With the improvement of hydrocarbon exploration, turbidite reservoirs formed by deep-water gravity flow have become an important target for oil and gas exploration and development in faulted basins in eastern China. Due to the weak depositional differentiation and diagenesis damage, the overall quality of gravity flow sandstone reservoirs is poor. The prediction of high-quality reservoirs is becoming the key to restricting effective hydrocarbon exploration. In this paper, the authors study the distribution, lithofacies, and reservoir characteristics of gravity flow sandstone in the northeastern Nanpu Depression by cores, well-logging data, reservoir physical properties, and rock slices to explore the key control factor and development law of high-quality reservoirs. The result shows that the gravity flow sediments are mainly composed of eight lithofacies interpreted as slide-slump, sandy debris flow, muddy debris flow, and turbidity current. According to the statistical analyses of reservoir physical property parameters, it is proven that the gravity flow sandstone reservoir is with strong heterogeneity and that its quality depends on sandstone genesis, sand-mud structure, and dissolution intensity. The high-quality reservoirs are mainly from sandy debris flows and turbidity currents. Massive sandstones from sandy debris flows are usually high-quality reservoirs characterized by large single-bed thickness, strong calcareous dissolution of calcareous cement, and few muddy interbeds.In contrast, the sandstones from turbidity currents are of low quality due to small thickness, weak dissolution of calcareous cement, and many interbedded mudstones, and are formed in a closed diagenetic environment. This study provides an effective predictive idea for hydrocarbon exploration on deep-water gravity flow sandstone reservoir in a lacustrine basin based on analyses of sandstone genesis and sand-mud structure.

针对注水油藏改建储层库微观渗流机理问题,本次研究首先进行注气速度及储层性质对库容的影响研究,了解多次注气采气循环作业后的渗流特征,最后进行多次注采作业后对库容及渗流能力的影响分析,为推动我国注水油藏改建储气库的进一步发展奠定基础.研究表明:在改建储气库的初期阶段,需要选择一个合理的注气速度,同时还需要考虑形成次气顶以后的强注问题,以此防止气井将油藏内的水资源封隔,增大水锁气的量;对储气库进行多次注采作业以后,其库容和注采能力都会得到一定程度的提升,这十分有利于注水油藏改建储气库.

南堡凹陷柳赞地区沙三段沉积期构造运动复杂,多幕构造—沉积演化导致层序地层格架及沉积充填样式时空差异大,区域上层序尺度的研究已无法满足研究区沉积、砂体精细表征的需求.本次研究聚焦沙三段中上部主力含油层系,通过陆相层序地层划分与对比技术,揭示了研究区三级层序内部准层序组级次的层序结构及沉积充填特征,明确了其对油气勘探开发的指导意义.研究结果表明:沙三1～3亚段整体可划分为2个三级层序SQ1和SQ2,其中,主力含油层III油组和II油组为SQ1层序构造宁静期湖退体系域的两个进积准层序组,垂向上随着沉积水体逐渐变浅,整体呈现扇三角洲"小平原大前缘"到平原、前缘均衡发育的沉积演化特征;I油组和0油组为SQ2层序构造活跃期湖侵体系域的两个退积准层序组,随着可容空间与沉积物供给之比逐渐增大,扇三角洲也逐渐由平原、前缘均衡发育演化成扇三角洲逐渐后撤,以滨浅湖、半深湖为主的沉积特征.横向上,边界断层的差异活动特征控制了相同沉积期沉积环境的横向变化.准层序组级次的沉积特征控制了研究区有利储盖组合的发育,构造宁静期湖退体系域中晚期(III油组和II油组)和构造活跃期湖侵体系域早期(I油组)发育的厚层储集砂体与上覆构造活跃期末期湖侵泥岩(0油组)形成了有利的储盖组合;准层序组的结构特征控制了准层序单元及其内部砂体、流体的分布规律,退积式准层序组下部砂体更发育,整体呈现下油上水的特征,准层序单元的顶部是有利储集砂体及油气的分布位置.通过本次研究,揭示了沙三段中上部主力含油层系0～III油组的层序结构及沉积充填模式,为后期砂体分布预测及岩性油藏勘探、开发提供了指导.

转化气蒸汽发生器是天然气蒸汽转化法制氢装置的主要设备之一,主要是通过回收高温转化气的热量为余热锅炉发蒸汽.多年运行后其管束内壁堆积结垢,导致换热效果逐渐变差.由于管束特殊结构,清洗十分困难.通过大港石化公司检修清洗的多次尝试,总结该类换热管的清洗方案.

单管程换热器管束长度超过设计值,无法与壳体法兰配套密封,其解决方案有多种.其中一种解决思路即增加壳体长度或壳体法兰厚度,使之与管束长度相匹配,从而使两部件相对位置满足原设计值,实现密封效果.通过实例对单管程换热器管束超长的增加隔距环方案进行论述.

加氢裂化装置主要介质为硫化氢、氢气、汽油等,如发生泄漏极易形成大型事故.以汽提塔注剂点泄漏事件为例,分析泄漏原因,提出处理措施,确保加氢裂化装置安全运行.

液力透平机械密封结构及2次改造过程,对机械密封的拆检情况进行详细分析;通过及时有效的机械密封改造,为以后的安全生产奠定了坚实基础.

The study of a single sandbody may help establish a basis for the development of residual oil and improvement of exploration success. The present paper gives a detailed description of three models such as contour correlation, superimposed sandbody correlation and sedimentary facies correlation models on the basis of core observation and well logs, and three genetic types of sandstones including the subaqueous distributary channel, channel mouth bar and distal bar sandstones. The single sandbody distribution is also discussed in the light of the dynamic injection-production relationship. The results of research in this study will provide a geological basis for the injection-production adjustment, examination of the heterogeneity of the hydrocarbon reservoirs, and prediction of residual oil distribution in the study area.

烃类水蒸气转化法制氢,管材中最容易出现缺陷甚至导致灾难性后果的部分是转化炉管与中变气管线.对2处管线进行的强化作用均用到了Nb元素.对Nb元素在2种管线中的强化机理和实际应用效果进行论述与比对.

在对大量薄片和岩心观察分析基础上,结合扫描电镜和全岩分析、X衍射粘土分析、包裹体测温等手段,对查干凹陷碎屑岩储层的成岩作用和孔隙演化进行了研究.结果表明:研究区碎屑岩储层主要为低成分成熟度、低结构成熟度的长石岩屑砂岩,成岩作用呈现“强压实、强胶结、弱交代、弱溶蚀”的“两强两弱”特征;成岩阶段主要处于中成岩A期,局部达中成岩B期至晚成岩期.两期胶结主要发生在苏二早期和乌兰苏海时期,中浅层(＜2 500 m)较低孔隙度主要由于强压实和早期致密胶结所致;较高孔隙度是由于原生孔隙保存较好,长石及碳酸盐胶结物的溶蚀作用导致孔隙度增大.深层碎屑岩储层(＞2 500 m)较低孔隙度除压实作用外,碳酸盐致密胶结是主因;较高孔隙度则为早期酸性溶蚀叠加晚期碱性溶蚀产生次生孔隙为主.晚期碱性溶蚀发生在油气充注之后,为无效溶孔.