” in as much as they are based upon data obtained from a representative sample of French psychiatrists. They have a high face validity in that they correspond to and in fact simply translate French diagnostic practices in this field. They finally have a satisfactory discriminative validity in that they “correctly” reclassify 82% of the patients, i.e. achieve agreement with clinical diagnosis in more than 8 cases ont of 10.The present report does not provide and in fact was not designed to elicit information on the predictive or construct validities of French diagnostic practices in the field of depressive disorders.

The provisional definitions presented in this report are the first step of an empirical investigation initiated to establish operational definitions for schizophrenia and other non-affective psychoses of classical French nosology. They are the result of French clinicians' agreement on the identification of particular syndromes as distinct mental disorders.

The present report presents the final results of an empirical investigation initiated to establish operational definitions for schizophrenia and other non-affective psychoses of classical French nosology. For each category, the authors provide diagnostic criteria and algorithms. In addition, they propose a decision tree for the differential diagnosis of psychotic features included in the French classification of mental disorders.

The LICET system is a polydiagnostic instrument permitting recording of diagnostic criteria and assignment by diagnostic algorithms as proposed in a number of different classification systems, including the Viennese Research Criteria. In the present report, French diagnostic practices are compared with the Viennese Research Criteria for endogenomorphic-schizophrenic and endogenomorphic-cyclothymic axial syndromes.

L.I.C.E.T.-D 100 or List of Integrated Criteria for Evaluation and Taxonomy in Depression is a diagnostic instrument permitting to record all information required to make a diagnosis following different classification systems, and to compute the diagnosis for each system, either by hand or automatically using a simple computer program. The present article presents the principles and purposes of the method and provides the technical information required for using the instrument.

The French classification of mental disorders is a simple nomenclature which provides no definitions nor any other information concerning the categories. The present study describes the methodological guidelines of a nation-wide investigation that was initiated to establish empirical operational definitions for schizophrenia and other non-affective psychoses of classical French nosology.