Introduction and Aims: Management of Renal failure in the setting of HIV infection has been scarcelystudied particularly in low resource settings where accessto renal replacement therapy is not widelyavailable. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) in the management of renal failure associated with HIV infection. Methods: This is an ongoing prospective cohort study following-up 70 HIV positive and 70 HIV negative renal failure patients newly inserted atenckhoff catheter in our unit between September 2012 and February 2015, monthly followed up data of the first 365 days was used to assess outcomes of catheter failure and mortality Results: Both the HIV positive cohort and the HIV negative controls had statistically similar catheter failure rates 0.252 vs 0.270 per-person-years, RR 0.93 (95% CI 0.38 - 2.21 p=0.873) with severe or non-resolving peritonitis being the leading cause for catheter removal (84.6% vs 80.0%, respectively). However, the HIV positive cohort had a lower proportion of patients with a patent catheter reaching 1 year (45.7% vs 58.6%, p=0.128) due to an increased all-cause mortality rate (0.550 vs 0.251 per-person-years, RR 2.20 (CI 1.07- 4.69, P=0.0207), with sudden unspecified home death accounting for the majorityof mortalities (50% vs 62%, respectively) whereas infective causes were associated with 37.5% and 30.8% of deaths, respectively.Baseline factors associated with the increased mortality risk were CD4 count of less than 200/µl, unsuppressed viral load, and ARV duration of lessthan 6 months, linked to COX hazard ratios of 5.39 (95% CI 2.20 to 13.21, p<0.001), 2.79 (CI 1.34 to 5.80, p=0.006), and 2.65 (CI 1.26 to 5.58, p=0.010), respectively Conclusions: This study suggeststhatHIV infection in patients on CAPD does not adversely influence catheter failure rates at one year, however, uncontrolled HIV infection may be associated with increased mortality relative risk.