Using case study material from two collaborative projects, an approach to vehicle handling predictions involving models of a medium level of sophistication is proposed. It is argued that to be useful in commercial design context, the models must be sufficiently accurate to represent behaviour into the high lateral acceleration regime but also sufficiently user-friendly to enable designers to investigate the effect of parameter variations easily and efficiently.
A moderately sophisticated linearised mathematical model of a passenger car has been developed. The model includes the following: (a) lateral, yaw and roll degrees of freedom of the body; (b) steer degree of freedom of the front wheels; (c) front and rear suspension kinematic properties; (d) steering system compliances and gear ratios; (e) tyre forces and moments in response to sideslip and camber; and (f) dynamic response characteristics of the tyres. The complete set of aerodynamic forces and moments are added to this basic model. Data typical of a luxury passenger car and an on/off road vehicle are used to generate predicted results for two aspects of behaviour: (a) high speed straight running stability; and (b) transient response to side wind conditions. Sensitivity analysis is used to highlight those design parameters which influence the vehicles handling response most strongly. The paper concludes by specifying the parameters that the designer might use to optimise vehicle handling behaviour under straight running and side wind conditions. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 870290.
A two dimensional high level graphics programming system based on the CORE standard graphics system1 has been implemented. The graphics programming language used in the system is an extension of the programming language Pascal. In this paper the graphics programming features in this system are presented and the implementation issues are discussed.
It is frequently necessary to transfer, or port text between computers. This procedure is not always as easy as it might be and many frustrations await the unsuspecting ‘porter’. In this article we attempt to identify those features of a program which make it a useful and convenient means of effecting file transfer between machines. We attempt to show how these features have been embodied in programs which have been successfully used to transfer text between machines of different size and capability.
CORAL66 programming environment has been implemented on a host environment of a Nova real time disk operating system. It consists of a CORAL66 C‐compiler, a program for compilation error code summary, a c‐code assembler, an interpreter as well as utilities from the host environment. In this paper, details of the implementation are discussed and we argue that such an implementation on mini‐computer systems can be used as an important and flexible tool for teaching and research purposes in software engineering.
It is argued that a large apparent pressure dependence in the rate of decomposition of the tert-butoxy radical should not be interpreted in terms of unimolecular reaction theory; the effect is probably heterogeneous in origin.
Di-tert-butyl peroxide has been photolyzed at 2537 Å in the gaseous phase in the presence of up to 47 amagats (2.10 mol/l) of propane and of cyclopropane. It was confirmed that no acetone is formed in the limit of infinite hydrocarbon concentration and therefore that the primary chemical act leading to the eventual formation of acetone is the formation of two tert-butoxy radicals from the excited peroxide molecule; in addition, some crude information was obtained concerning relative rates of photochemical vs. deactivation processes. It was also found that at these densities the tert-butoxy radical formed in the photolysis of di-tert-butyl peroxide did not appear to differ in chemical reactivity from the tert-butoxy radical formed in the thermal decomposition of di-tert-butyl peroxide.
The thermal decomposition of di-tert-butyl peroxide has been studied in the presence of high pressures of cyclopropane; the rate constant for the decomposition was determined from the sum of the rates of formation of tert-butanol and acetone. In the temperature range 125–160 °C, i.e. above the critical point of cyclopropane, concentrations of cyclopropane of between 2.6 and 3.6 mol/1 (60–80 amagats) were used; in the temperature range 100–124 °C, i.e. below the critical point of cyclopropane, an equivalent mean (liquid + gas) cyclopropane concentration was used. An Arrhenius plot of the rate constants for the peroxide decomposition is continuous through the critical point of the cyclopropane, and is indistinguishable from the best Arrhenius line representing all previous work on the reaction.However, an Arrhenius plot of the ratio of the rates of formation of tert-butanol and acetone shows a marked discontinuity at the critical point, but further investigation shows that this results from the unequal distribution of the reactant peroxide between the two phases which are present below the critical point of the cyclopropane.Less extensive series of experiments using propane, isobutane, cyanogen, and carbon dioxide as pressurizing gases confirm the pressure-independence of the rate of decomposition of di-tert-butyl peroxide: the experiments with propane and isobutane confirm the phase-independence of the rate; the propane experiments also exhibit the same apparent kinetic discontinuity at the critical point. Finally, rate-constant data are obtained for the reactions of the tert-butoxy radical with cyclopropane and isobutane, and for the addition of methyl radicals to cyanogen.
Chemischer Informationsdienst. Organische ChemieVolume 1, Issue 10 Isocyclic Compounds ChemInform Abstract: FESTSTELLUNG DES PRIMAERSCHRITTES BEI DER THERMISCHEN ZERS. VON DI-TERT.-BUTYLPEROXID C. K. YIP, C. K. YIPSearch for more papers by this authorH. O. PRITCHARD, H. O. PRITCHARDSearch for more papers by this author C. K. YIP, C. K. YIPSearch for more papers by this authorH. O. PRITCHARD, H. O. PRITCHARDSearch for more papers by this author First published: March 10, 1970 https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.197010077AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume1, Issue10March 10, 1970 RelatedInformation
The thermal decomposition of di-tert-butyl peroxide in the presence of propane has been studied at total pressures up to 100 atm. At the highest propane concentrations, the major product of the decomposition is tert-butyl alcohol, and extrapolation to infinite propane pressure indicates that the initial step in the peroxide decomposition is exclusively the formation of two tert-butoxy radicals. The activation energy for the abstraction of hydrogen from propane by t-BuO radicals is discussed.
