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formula could also be modified suitably to take into account the emerging concretes such as high strength, high performance concrete, self consolidating concrete and fibre reinforced concrete. Moreover, the suggested formula is applicable to con- cretes having strengths up to 100 MPa, whereas the Indian Code provisions are applicable for strength up to 40 MPa only. Since the discusser has raised a point about anchorage requirements in beam- column joints a brief review is given below about the same. Development length requirements of the flexural reinforcement within a joint of a reinforced concrete moment resistant frame are particularly important. Many structural failures under seismic loading are attributed to poor detailing of beam-column joints 2 .
Abstract: tion of knowledge to a suitable task. PBL has been successfully applied to civil, mechanical and electrical engineering as well as to medical, dental and veterinary education. The introduction of PBL into educational courses is related to a constructivist theory of learning. This theory is based on the premise that learners come to know something new, not by passively hearing it, but by actively engaging with it and connecting it to what they already know. In other words, a learner's current...